可控硅數(shù)字觸發(fā)控制器的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-29 16:45
【摘要】：可控硅是可控整流電路中一類常用的、具有開關(guān)功能的半導體器件,廣泛應(yīng)用于大容量的可控整流系統(tǒng)�？煽毓栌|發(fā)控制器產(chǎn)生控制可控硅導通的觸發(fā)脈沖,是可控硅整流系統(tǒng)的控制中樞,其控制的性能直接關(guān)系到可控整流系統(tǒng)的性能。目前,比較常用的是模擬觸發(fā)控制器,但由于其存在抗干擾能力弱、控制精度不高、觸發(fā)脈沖對稱性差、控制功能單一等方面的不足,已經(jīng)不能滿足整流系統(tǒng)日益變化與不斷完善的應(yīng)用需求。數(shù)字集成電路的發(fā)展使得數(shù)字控制技術(shù)在可控硅觸發(fā)控制器中得到廣泛應(yīng)用,在一定程度上克服了模擬觸發(fā)控制器的不足。隨著可控整流系統(tǒng)對可控硅觸發(fā)控制器的要求不斷提高,高性能的觸發(fā)控制器的研制勢在必行。所謂的高性能主要體現(xiàn)在三個方面:一是支持遠程監(jiān)控,具有多設(shè)備組網(wǎng)支持;二是控制器響應(yīng)速度快;三是智能化,能夠自動適應(yīng)各種工作環(huán)境。本課題在研究以可控硅為開關(guān)器件的三相全控橋式整流電路的基礎(chǔ)上,給出了一種高性能數(shù)字式可控硅控制器的設(shè)計方案,完成了原型控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。論文首先詳細介紹了可控硅器件的原理、特性以及導通條件等相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ),闡述了其在全控整流電路中的具體應(yīng)用。針對以可控硅為核心控制器件的三相全控橋式整流電路,具體分析了電路的結(jié)構(gòu)、工作特性、觸發(fā)方式等,并對應(yīng)用需求進行了詳細的分析。結(jié)合詳細的系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用需求,給出了一種以FPGA作為核心控制單元的數(shù)字式移相觸發(fā)控制器設(shè)計方案,完成了反饋采樣電路、脈沖驅(qū)動電路、人機交互接口電路、鑒相電路等主要模塊的硬件電路設(shè)計。本文實現(xiàn)的數(shù)字控制器具有硬件電路簡單、操作方便、能夠獨立運行等特點。同時,為提高控制器的可擴展性,方便主控系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)組網(wǎng)控制與監(jiān)測,給出了以ARM處理芯片構(gòu)建通信模塊的設(shè)計方案。通信模塊主要負責向上層主控系統(tǒng)提供各種常用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信接口。其次,在完成了控制器硬件電路的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細介紹了FPGA內(nèi)部控制邏輯的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)方法。主要介紹的模塊包括:主控模塊、UART通信模塊、鑒相脈沖處理模塊、脈沖生成模塊、人機界面控制模塊、EPROM讀寫控制模塊、反饋數(shù)據(jù)讀取模塊。針對每個模塊的功能、設(shè)計思想以及實現(xiàn)方法進行了詳細的描述。最后,研究并實現(xiàn)了自動控制過程中常用的PID控制算法。在簡單介紹了模擬PID控制器與數(shù)字PID控制器的基本原理以及兩者的差異后,將PID控制算法與神經(jīng)元學習相結(jié)合,給出了一種單神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng)PID控制算法。該PID控制算法能夠?qū)崟r自整定PID控制參數(shù),具有控制超調(diào)量小、精度高、調(diào)節(jié)速度快等優(yōu)點。結(jié)合單神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng)PID控制算法的計算過程,詳細介紹了算法在FPGA內(nèi)部控制邏輯的實現(xiàn)方法。
[Abstract]:Thyristor is a kind of semiconductor device with switching function, which is commonly used in controllable rectifier circuit. It is widely used in large capacity controllable rectifier system. The thyristor trigger controller produces the trigger pulse to control the thyristor conduction, which is the control center of the thyristor rectifier system. The control performance of the thyristor trigger controller is directly related to the performance of the controllable rectifier system. At present, analog trigger controller is more commonly used, but because of its weak anti-interference ability, low control accuracy, poor trigger pulse symmetry, single control function and so on, it can not meet the changing and improving application requirements of rectifier system. With the development of digital integrated circuit, digital control technology has been widely used in thyristor trigger controller, which has overcome the shortcomings of analog trigger controller to a certain extent. With the increasing requirements of thyristor trigger controller in controllable rectifier system, the development of high performance trigger controller is imperative. The so-called high performance is mainly reflected in three aspects: one is to support remote monitoring, with multi-device networking support; the other is the fast response speed of the controller; and the third is intelligent, which can automatically adapt to various working environments. On the basis of studying the three-phase fully controlled bridge rectifier circuit with thyristor as switching device, this paper presents a design scheme of high performance digital thyristor controller, and completes the design of prototype control system. Firstly, the principle, characteristics and conduction conditions of thyristor devices are introduced in detail, and its application in fully controlled rectifier circuits is described. Aiming at the three-phase fully controlled bridge rectifier circuit with thyristor as the core control device, the structure, working characteristics and trigger mode of the circuit are analyzed in detail, and the application requirements are analyzed in detail. According to the detailed application requirements of the system, a design scheme of digital phase-shifting trigger controller with FPGA as the core control unit is presented, and the hardware circuit design of the main modules, such as feedback sampling circuit, pulse drive circuit, human-computer interaction interface circuit, phase discrimination circuit and so on, is completed. The digital controller implemented in this paper has the characteristics of simple hardware circuit, convenient operation and independent operation. At the same time, in order to improve the expansibility of the controller and facilitate the main control system to realize the network control and monitoring, the design scheme of constructing the communication module with ARM processing chip is given. The communication module is mainly responsible for providing a variety of common network communication interfaces to the upper main control system. Secondly, on the basis of completing the hardware circuit of the controller, the design and implementation of FPGA internal control logic are introduced in detail. The main modules include: main control module, UART communication module, phase discrimination pulse processing module, pulse generation module, man-machine interface control module, EPROM reading and writing control module, feedback data reading