【摘要】：懸臂型壓電發(fā)電裝置能夠直接將機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換成電能,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、加工方便、轉(zhuǎn)換效率高等優(yōu)勢(shì)。該發(fā)電裝置在諧振條件下能夠產(chǎn)生很高的輸出電壓。其固有頻率與材料的尺寸和力學(xué)性量切相關(guān);合適的外加負(fù)載其能夠產(chǎn)生較大的能量輸出。所以研究此類發(fā)電裝置的固有頻率與能量輸出對(duì)于提高發(fā)電能力具有重要意義。本文以正壓電效應(yīng)為基礎(chǔ),基于壓電振子的振動(dòng)模式,支撐方式等條件,建立了壓電發(fā)電理論模型。將壓電陶瓷PZT-5H制作成不同尺寸的壓電振子。分別選擇不同厚度的黃銅片、鋁合金、不銹鋼作為金屬基片。以環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂E51與胺類固化劑W93混合物作為粘合劑。對(duì)懸臂型壓電發(fā)電裝置進(jìn)行固有頻率和能量輸出的測(cè)試。結(jié)合理論模型與試驗(yàn)分析,從壓電振子尺寸、金屬基片尺寸、金屬基片的種類三個(gè)主要影響因素出發(fā),分析了不同條件下固有頻率的變化規(guī)律,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)固有頻率隨壓電振子與金屬材料長(zhǎng)度的增加而降低,隨材料厚度的增加而線性升高;當(dāng)金屬基片種類發(fā)生改變化時(shí),固有頻率隨金屬基片剛度系數(shù)的增加呈現(xiàn)遞增的關(guān)系。該結(jié)論與理論推導(dǎo)的結(jié)果基本一致。驗(yàn)證了理論的準(zhǔn)確性,并據(jù)此總結(jié)出固有頻率隨結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的變化規(guī)律。為優(yōu)化懸臂型壓電發(fā)電裝置結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸提供了依據(jù)。能量輸出實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),輸出電壓隨頻率的變化呈現(xiàn)先升高后降低的變化趨勢(shì),通過(guò)該變化趨勢(shì)可以判斷固有頻率的大小。針對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,總結(jié)發(fā)電裝置的尺寸對(duì)發(fā)電能力的影響。將合適的負(fù)載阻抗接入測(cè)試電路,結(jié)果表明此發(fā)電裝置符合電路分壓特性,從功率隨負(fù)載的變化關(guān)系可以明顯看出,合適的負(fù)載阻抗能夠使輸出功率明顯提高。
[Abstract]:Cantilever piezoelectric power generation device can directly convert mechanical energy into electric energy, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing and high conversion efficiency. The generator can produce high output voltage under resonant condition. The natural frequency is related to the size and mechanical properties of the material, and the proper external loading can produce large energy output. Therefore, it is very important to study the natural frequency and energy output of this kind of power generation device. Based on the positive piezoelectric effect, the theoretical model of piezoelectric power generation is established based on the vibration mode and supporting mode of piezoelectric oscillator. The piezoelectric ceramic PZT-5H is fabricated into piezoelectric oscillators of different sizes. Different thickness brass sheet, aluminum alloy, stainless steel as metal substrate. The mixture of epoxy resin E51 and amine curing agent W93 was used as binder. The natural frequency and energy output of cantilever piezoelectric generator are measured. Based on the theoretical model and experimental analysis, the variation of natural frequency under different conditions is analyzed according to the three main influencing factors: the size of piezoelectric vibrator and the type of metal substrate. It is found that the natural frequency decreases with the increase of piezoelectric oscillator and metal material length, and increases linearly with the increase of material thickness. When the type of metal substrate changes, the natural frequency increases with the increase of the stiffness coefficient of metal substrate. The conclusion is basically consistent with the theoretical results. The accuracy of the theory is verified and the variation of the natural frequency with the structure size is summarized. It provides the basis for optimizing the structure size of cantilever piezoelectric power generation device. The results of energy output experiments show that the output voltage increases first and then decreases with the change of frequency, and the magnitude of natural frequency can be judged by this trend. Based on the experimental study of the structure size, the influence of the size of the generator on the power generation capacity is summarized. The appropriate load impedance is connected to the test circuit. The results show that the power generation device accords with the circuit voltage characteristics. It is obvious from the relationship between the power and the load that the output power can be improved obviously by the appropriate load impedance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM619

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

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2 霍曉青;懸臂型壓電能量采集器固有頻率和能量輸出特性研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：2400706