【摘要】：風(fēng)力發(fā)電是將風(fēng)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的一種無一次能源消耗的發(fā)電方式。由于其具有清潔、高效、可再生的特點(diǎn),廣泛應(yīng)用于風(fēng)資源豐富的地區(qū),為解決偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的供電問題和節(jié)能減排起到了重要的作用。然而由于風(fēng)電機(jī)組的輸出功率是由風(fēng)輪捕獲的風(fēng)功率所決定的,且風(fēng)功率具有非周期性波動的特點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致風(fēng)電機(jī)組的輸出功率也呈現(xiàn)非周期性波動的特點(diǎn)。這種不穩(wěn)定的功率注入電網(wǎng)后會影響電網(wǎng)的電能質(zhì)量,從而引起電壓波動與閃變。本文對風(fēng)電機(jī)組并網(wǎng)引起的電壓波動與閃變進(jìn)行了建模研究,并研究了風(fēng)電機(jī)組并網(wǎng)引起的電壓波動與閃變的測量與估算方法,提出了一種優(yōu)化后的估算方法。在文章的最后提出了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)并網(wǎng)引起的電壓波動與閃變的抑制方法。主要研究內(nèi)容包括： (1)在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真軟件中建立風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組并網(wǎng)模型,其中包括：風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組模塊,升壓變壓器,輸電線路,降壓變壓器,負(fù)荷等；本文第三章中第3節(jié)和第4節(jié)介紹并建立IEC閃變儀仿真模型。隨后在IEC閃變儀原理的基礎(chǔ)上對其進(jìn)行了簡化：采用快速傅里葉變換的方法代替IEC閃變儀濾波器環(huán)節(jié),形成新的離散化閃變值計算方法,并利用IEC單位閃變曲線對該方法進(jìn)行校驗(yàn),經(jīng)驗(yàn)證該方法有較好的測量精確度。 (2)第三章第5節(jié)對評估電壓波動與閃變嚴(yán)重程度的指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了研究。通過對比不同電壓信號引起的電壓閃變值在兩種評價指標(biāo)Pst和AV10下的實(shí)際測量值,研究確定兩種評價指標(biāo)之間的統(tǒng)一轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)。最終結(jié)果表明該參數(shù)隨電壓信號的改變而改變。 (3)本文第四章研究了IEC61400-21介紹的工程計算閃變的方法,提出一種優(yōu)化的工程算法,將風(fēng)剪切和塔影效應(yīng)的影響加入原有的計算方法中,使計算結(jié)果更接近測量值。 (4)在文章的最后一章提出了一種基于FBD電流檢測法采用滯環(huán)電流控制的帶有電池儲能的STATCOM裝置的控制策略,對風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組并網(wǎng)引起的電壓閃變問題進(jìn)行抑制,并達(dá)到電壓閃變與諧波的綜合抑制作用。最終利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真軟件驗(yàn)證其有效性。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation is a non-primary energy-consuming way to convert wind energy into electric energy. Because of its clean, efficient and renewable characteristics, it is widely used in areas rich in wind resources, and plays an important role in solving the power supply problem and energy saving and emission reduction in remote areas. However, the output power of the wind turbine is determined by the wind power captured by the wind turbine, and the wind power has the characteristics of non-periodic fluctuation, which leads to the non-periodic fluctuation of the output power of the wind turbine. After the unstable power is injected into the power grid, the power quality of the power network will be affected, thus causing the voltage fluctuation and flicker. In this paper, the model of voltage fluctuation and flicker caused by grid connection of wind turbine is studied, and the measurement and estimation method of voltage fluctuation and flicker caused by grid connection of wind turbine is studied, and an optimized estimation method is put forward. At the end of the paper, the suppression method of voltage fluctuation and flicker caused by grid connection of wind turbine is put forward. The main research contents are as follows: (1) establish the grid-connected model of wind turbine in PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software, including: wind turbine module, step-up transformer, transmission line, step-down transformer, load and so on; In chapter 3 and 4 of this paper, the simulation model of IEC flicker is introduced and established. Then it is simplified on the basis of the principle of IEC flicker: the fast Fourier transform method is used instead of the filter link of IEC flicker to form a new method to calculate the discrete flicker value. The IEC unit flicker curve is used to verify the method, and it is verified that the method has a good measurement accuracy. (2) in chapter 3, section 5, the index to assess the severity of voltage fluctuation and flicker is studied. By comparing the actual measurement values of voltage flicker caused by different voltage signals under two evaluation indexes, Pst and AV10, the uniform conversion parameters between the two evaluation indexes are studied and determined. The final results show that the parameter changes with the change of voltage signal. (3) in the fourth chapter of this paper, the method of engineering calculation flicker introduced by IEC61400-21 is studied, and an optimized engineering algorithm is proposed. The influence of wind shear and tower shadow effect is added to the original calculation method, so that the calculated results are closer to the measured values. (4) in the last chapter of the paper, a control strategy based on FBD current detection method and hysteresis current control for STATCOM device with battery energy storage is proposed to suppress the voltage flicker caused by wind turbine grid connection. And achieve the comprehensive suppression of voltage flicker and harmonic. Finally, PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software is used to verify its effectiveness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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