本文關(guān)鍵詞： 微光夜視 性能模型 直視 電視 MTF MRC 視距估算 仿真　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微光夜視技術(shù)作為當(dāng)今主要的夜視技術(shù)手段,在軍用和民用方面都有著極為重要的作用,成為各國(guó)競(jìng)相發(fā)展和裝備的光電成像技術(shù)。在對(duì)微光成像系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的過程當(dāng)中,設(shè)計(jì)者總是希望設(shè)計(jì)出來的系統(tǒng)能夠具有盡可能高的綜合性能優(yōu)勢(shì)。描述微光成像系統(tǒng)性能的主要參數(shù)除極限分辨率、調(diào)制傳遞函(MTF)、信噪比和微光成像系統(tǒng)作用距離等外,近年來最小可分辨對(duì)比度(MRC)等一些新的性能參數(shù)也被認(rèn)為是有效的評(píng)價(jià)方法。因此,對(duì)調(diào)制傳遞函(MTF)、最小可分辨對(duì)比度(MRC)和微光成像系統(tǒng)作用距離模型進(jìn)行研究對(duì)微光成像系統(tǒng)的性能理論評(píng)價(jià)具有著重要意義。目前雖然對(duì)微光夜視系統(tǒng)性能評(píng)價(jià)模型的研究取得了明顯進(jìn)展,但是在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中相關(guān)的研制單位和個(gè)人或因?yàn)閷?duì)模型的了解不足,或因?yàn)槿狈y(tǒng)一的評(píng)價(jià)工具,使得在一些微光夜視系統(tǒng)的論證和分析中,或仍采用早期簡(jiǎn)單適合手工計(jì)算的模型,或采用的計(jì)算模型不一致,往往使得論證和分析結(jié)果不統(tǒng)一,準(zhǔn)確性差異較大,對(duì)實(shí)際評(píng)價(jià)產(chǎn)生不利影響。為了解決這一問題,本文分別對(duì)直視型微光夜視系統(tǒng)及電視型微光夜視系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了微光成像系統(tǒng)性能模型的研究。1)從微光夜視系統(tǒng)的光學(xué)傳遞函數(shù)(MTF)入手,分析了超二代與超三代像增強(qiáng)器傳遞特性(MTF)的差異,得出熒光屏MTF已漸成為影響像增強(qiáng)器MTF及其極限分辨率的主要因素;2)分析比較了已有基于人眼的最小可分辨對(duì)比度模型(MRC),得出了更為完善的MRC模型;3)通過對(duì)微光成像系統(tǒng)的整個(gè)成像過程的研究,綜合考慮了影響其成像質(zhì)量的因素,從而完善了基于MRC的作用距離模型;4)結(jié)合Visual C++對(duì)微光夜視性能模型進(jìn)行了仿真。同時(shí)收集了國(guó)內(nèi)外各代像增強(qiáng)器的參數(shù),初步建立了比較完整的、便于操作的像管數(shù)據(jù)庫。最后根據(jù)已有實(shí)際微光夜視系統(tǒng)性能參數(shù),使用此仿真軟件進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證計(jì)算,通過對(duì)計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)的比較分析,證實(shí)了仿真軟件可以用于工程實(shí)踐。
[Abstract]:As the main night-vision technology, LLL night vision plays an important role in both military and civil fields. In the process of designing the LLL imaging system, it has become the photovoltaic imaging technology which has been developed and equipped by many countries. Designers always hope that the designed system can have the highest comprehensive performance advantage. The main parameters of the LLL imaging system are except the limit resolution and the modulation transfer function (MTF). In recent years, some new performance parameters, such as minimum resolution contrast (MRC), etc., have been considered as effective evaluation methods in addition to the SNR and the operating range of the LLL imaging system. Therefore, MTF (modulation transfer function) is considered as an effective method. Minimum discernible contrast (MRC). The study of the LLL imaging system operating range model is of great significance to the theoretical evaluation of the LLL imaging system, although the research on the LLL night vision system performance evaluation model has made significant progress. But in the practical application of the relevant research and development units and individuals, or because of lack of understanding of the model, or because of the lack of a unified evaluation tools, make in some LLL night vision system demonstration and analysis. Either the early simple model suitable for manual calculation, or the inconsistent calculation model, often make the demonstration and analysis results are not uniform, and the accuracy of the model is quite different. Have a negative impact on actual evaluations... in order to address this issue. In this paper, the performance model of the LLL imaging system is studied, which is based on the optical transfer function (MTF) of the LLL night vision system and the TV LLL night vision system. The difference between the transfer characteristics of the super-second generation image intensifier and that of the super third generation image intensifier is analyzed. It is concluded that the fluorescent screen MTF has gradually become the main factor affecting the image intensifier MTF and its limit resolution. 2) A more perfect MRC model is obtained by comparing the existing minimum resolution contrast models based on human eyes. 3) through the study of the whole imaging process of LLL imaging system, the factors affecting the imaging quality of LLL imaging system are considered synthetically, and the action distance model based on MRC is improved. 4) combining with Visual C, the performance model of LLL night vision is simulated. At the same time, the parameters of each generation image intensifier at home and abroad are collected, and a relatively complete model is established. Finally, according to the actual LLL night vision system performance parameters, the simulation software is used to verify the calculation, through the comparative analysis of the calculated data. It is proved that the simulation software can be used in engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN223

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