窄脈沖激光的收發(fā)與幅度測量
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-21 10:00
【摘要】：納秒級窄脈沖激光因其脈沖寬度極短、脈沖信號的上升沿快、擁有極低的占空比,同時(shí)納秒窄脈沖還具有普通激光具有的單色性良好、響應(yīng)速度快、適合遠(yuǎn)距離探測等特點(diǎn)。其技術(shù)優(yōu)勢決定了其具有非常廣闊的應(yīng)用范圍,在一些軍事領(lǐng)域例如激光制導(dǎo)、脈沖激光雷達(dá),和一些民用領(lǐng)域如激光測距等均有較為廣泛的應(yīng)用。在納秒窄脈沖信號的的收發(fā)與測量系統(tǒng)中因脈沖寬度極短、信號的上升沿快等技術(shù)特性同時(shí)決定了窄脈沖信號的接收與測量系統(tǒng)需要具有較高的ADC采樣速率和芯片對數(shù)據(jù)的處理能力。脈沖信號的寬度在納秒量級是制約這些因素的關(guān)鍵問題,如何不使用超高速ADC采集芯片的前提下實(shí)現(xiàn)對納秒脈沖信號的數(shù)據(jù)采集與測量一直是納秒窄脈沖激光應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域急需解決的關(guān)鍵問題。本文主要針對納秒級窄脈沖激光信號的技術(shù)特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)出納秒級窄脈沖信號激光信號的收發(fā)與測量系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)窄脈沖激光的技術(shù)特性,首先設(shè)計(jì)了窄脈沖激光的發(fā)射系統(tǒng),針對發(fā)射系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的研究和試驗(yàn),利用電容的充電放電的過程產(chǎn)生納秒窄脈沖激光信號,實(shí)現(xiàn)了納秒級窄脈沖激光發(fā)射系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí)根據(jù)發(fā)射系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的納秒窄脈沖激光信號的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)出與納秒窄脈沖激光發(fā)射系統(tǒng)相匹配的接收與測量系統(tǒng),包括硬件設(shè)計(jì)和軟件設(shè)計(jì)部分。其中硬件設(shè)計(jì)中提出了對納秒窄脈沖信號進(jìn)行脈沖信號的拓寬處理,將納秒級的窄脈沖信號通過脈沖拓寬電路拓寬至微秒級,這樣的處理可極大的降低窄脈沖信號對后級ADC采樣速度的要求,不僅降低了系統(tǒng)的成本而且電路的復(fù)雜性也進(jìn)一步的降低。將窄脈沖信號進(jìn)行拓寬處理后送至TMS320F28335DSP進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的采集與處理,通過程序的編寫找出窄脈沖信號的峰值的大小和峰值的位置信息。最后對示波器采集的窄脈沖信號各個(gè)位置的脈沖波形圖進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢與不足,提出系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)意見。
[Abstract]:Nanosecond narrow pulse laser is characterized by its very short pulse width, fast rising edge of pulse signal and extremely low duty cycle. At the same time, nanosecond narrow pulse laser has the characteristics of good monochromaticity, fast response speed and suitable for long range detection. It has a wide range of applications due to its technical advantages. It is widely used in some military fields such as laser guidance, pulsed laser radar, and some civil fields such as laser ranging. In the transmission and measurement system of nanosecond narrow pulse signal, the pulse width is very short. The rapid rise edge of the signal determines that the receiving and measuring system of the narrow pulse signal should have high ADC sampling rate and the chip processing ability to the data. The pulse width in nanoseconds is the key problem that restricts these factors. How to realize the data acquisition and measurement of nanosecond pulse signal without using ultra-high speed ADC acquisition chip has always been a key problem in the application field of nanosecond narrow pulse laser. Aiming at the technical characteristics of nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal, this paper designs the receiving, sending and measuring system of nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal. According to the technical characteristics of narrow pulse laser, a narrow pulse laser transmitting system is designed, and the nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal is generated by the charge and discharge process of capacitance, which is carefully studied and tested according to the technical details of the transmission system. The design of nanosecond narrow pulse laser emission system is realized. According to the characteristics of the nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal produced by the transmitting system, a receiving and measuring system, including hardware design and software design, is designed to match the nanosecond narrow pulse laser transmitting system. In the hardware design, it is proposed that the nanosecond narrow pulse signal be widened to the microsecond level through the pulse widening circuit, and the nanosecond narrow pulse signal can be widened to the microsecond level by the pulse widening circuit. This process can greatly reduce the requirement of the ADC sampling speed for the narrow-pulse signal, not only reduce the cost of the system but also reduce the complexity of the circuit. The narrow pulse signal is broadened and sent to TMS320F28335DSP for data acquisition and processing. The size and position of the peak value of the narrow pulse signal are found by programming. Finally, the pulse waveform of each position of the narrow pulse signal collected by oscilloscope is analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of the system are summarized, and the improvement suggestions of the system are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN24
本文編號：2284767
[Abstract]:Nanosecond narrow pulse laser is characterized by its very short pulse width, fast rising edge of pulse signal and extremely low duty cycle. At the same time, nanosecond narrow pulse laser has the characteristics of good monochromaticity, fast response speed and suitable for long range detection. It has a wide range of applications due to its technical advantages. It is widely used in some military fields such as laser guidance, pulsed laser radar, and some civil fields such as laser ranging. In the transmission and measurement system of nanosecond narrow pulse signal, the pulse width is very short. The rapid rise edge of the signal determines that the receiving and measuring system of the narrow pulse signal should have high ADC sampling rate and the chip processing ability to the data. The pulse width in nanoseconds is the key problem that restricts these factors. How to realize the data acquisition and measurement of nanosecond pulse signal without using ultra-high speed ADC acquisition chip has always been a key problem in the application field of nanosecond narrow pulse laser. Aiming at the technical characteristics of nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal, this paper designs the receiving, sending and measuring system of nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal. According to the technical characteristics of narrow pulse laser, a narrow pulse laser transmitting system is designed, and the nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal is generated by the charge and discharge process of capacitance, which is carefully studied and tested according to the technical details of the transmission system. The design of nanosecond narrow pulse laser emission system is realized. According to the characteristics of the nanosecond narrow pulse laser signal produced by the transmitting system, a receiving and measuring system, including hardware design and software design, is designed to match the nanosecond narrow pulse laser transmitting system. In the hardware design, it is proposed that the nanosecond narrow pulse signal be widened to the microsecond level through the pulse widening circuit, and the nanosecond narrow pulse signal can be widened to the microsecond level by the pulse widening circuit. This process can greatly reduce the requirement of the ADC sampling speed for the narrow-pulse signal, not only reduce the cost of the system but also reduce the complexity of the circuit. The narrow pulse signal is broadened and sent to TMS320F28335DSP for data acquisition and processing. The size and position of the peak value of the narrow pulse signal are found by programming. Finally, the pulse waveform of each position of the narrow pulse signal collected by oscilloscope is analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of the system are summarized, and the improvement suggestions of the system are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN24
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