本文選題：毫米波行波管 + 同軸窗��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：毫米波行波管在國防和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用,并不斷向更高頻率、更大功率以及更寬頻帶方向發(fā)展。輸入輸出系統(tǒng)是毫米波行波管的關(guān)鍵部件之一,其性能直接影響到行波管的帶寬、功率容量等性能。本論文對毫米波行波管輸入輸出系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了理論和仿真設(shè)計(jì)研究,并針對32GHz~36GHz的毫米波螺旋線行波管的輸入輸出系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化,分析了輸入輸出系統(tǒng)各部分對傳輸性能的影響,為毫米波行波管輸入輸出系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和研制提供了參考。論文主要工作和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下:1、提出了典型同軸窗的兩種快速設(shè)計(jì)方法。一種設(shè)計(jì)方法是基于等效電路模型,根據(jù)同軸窗在中心頻率處反射等于零計(jì)算同軸窗的初始尺寸,是針對整個窗結(jié)構(gòu)的全局匹配。第二種設(shè)計(jì)方法是通過使窗片平面處的輸入導(dǎo)納與窗片的特性導(dǎo)納相等來計(jì)算同軸窗的初始尺寸,是一種保證窗片內(nèi)電磁波為行波的局部匹配。利用兩種方法分別對同軸窗進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),通過理論值與實(shí)驗(yàn)值的對比,證明了這兩種設(shè)計(jì)方法的正確性,為以后同軸窗的快速設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。2、對比了兩種臺階電容計(jì)算公式的正確性與適用性。同軸線半徑不連續(xù)的地方表現(xiàn)在等效電路上可等效為一個臺階電容。本文對兩種臺階電容的計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行了比較。對同一個同軸階梯,兩者計(jì)算電容值相差很大。但是,當(dāng)它們應(yīng)用于同一個窗的設(shè)計(jì)時,所得到的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果(窗的尺寸和傳輸特性)卻是幾乎一致的。3、對傳統(tǒng)?4阻抗匹配器進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。本文慢波結(jié)構(gòu)與輸入輸出窗的連接部分為二節(jié)?4阻抗匹配器。鑒于同軸窗內(nèi)導(dǎo)體半徑與螺旋線截面外接圓半徑不同,為了減小不連續(xù)電抗,將阻抗匹配器的內(nèi)導(dǎo)體結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化為直線漸變型。經(jīng)過對整管的仿真,本文阻抗匹配器結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn)優(yōu)化了整個輸入輸出系統(tǒng)的傳輸性能。4、分析了輸入輸出系統(tǒng)各關(guān)鍵參量對傳輸性能的影響。本文分別對螺旋線圈數(shù)、拉伸螺距值、夾持桿縱向延伸位置、阻抗匹配器外半徑、連接金屬體的結(jié)構(gòu)、窗片尺寸、窗片上下空氣柱高度等關(guān)鍵參量進(jìn)行了掃描計(jì)算,得到了各參量大小與輸入輸出系統(tǒng)傳輸性能的關(guān)系。最后優(yōu)化出了一只32GHz~36GHz的毫米波行波管輸入輸出系統(tǒng),在整個工作頻帶內(nèi)其駐波系數(shù)均小于1.42,傳輸性能良好。
[Abstract]:Millimeter wave traveling wave tube (MWTWT) is playing an increasingly important role in the field of national defense and national economy, and has been developing to higher frequency, higher power and wider frequency band. Input-output system is one of the key components of millimeter-wave TWT. Its performance directly affects the bandwidth and power capacity of TWT. In this paper, the theoretical and simulation design of the millimeter-wave traveling wave tube input and output system is studied, and the input and output system of the millimeter wave helix traveling wave tube at 32GHz is designed and optimized. The influence of the input and output system on the transmission performance is analyzed, which provides a reference for the design and development of the millimeter wave traveling wave tube input and output system. The main work and innovation are as follows: 1. Two fast design methods of typical coaxial window are proposed. One design method is based on the equivalent circuit model. The initial size of the coaxial window is calculated according to the reflection equal to zero at the center frequency of the coaxial window, which is a global matching for the whole window structure. The second design method is to calculate the initial size of the coaxial window by making the input admittance at the plane of the window plate equal to the characteristic admittance of the window plate. It is a local matching method to ensure that the electromagnetic wave in the window plate is a traveling wave. The two methods are used to design the coaxial window. The correctness of the two design methods is proved by comparing the theoretical value with the experimental value. It provides a reference for the fast design of coaxial window in the future, and compares the correctness and applicability of the two formulas for calculating step capacitance. Where the coaxial radius is not continuous, the equivalent circuit can be equivalent to a step capacitance. In this paper, two calculation methods of step capacitance are compared. For the same coaxial ladder, the calculated capacitance between the two is quite different. However, when they are applied to the design of the same window, the design results (the size and transmission characteristics of the window) are almost the same. In this paper, the connection between the slow wave structure and the input and output window is divided into two sections and four impedance matchers. In order to reduce the discontinuous reactance, the inner conductor structure of the impedance matcher is optimized as a linear gradient type in view of the difference between the radius of the conductor in the coaxial window and the radius of the outer circle of the helical section. Through the simulation of the whole transistor, the structure of the impedance matcher is improved to optimize the transmission performance of the whole input and output system. The influence of the key parameters of the input and output system on the transmission performance is analyzed. In this paper, the key parameters, such as the number of helix coils, the tensile pitch value, the longitudinal extension position of the clamping rod, the external radius of the impedance matcher, the structure of the connecting metal body, the size of the window piece, the height of the upper and lower air column of the window piece, etc. The relationship between the size of the parameters and the transmission performance of the input and output systems is obtained. Finally, a 32GHz / 36GHz millimeter-wave TWT input and output system is optimized. The standing wave coefficient is less than 1.42 in the whole operating frequency band, and the transmission performance is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN124

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