【摘要】：電壓是電能質(zhì)量的重要指標(biāo)之一,在電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中電壓偏移會(huì)對(duì)用電設(shè)備造成損失。在電力系統(tǒng)中有載調(diào)壓的方法普遍采用的是利用有載調(diào)壓分接開關(guān)進(jìn)行有載調(diào)壓。這種方法的裝置成本低、制造工藝簡(jiǎn)單,但是隨著電力系統(tǒng)電網(wǎng)規(guī)模擴(kuò)大、網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)越來越復(fù)雜,這種利用機(jī)械開關(guān)有載調(diào)壓所存在的問題使其無法達(dá)到電力系統(tǒng)進(jìn)步的要求。在變壓器的有載分接開關(guān)切換時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生電弧,容易導(dǎo)致機(jī)械觸頭燒損,而且機(jī)械開關(guān)由于存在機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部分,會(huì)導(dǎo)致動(dòng)作慢,響應(yīng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),故障率高,維護(hù)量大,并且在調(diào)壓的過程中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)過渡過程,這些都會(huì)對(duì)對(duì)電網(wǎng)的安全運(yùn)行帶來不利的影響,這些問題是從本質(zhì)上無法解決的。 為了解決傳統(tǒng)機(jī)械開關(guān)式有載調(diào)壓方法存在的問題,論文提出了一種用反并聯(lián)晶閘管開關(guān)替代機(jī)械開關(guān)的無觸點(diǎn)無弧化有載調(diào)壓的方法。該方案可從本質(zhì)上抑制電弧的產(chǎn)生,機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部分的取消使調(diào)壓裝置可以快速響應(yīng),達(dá)到快速無弧切換的效果。文中通過對(duì)調(diào)壓繞組進(jìn)行編碼,建立起調(diào)壓繞組與調(diào)壓狀態(tài)的關(guān)系,利用較少的調(diào)壓繞組通過晶閘管開關(guān)控制組合出較多的調(diào)壓狀態(tài),進(jìn)而減少了變壓器的抽頭。文中還分析了調(diào)壓過程中所出現(xiàn)的過渡過程,并提出一種動(dòng)態(tài)控制的有載調(diào)壓技術(shù)。 論文最后采用MATLAB數(shù)字仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該方案的正確性,數(shù)字仿真表明該方案較好的解決了有載調(diào)壓變壓器繞組切換過程中產(chǎn)生的電弧問題,通過晶閘管開關(guān)的組合控制達(dá)到分級(jí)無觸點(diǎn)的目的,基本實(shí)現(xiàn)有載調(diào)壓變壓器的無弧化工作。
[Abstract]:Voltage is one of the important indexes of power quality. The method of on-load voltage regulation in power system is to use the on-load tap switch to adjust the load voltage. The device cost of this method is low and the manufacturing process is simple. However, with the expansion of power network scale and the increasing complexity of the network structure, this method can not meet the requirements of power system progress due to the problems existing in the on-load voltage regulation by using mechanical switches. When the on-load tap switch of the transformer is switched, the arc will occur, which will easily lead to the burning of the mechanical contact. Moreover, the mechanical switch will lead to slow action, long response time, high failure rate and large amount of maintenance because of the mechanical transmission part. And in the process of voltage regulation, there may be a transition process, which will have a negative impact on the safe operation of the power grid. These problems are essentially unsolvable. In order to solve the problem of traditional mechanical on-load voltage regulation method, a non-contact no-arc on-load voltage regulation method is proposed to replace mechanical switch with anti-parallel thyristor switch. This scheme can restrain the generation of the arc in essence, and the cancellation of the mechanical transmission can make the voltage regulator respond quickly and achieve the effect of fast arc free switching. By coding the voltage regulating winding, the relation between the voltage regulating winding and the voltage regulating state is established, and more voltage regulating states are controlled by less voltage regulating winding through the thyristor switch, thus reducing the tap of the transformer. The transition process in the process of voltage regulation is also analyzed, and a dynamic control technology of on-load voltage regulation is proposed. Finally, the MATLAB digital simulation experiment is used to verify the correctness of the scheme. The digital simulation shows that the scheme can solve the arc problem in the winding switching process of on-load voltage regulating transformer. Through the combined control of thyristor switch, the purpose of classifying contactless point is achieved, and the arc free operation of on-load voltage regulating transformer is basically realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM41

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