【摘要】：日益嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染導(dǎo)致氣候的惡劣變化讓人們深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。采用化石能源的傳統(tǒng)汽車所排放尾氣對(duì)環(huán)境有極大的危害因此備受爭(zhēng)議，節(jié)能減排的燃料汽車、電動(dòng)汽車（Electric Vehicle，EV）和混合動(dòng)力電動(dòng)汽車（HybridElectric Vehicles，HEV）因具有較高的性能、較低的排放和續(xù)駛里程長(zhǎng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)受到世人的青睞，得到了快速發(fā)展。動(dòng)力蓄電池是HEV和EV的動(dòng)力源，動(dòng)力蓄電池充電技術(shù)對(duì)HEV和EV的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展非常重要，因而也成為清潔能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)中的一個(gè)研究熱點(diǎn)。 蓄電池在充電過(guò)程中存在著極化現(xiàn)象，極化現(xiàn)象對(duì)蓄電池快速充電的效率、時(shí)間、溫度以及蓄電池循環(huán)充電壽命有著較大影響，傳統(tǒng)的快速充電方法在一定程度上提高了蓄電池的充電速度，但這些方法不能針對(duì)不同工作需要進(jìn)行工作模式切換，消除極化的效果不夠明顯，因此，需要的充電時(shí)間相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)、能源利用率較低，對(duì)蓄電池?fù)p害也較大，導(dǎo)致能源的缺失和環(huán)境的污染。本文在研究傳統(tǒng)快速充電方法的基礎(chǔ)之上，對(duì)其進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，提出間歇-正負(fù)脈沖充電方法對(duì)蓄電池進(jìn)行快速充電。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 1、本文選擇鋰離子電池為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)鋰離子電池的工作原理、特性以及充電過(guò)程中的極化現(xiàn)象的分析，并重點(diǎn)分析了極化現(xiàn)象對(duì)鋰離子電池充電的影響。 2、在對(duì)傳統(tǒng)快速充電方法的研究基礎(chǔ)之上，比較極化問(wèn)題的解決方法，對(duì)去極化措施進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，，提出間歇-正負(fù)脈沖充電方法，通過(guò)判斷鋰離子電池在充電過(guò)程中的不同狀況，選擇合適的充電電流，同時(shí)適時(shí)的加入間歇和負(fù)脈沖對(duì)其進(jìn)行去極化。 3、研究如何確定極化程度以及消除極化的方法。本文通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)模糊控制器1、模糊控制器2，分別確定去極化給定時(shí)間以及去極化負(fù)脈沖寬度，使充電過(guò)程一直處于最佳狀態(tài)下。并對(duì)間歇-正負(fù)脈沖的充電方法進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，通過(guò)分析結(jié)果表明，該方法能有效的提高充電效率，縮短充電時(shí)間。 4、設(shè)計(jì)鋰離子電池快速充電系統(tǒng)的部分硬件電路以及軟件流程圖，并對(duì)快速充電系統(tǒng)功能進(jìn)行測(cè)試。 本文研究的快速充電方法，適合于HEV、EV、電動(dòng)助力自行車以及使用動(dòng)力電池作為儲(chǔ)能裝置的二次電源等場(chǎng)合。
[Abstract]:Increasingly serious environmental pollution leads to bad climate change, which makes people realize the importance of protecting the environment deeply. The exhaust gas from traditional automobile with fossil energy has great harm to the environment, so it is controversial that fuel vehicle, electric vehicle (Electric Vehicle,EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HybridElectric Vehicles,HEV) with energy saving and emission reduction have high performance. The advantages of low emission and long driving mileage have been favored by the world and developed rapidly. Power battery is the power source of HEV and EV. The charging technology of power battery is very important to the application and development of HEV and EV, so it has become a research hotspot in clean energy automobile industry. Polarization phenomenon exists in the process of battery charging. Polarization phenomenon has a great influence on the efficiency, time, temperature and cycle charging life of the battery, and the polarization phenomenon has a great influence on the efficiency, time, temperature and cycle life of the battery. The traditional fast charging method improves the charging speed of the battery to a certain extent, but these methods can not change the working mode according to the different working needs, and the effect of depolarization is not obvious enough, so the effect of depolarization is not obvious. The charging time required is relatively long, the energy efficiency is low, and the battery is damaged greatly, which leads to the lack of energy and the pollution of the environment. Based on the study of the traditional fast charging method, this paper proposes the intermittent-positive-negative pulse charging method for the rapid charging of the battery. The specific research contents are as follows: 1. In this paper, Li-ion battery is selected as the research object, and the working principle, characteristics and polarization phenomenon of lithium-ion battery are analyzed. The effect of polarization on the charge of Li-ion battery is analyzed. 2. Based on the research of the traditional fast charging method, the solution of polarization problem is compared, and the depolarization method is improved, and the intermittent-positive-negative pulse charging method is put forward. By judging the different conditions of lithium-ion battery in the process of charging, the appropriate charging current is selected and the intermittent and negative pulses are added to depolarize the lithium-ion battery at the same time. Thirdly, how to determine the degree of polarization and the method of depolarization are studied. In this paper, the fuzzy controller 1 and the fuzzy controller 2 are designed to determine the given time of depolarization and the negative pulse width of depolarization respectively, so that the charging process is always in the optimal state. The experimental results of the intermittent-positive-negative pulse charging method show that the method can effectively improve the charging efficiency and shorten the charging time. 4. The hardware circuit and software flow chart of the fast charging system of lithium ion battery are designed, and the function of the fast charging system is tested. The fast charging method studied in this paper is suitable for the HEV,EV, electric power bicycle and the secondary power supply using the power battery as the energy storage device and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM912

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