module. The function, design idea and implementation method of each module are described in detail. Finally, the PID control algorithm commonly used in the automatic control process is studied and implemented. After briefly introducing the basic principle of analog PID controller and digital PID controller and the difference between them, a single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm is proposed by combining PID control algorithm with neuron learning. The PID control algorithm can self-adjust the PID control parameters in real time, and has the advantages of small overshoot, high precision and fast adjustment speed. Combined with the calculation process of single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm, the implementation method of the algorithm in FPGA internal control logic is introduced in detail.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM571
本文編號：2507962
[Abstract]:Thyristor is a kind of semiconductor device with switching function, which is commonly used in controllable rectifier circuit. It is widely used in large capacity controllable rectifier system. The thyristor trigger controller produces the trigger pulse to control the thyristor conduction, which is the control center of the thyristor rectifier system. The control performance of the thyristor trigger controller is directly related to the performance of the controllable rectifier system. At present, analog trigger controller is more commonly used, but because of its weak anti-interference ability, low control accuracy, poor trigger pulse symmetry, single control function and so on, it can not meet the changing and improving application requirements of rectifier system. With the development of digital integrated circuit, digital control technology has been widely used in thyristor trigger controller, which has overcome the shortcomings of analog trigger controller to a certain extent. With the increasing requirements of thyristor trigger controller in controllable rectifier system, the development of high performance trigger controller is imperative. The so-called high performance is mainly reflected in three aspects: one is to support remote monitoring, with multi-device networking support; the other is the fast response speed of the controller; and the third is intelligent, which can automatically adapt to various working environments. On the basis of studying the three-phase fully controlled bridge rectifier circuit with thyristor as switching device, this paper presents a design scheme of high performance digital thyristor controller, and completes the design of prototype control system. Firstly, the principle, characteristics and conduction conditions of thyristor devices are introduced in detail, and its application in fully controlled rectifier circuits is described. Aiming at the three-phase fully controlled bridge rectifier circuit with thyristor as the core control device, the structure, working characteristics and trigger mode of the circuit are analyzed in detail, and the application requirements are analyzed in detail. According to the detailed application requirements of the system, a design scheme of digital phase-shifting trigger controller with FPGA as the core control unit is presented, and the hardware circuit design of the main modules, such as feedback sampling circuit, pulse drive circuit, human-computer interaction interface circuit, phase discrimination circuit and so on, is completed. The digital controller implemented in this paper has the characteristics of simple hardware circuit, convenient operation and independent operation. At the same time, in order to improve the expansibility of the controller and facilitate the main control system to realize the network control and monitoring, the design scheme of constructing the communication module with ARM processing chip is given. The communication module is mainly responsible for providing a variety of common network communication interfaces to the upper main control system. Secondly, on the basis of completing the hardware circuit of the controller, the design and implementation of FPGA internal control logic are introduced in detail. The main modules include: main control module, UART communication module, phase discrimination pulse processing module, pulse generation module, man-machine interface control module, EPROM reading and writing control module, feedback data reading module. The function, design idea and implementation method of each module are described in detail. Finally, the PID control algorithm commonly used in the automatic control process is studied and implemented. After briefly introducing the basic principle of analog PID controller and digital PID controller and the difference between them, a single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm is proposed by combining PID control algorithm with neuron learning. The PID control algorithm can self-adjust the PID control parameters in real time, and has the advantages of small overshoot, high precision and fast adjustment speed. Combined with the calculation process of single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm, the implementation method of the algorithm in FPGA internal control logic is introduced in detail.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM571
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 林燕;;晶閘管軟起動的原理及應(yīng)用[J];電器工業(yè);2010年08期
，本文編號：2507962
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