【摘要】：隨著世界各國越來越重視對(duì)可再生能源的應(yīng)用,特別是在全球能源危機(jī)、資源緊缺、環(huán)境污染等問題出現(xiàn)時(shí),風(fēng)力發(fā)電將會(huì)得到空前發(fā)展。眾所周知,風(fēng)力發(fā)電清潔無污染,施工建成短,占地面積小,投資比較靈活,具有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)意義。正是在這種具有很大利用前景的條件下,各國都加大了對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電的投入,包括大量資金的投入、技術(shù)人員的培養(yǎng)以及各級(jí)政府的鼓勵(lì)和相關(guān)政策的實(shí)施,風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)得到空前提高,發(fā)電設(shè)備也越來越符合質(zhì)量要求。在當(dāng)今的風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)中,變頻恒速的雙饋感應(yīng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)是其中一主要發(fā)展方向。隨著單機(jī)容量的不斷增大,總裝機(jī)容量規(guī)模也越來越大,從而對(duì)并網(wǎng)的技術(shù)要求也越來越嚴(yán)格。本文主要立足于理論分析,在建立各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)仿真模型后,通過matlab仿真分析其運(yùn)行時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)的可行性。本文首先介紹了風(fēng)力發(fā)電在我國的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)及現(xiàn)狀,研究了其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,概述了本文研究的內(nèi)容;然后對(duì)雙饋感應(yīng)電機(jī)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了闡述,分別對(duì)其各個(gè)組成部分進(jìn)行了分析,先對(duì)風(fēng)速主要四種關(guān)系式進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的描述,包括基本風(fēng)、隨機(jī)風(fēng)、陣風(fēng)以及階躍風(fēng),分別介紹了四種風(fēng)速類型的基本形成原理以及相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式,并通過建模仿真確定了其準(zhǔn)確性;然后闡述了風(fēng)力機(jī)的運(yùn)行原理,即將風(fēng)能轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種形式的機(jī)械能的旋轉(zhuǎn)裝置,其輸入的是風(fēng)速作用于葉片產(chǎn)生的機(jī)械能,從而輸出機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)矩,利用數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系式建立了仿真模型;接下來對(duì)雙饋電機(jī)的發(fā)電原理進(jìn)行了理論分析,在空載并網(wǎng)前,雙饋電機(jī)定子繞組通過并網(wǎng)開關(guān)直接與電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)相連,轉(zhuǎn)子繞組則通過雙向電壓變頻器實(shí)現(xiàn)與電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量相互流通,通過坐標(biāo)變換得到了雙饋電機(jī)在同步旋轉(zhuǎn)速度dq坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型,同時(shí)再加上一定的控制策略,本文主要應(yīng)用基于定子磁鏈定向的矢量控制,對(duì)其功率進(jìn)行解耦控制,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定。通過對(duì)上述介紹的各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)建模,在matlab的simulink中實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)其并網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型的建立以及沒有矢量控制系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,在設(shè)定好各個(gè)參數(shù)值后,得到了所要研究的仿真曲線;通過對(duì)仿真曲線的分析,在包含矢量控制模型時(shí),雙饋電機(jī)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的輸出功率能很好的追蹤轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速,跟隨轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速的變化而變化,而且同時(shí)驗(yàn)證了風(fēng)能利用系數(shù)與風(fēng)力機(jī)輸出機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)矩的關(guān)系。通過分析研究表明,雙饋感應(yīng)電機(jī)在運(yùn)行時(shí)通過矢量控制技術(shù)能維持很好的輸出效果,通過與不存在控制系統(tǒng)的仿真模型曲線對(duì)比可以看出,矢量控制技術(shù)在控制系統(tǒng)中能得到一定程度的效用,從而驗(yàn)證了控制系統(tǒng)的合理性。
[Abstract]:With more and more attention paid to the application of renewable energy in the world, especially in the global energy crisis, resource shortage, environmental pollution and other problems, wind power generation will be unprecedented development. As we all know, wind power generation is clean and pollution-free, short construction, small area, flexible investment, and has certain economic benefits and social significance. It is under such conditions that there is a great potential for utilization that countries have increased their investment in wind power generation, including the investment of a large number of funds, the training of technical personnel, the encouragement of governments at all levels and the implementation of related policies. Wind power generation technology has been unprecedented improvement, power generation equipment is more and more in line with the quality requirements. In today's wind power generation technology, frequency conversion and constant speed doubly-fed induction generation system is one of the main development directions. With the increasing of single machine capacity, the total installed capacity is becoming larger and larger, so the technical requirements of grid-connected are becoming more and more strict. This paper is mainly based on theoretical analysis. After establishing the simulation models of each subsystem, the feasibility of its run-time control system is analyzed by matlab simulation. Firstly, this paper introduces the development trend and present situation of wind power generation in China, studies its practical significance, and summarizes the contents of this paper. Then, the structure of doubly-fed induction motor power generation system is described, and each component of the system is analyzed. Firstly, four main relations of wind speed are described, including basic wind, random wind, gust and step wind. The basic formation principle of four types of wind speed and the corresponding mathematical expressions are introduced respectively, and the accuracy is determined by modeling and simulation. Then the operating principle of the wind turbine is described, that is, the rotating device for converting wind energy into another form of mechanical energy, which inputs the mechanical energy generated by the wind speed acting on the blade, thereby outputting the mechanical torque. The simulation model is established by using mathematical relations. Then the theory of generating power is analyzed theoretically. Before no load is connected to the grid, the stator windings of the doubly-fed machine are connected directly to the power network through grid-connected switches. The rotor winding is circulated with the power network energy through the bi-directional voltage converter. The mathematical model of the double-fed machine in the synchronous rotation speed dq coordinate system is obtained by coordinate transformation, and a certain control strategy is added at the same time. In this paper, the stator flux oriented vector control is mainly used to decouple its power to achieve stability. Through the modeling of each subsystem mentioned above, the establishment of the grid-connected structure model and the simulation model without vector control system are realized in the simulink of matlab, and the simulation curves are obtained after setting the values of each parameter. Through the analysis of the simulation curve, when the vector control model is included, the output power of the doubly-fed generator can track the rotor speed well and change with the change of the rotor speed. At the same time, the relationship between the wind energy utilization coefficient and the output torque of the wind turbine is verified. Through analysis and research, it is shown that the doubly-fed induction motor can maintain a good output effect by vector control technology in operation, and can be seen by comparing with the simulation model curve of no control system. The vector control technology can get a certain degree of utility in the control system, which verifies the rationality of the control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614

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本文編號(hào)：2400274