【摘要】：火電廠在國家節(jié)能減排過程有著重要的意義。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)日新月異,國內(nèi)供熱機組容量越來越大型化,供熱技術(shù)模式也呈多樣化。傳統(tǒng)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)的抽凝供熱技術(shù)模式不能全部回收電廠的冷凝熱,利用吸收式熱泵的供熱技術(shù)可以進一步回收電廠的循環(huán)水余熱,在不擴大熱源規(guī)模的前提下增加供熱量,提高能源利用率。熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)過程中,抽凝機組耦合吸收式熱泵以及傳統(tǒng)的抽凝供熱模式都需要從汽輪機中低壓缸連通管抽汽,吸收式熱泵和抽凝供熱模式在同樣供熱環(huán)境下需要的抽汽壓力品位和抽汽量不同,因此合理確定這兩種供熱系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用條件對大型熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機組節(jié)能具有重要意義。 本文首先采用Ebsilon軟件對第一類溴化鋰吸收式熱泵與600MW火電廠熱力系統(tǒng)進行模擬,通過實際數(shù)據(jù)檢驗各自熱力系統(tǒng)的準(zhǔn)確性和適用性。其次在熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)總熱效率式的基礎(chǔ)上提出并定義當(dāng)量抽汽壓力概念,作為這兩種不同供熱模式的熱經(jīng)濟評價指標(biāo),通過大型熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機組耦合吸收式熱泵的變工況分析模型,揭示出熱網(wǎng)不同回水溫度和溫升條件下,單效溴化鋰吸收式熱泵設(shè)計條件下COP和驅(qū)動熱源壓力的變化規(guī)律；以200MW和300MW直接空冷機組作為案例,對吸收式熱泵供熱和抽凝供熱系統(tǒng)熱經(jīng)濟性進行分析,得出：300MW汽輪機因為中低壓缸分缸壓力在(0.4-1.0)MPa,采用吸收式熱泵技術(shù)供熱優(yōu)于抽凝供熱模式；而200MW額定抽汽壓力為0.25MPa,抽凝供熱反而優(yōu)于吸收式熱泵技術(shù)供熱模式。研究表明：可以依據(jù)當(dāng)量抽汽壓力為基準(zhǔn)判定不同供熱模式的經(jīng)濟性,為機組供熱改造模式的選取提供參考。
[Abstract]:Thermal power plants are of great significance in the process of national energy saving and emission reduction. With the rapid development of science and technology, the capacity of domestic heating units is becoming larger and larger. The traditional heat and power cogeneration condensate heating technology mode can not completely recover condensate heat from power plant. Using the heat supply technology of absorption heat pump can further recover the waste heat of circulating water in power plant, and increase the heat supply without enlarging the scale of heat source. Improve energy efficiency. In the cogeneration of heat and electricity, the coupling absorption heat pump of the condensing unit and the traditional condensing heating mode all need to extract steam from the connected tube of the middle and low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine. Absorption heat pump and condensate heating mode need different extraction pressure grade and extraction steam quantity in the same heating environment, so it is important to reasonably determine the application conditions of these two heating systems for the energy saving of large cogeneration units. In this paper, the first type of libr absorption heat pump and 600MW thermal power plant thermodynamic system are simulated by Ebsilon software. The accuracy and applicability of their respective thermal systems are verified by actual data. Secondly, on the basis of the total heat efficiency of cogeneration, the concept of equivalent extraction pressure is proposed and defined. As the thermal economic evaluation index of these two different heating modes, the off-condition analysis model of coupled absorption heat pump for large cogeneration units is presented. The variation of COP and driving heat source pressure under the conditions of different backwater temperature and temperature rise in heat network and single effect libr absorption heat pump are revealed. Taking 200MW and 300MW direct air cooling units as examples, the heat economy of absorption heat pump heating and condensing heating system is analyzed. It is concluded that the 300MW steam turbine has a cylinder separation pressure of (0.4-1.0) MPa, because of the middle and low pressure cylinder. The absorption heat pump technology is better than the condensate heating mode. However, the rated extraction pressure of 200MW is 0.25 MPA, which is better than the absorption heat pump technology. The results show that the economy of different heating modes can be judged based on the equivalent extraction pressure, which provides a reference for the selection of the heating transformation mode of the unit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM621

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