【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的大幅度發(fā)展,電網(wǎng)的規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,對(duì)電能的需求也不僅局限在數(shù)量上,對(duì)電能質(zhì)量的需求日益明顯,因此抽水蓄能電站在電力系統(tǒng)中的地位將越來(lái)越重要。為了充分發(fā)揮抽水蓄能機(jī)組的調(diào)峰、調(diào)頻能力,采用雙饋電機(jī)替代同步電機(jī),通過(guò)變頻器調(diào)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)子電壓的幅值、相位和頻率,可以快速調(diào)整機(jī)組的運(yùn)行狀態(tài),提高機(jī)組的效率,增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性。本文在分析雙饋電機(jī)基本理論的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其變頻器的控制策略進(jìn)行了深入研究,根據(jù)抽水蓄能機(jī)組的控制設(shè)計(jì)要求提出相應(yīng)的控制對(duì)策,在Matlab/Simulink仿真軟件上完成建模及仿真,驗(yàn)證控制方法的可行性。本文的研究成果有以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)分析了雙饋電機(jī)在不同運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下的功率流動(dòng)規(guī)律；分別建立a-b-c靜止坐標(biāo)系和同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的雙饋電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型。 (2)根據(jù)交-直-交變頻器的結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合矢量控制原理,推導(dǎo)出轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)有功無(wú)功控制、轉(zhuǎn)速無(wú)功控制和網(wǎng)側(cè)變頻器的解耦方程,分析了定子磁鏈的觀測(cè)方法,搭建出控制策略模型,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真軟件,建立4kW雙饋電機(jī)仿真模型,對(duì)功率變動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)整和定子電壓波動(dòng)情況進(jìn)行仿真。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了這兩種控制方法都可實(shí)現(xiàn)解耦控制,控制精度均在2%以內(nèi),可在0.01s內(nèi)快速響應(yīng)；與傳統(tǒng)電機(jī)相比在電網(wǎng)電壓波動(dòng)時(shí),可提高電機(jī)的穩(wěn)定性。 (3)通過(guò)仿真研究,確定發(fā)電工況采用功率優(yōu)先的控制方式,電動(dòng)工況采用優(yōu)先控制轉(zhuǎn)速的方式,以理想水泵水輪機(jī)的模型為基礎(chǔ),利用Matlab/Simulink建立250MW機(jī)組仿真模型,仿真分析功率變動(dòng)情況,結(jié)果表明機(jī)組在發(fā)電工況下通過(guò)消耗轉(zhuǎn)子的動(dòng)能可以在1s內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)組125MW有功功率；電動(dòng)工況下轉(zhuǎn)速的快速響應(yīng)也可使水泵的輸入有功功率在0.7s內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)125MW,并且在發(fā)電和電動(dòng)工況下可以跟蹤最優(yōu)效率轉(zhuǎn)速,使水泵水輪機(jī)始終運(yùn)行在效率最高點(diǎn)。為雙饋抽水蓄能機(jī)組的解耦控制提供了理論方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in our country, the scale of power grid is expanding, the demand for electric energy is not only limited in quantity, but also the demand for power quality is more and more obvious, so the status of pumped storage power station in power system will be more and more important. In order to give full play to the capacity of peak shaving and frequency modulation of pumped storage units, a doubly-fed machine is used to replace the synchronous motor. By adjusting the amplitude, phase and frequency of the rotor voltage by frequency converter, the operating state of the unit can be adjusted quickly and the efficiency of the unit can be improved. Enhance system stability. Based on the analysis of the basic theory of the doubly-fed machine, the control strategy of the converter is studied in this paper, and the corresponding control countermeasures are put forward according to the control design requirements of the pumped storage unit. The modeling and simulation are completed on the Matlab/Simulink simulation software to verify the feasibility of the control method. The research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the power flow law of the doubly-fed machine under different operating conditions is analyzed, and the mathematical models of the double-fed machine in the a-b-c stationary coordinate system and the synchronous rotating coordinate system are established respectively. (2) according to the structure of AC-DC-AC converter and the principle of vector control, the decoupling equations of rotor side active and reactive power control, rotational speed and reactive power control and grid side converter are derived, and the stator flux observation method is analyzed. The control strategy model is built, and the simulation model of 4kW doubly-fed machine is established by using Matlab/Simulink simulation software. The power change, speed adjustment and stator voltage fluctuation are simulated. The simulation results show that these two control methods can realize decoupling control, the control accuracy is less than 2%, and the control accuracy is within 0.01s, and the stability of the motor can be improved compared with the traditional motor when the voltage fluctuates in the power grid. (3) through the simulation research, it is determined that the power first control mode is adopted in the power generation condition, and the power priority control speed mode is adopted in the electric condition. Based on the ideal water pump turbine model, the simulation model of the 250MW unit is established by using Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the 125MW active power of the unit can be adjusted within 1 s by consuming the kinetic energy of the rotor. The rapid response of the rotational speed under the electric condition can also make the input active power of the pump adjust 125MWs within 0.7 s, and the optimal efficiency speed can be tracked under the power generation and electric conditions, so that the pump turbine can always run at the highest efficiency. It provides a theoretical method for decoupling control of doubly-fed pumped storage unit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV743;TV734

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