【摘要】：隨著能源危機(jī)和環(huán)保呼聲的高漲，太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電作為一種清潔、無(wú)污染的可再生資源受到越來(lái)越多人的關(guān)注。本文以獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電協(xié)調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)作為研究對(duì)象，提出一種新的控制方法——阻抗適配法。特點(diǎn)是通過(guò)對(duì)光伏電池等效內(nèi)外阻抗的適配控制，使光伏電池根據(jù)需要獲得連續(xù)的功率輸出。與傳統(tǒng)控制方法相比，阻抗適配法省去了協(xié)調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)中對(duì)工作模式的切換判斷邏輯，用一種控制結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)了最大功率跟蹤和負(fù)載功率跟蹤兩種控制功能。 首先，對(duì)光伏發(fā)電協(xié)調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析，給出光伏電池的等效電路模型、輸出特性仿真，并對(duì)儲(chǔ)能環(huán)節(jié)中的儲(chǔ)能元件超級(jí)電容進(jìn)行介紹。 其次，對(duì)阻抗適配法的工作原理進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述，介紹其在光伏發(fā)電協(xié)調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用，分析阻抗適配系數(shù)K對(duì)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性影響。為了最大化利用太陽(yáng)能，對(duì)阻抗適配系數(shù)K進(jìn)行合理設(shè)計(jì)，通過(guò)不同的積分強(qiáng)度使阻抗關(guān)系滿足匹配或適配，使光伏電池盡可能輸出大的功率。 接著，對(duì)協(xié)同控制系統(tǒng)中不同的工作模式進(jìn)行分析。根據(jù)控制要求，分別對(duì)單向變換器和雙向變換器設(shè)計(jì)不同的控制策略。由于系統(tǒng)中存在兩個(gè)變換器，為了減小彼此間的相互干擾，對(duì)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行分析，，設(shè)計(jì)出以雙向變化器為主要控制的協(xié)調(diào)控制方案。 最后，搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，給出主電路硬件設(shè)計(jì)、協(xié)調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)的控制流程。通過(guò)仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證所提控制法切實(shí)有效、可行。
[Abstract]:With the energy crisis and the rising demand for environmental protection, solar photovoltaic power generation as a clean, pollution-free renewable resources has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, a new control method, Impedance adaptation method, is proposed, in which the coordinated control system of independent photovoltaic power generation is taken as the research object. It is characterized by the adaptive control of the equivalent internal and external impedance of the photovoltaic cell, which enables the photovoltaic cell to obtain continuous power output according to the need. Compared with the traditional control method, the impedance adaptation method eliminates the switching and judging logic of the working mode in the coordinated control system, and realizes two control functions, maximum power tracking and load power tracking, using a control structure. Firstly, the research status of photovoltaic coordinated control system at home and abroad is analyzed, the equivalent circuit model of photovoltaic cell and output characteristic simulation are given, and the super capacitor of energy storage element is introduced. Secondly, the working principle of impedance adaptation method is described in detail, its application in photovoltaic coordinated control system is introduced, and the influence of impedance adaptation coefficient K on system stability is analyzed. In order to maximize the use of solar energy, the impedance adaptation coefficient K is designed reasonably, and the impedance relation is matched or adapted by different integral intensity, which makes the photovoltaic cell output as large power as possible. Then, the different working modes in the cooperative control system are analyzed. According to the control requirements, different control strategies are designed for unidirectional converters and bidirectional converters. Because there are two converters in the system, in order to reduce the mutual interference between each other, the stability of the system is analyzed, and a coordinated control scheme with bidirectional variator as the main control is designed. Finally, the experiment platform is built, the hardware design of the main circuit is given, and the control flow of the control system is coordinated. Simulation and experiments show that the proposed control method is effective and feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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