發(fā)布時間：2018-11-24 09:19

【摘要】：壓電陶瓷具有的正逆壓電效應(yīng)，使得壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動技術(shù)在近些年的微驅(qū)動定位領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。精密的微位移定位要求壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動器具有低紋波、高頻響和快速的動態(tài)響應(yīng)，因此壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動器的研究成為微位移定位系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵任務(wù)之一。目前市場上常見的壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動器大多采用線性電源驅(qū)動方式，普遍存在損耗大、體積大、功率低等問題，為克服上述缺陷并結(jié)合特定的壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動器要求，本文采用PWM驅(qū)動方式，提出了前級DC/DC升壓和后級DC/AC逆變的兩級式驅(qū)動方案，設(shè)計了帶有直流偏置可連續(xù)調(diào)頻調(diào)幅的正弦波壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動電源。 壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動器首先通過前級電路將直流30V~42V升壓至380V，逆變后產(chǎn)生峰值為300V的正弦波，再與前級輸出的隔離直流電壓相疊加產(chǎn)生帶直流偏置的正弦波。 針對電池供電系統(tǒng)，本文研究一種具有較高升壓比和低紋波輸入電流的升壓DC/DC變換器，該變換器基于交錯并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)和有源箝位電路，不僅可以吸收開關(guān)管關(guān)斷時變壓器漏感引起的電壓尖峰，而且能夠在寬范圍輸入電壓和負載變化情況下實現(xiàn)高頻開關(guān)管的ZVS，減小器件的體積和重量，保持變換器較高效率。輔助開關(guān)管的驅(qū)動波形與主開關(guān)管驅(qū)動波形完全互補，不需要添加額外的驅(qū)動電路，設(shè)計簡單易行。論文詳細分析升壓DC/DC變換器的工作模態(tài)和工作原理，研究緩沖電路環(huán)節(jié)的分析設(shè)計和軟開關(guān)的實現(xiàn)條件，并給出電路參數(shù)計算過程。對升壓變換器控制方法進行深入研究，采用狀態(tài)空間平均法建立升壓變換器的小信號模型，設(shè)計PI調(diào)節(jié)器參數(shù)，在此基礎(chǔ)上建立仿真模型，對控制方法進行驗證。 后級采用全橋逆變拓撲，雙極性SPWM控制策略。建立逆變器的數(shù)學(xué)模型，，設(shè)計電壓平均值和電壓瞬時值雙閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)，保證輸出電壓低畸變率、高正弦度和較高的輸出精度，逆變器輸出的正弦波與前級電路輸出的隔離直流電壓相疊加用于驅(qū)動壓電陶瓷，利用PSIM軟件對系統(tǒng)進行仿真分析。 基于理論分析和仿真驗證，采用TMS320F2812數(shù)字控制芯片，設(shè)計整個系統(tǒng)的軟件程序，實現(xiàn)驅(qū)動硬件電路設(shè)計。繪制PCB板搭建實驗平臺，對系統(tǒng)進行詳細的實驗分析，驗證系統(tǒng)方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of the direct and inverse piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric ceramic driving technology plays an important role in the field of micro-drive and positioning in recent years. Precise micro-displacement positioning requires low ripple, high frequency response and fast dynamic response of piezoelectric actuator. Therefore, the research of piezoelectric actuator becomes one of the key tasks in micro-displacement positioning system. At present, the common piezoelectric actuators in the market mostly adopt linear power drive mode. There are many problems such as large loss, large volume, low power, etc. In order to overcome the above defects and combine with the specific piezoelectric actuators, In this paper, a two-stage drive scheme of front stage DC/DC boost and rear stage DC/AC inverter is proposed by using PWM drive mode. A sinusoidal piezoelectric ceramic driving power supply with DC bias and continuous frequency modulation is designed. The piezoelectric ceramic driver firstly boosts the DC 30V~42V to 380 V by the front circuit, and then generates a sinusoidal wave with a peak value of 300V after the inverter, and then superposes with the isolated DC voltage of the front stage to produce a sine wave with DC bias. In this paper, a boost DC/DC converter with high boost ratio and low ripple input current is studied for battery power supply system. The converter is based on staggered parallel structure and active clamp circuit. It can not only absorb the voltage spike caused by leakage inductance of transformer when the switch is off, but also realize the ZVS, of high frequency switch to reduce the volume and weight of the device under the condition of wide range of input voltage and load change, and keep the converter high efficiency. The driving waveform of the auxiliary switch is completely complementary to the drive waveform of the main switch, and it is simple and feasible to design the auxiliary switch without adding extra drive circuit. The working mode and working principle of boost DC/DC converter are analyzed in detail. The analysis and design of snubber circuit and the realization condition of soft switch are studied, and the calculation process of circuit parameters is given. The control method of boost converter is studied in depth. The small signal model of boost converter is established by the state space averaging method, and the parameters of PI regulator are designed. On this basis, the simulation model is established and the control method is verified. The rear stage adopts full bridge inverter topology and bipolar SPWM control strategy. The mathematical model of inverter is established, and the double closed loop control system of voltage average value and voltage instantaneous value is designed to guarantee the output voltage with low distortion rate, high sinusoidal degree and high output precision. The sinusoidal wave output from the inverter and the isolated DC voltage from the front circuit are superimposed to drive the piezoelectric ceramics. The system is simulated and analyzed by PSIM software. Based on theoretical analysis and simulation verification, the software program of the whole system is designed by using TMS320F2812 digital control chip, and the drive hardware circuit is designed. The PCB board is drawn to build the experimental platform, and the system is analyzed in detail to verify the feasibility of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM46

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本文編號：2353116