【摘要】：核電站的安全運(yùn)行始終是人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。為了使核電站對(duì)嚴(yán)重事故或威脅核電站安全運(yùn)行的潛在事故發(fā)生的可能性降至最低,研究和開(kāi)發(fā)核電站故障診斷系統(tǒng),有利于提高核電站的可靠性,且對(duì)核電站的安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行具有重要作用和意義。本文提出了一種基于報(bào)警信息的核電站智能診斷專家系統(tǒng)。首先根據(jù)運(yùn)行機(jī)理分析、核電仿真機(jī)和領(lǐng)域?qū)＜医?jīng)驗(yàn)獲取故障類型的征兆特征,同時(shí),根據(jù)核電系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn),考慮了多樣性原則;然后按照不精確知識(shí)表示方式構(gòu)建以報(bào)警為單元的置信規(guī)則庫(kù);其次采用信息融合技術(shù)進(jìn)行多重故障診斷,以提高診斷的準(zhǔn)確性;最后采用改進(jìn)層次分析法建立合理的推理控制策略,以提高診斷的快速性。其次,首次提出了智能診斷專家系統(tǒng)的自學(xué)習(xí)改進(jìn)方法。在證據(jù)獲取過(guò)程中,利用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立工況或故障程度與置信度函數(shù)的閾值和限值之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,使系統(tǒng)可在全工況下進(jìn)行故障診斷,提高了系統(tǒng)的工況自適應(yīng)能力。最后,利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)獲取現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù),集成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)診斷過(guò)程中知識(shí)的連接與存儲(chǔ),采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)并利用VC++進(jìn)行開(kāi)發(fā),根據(jù)人因工程學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)原理,在NetControl工業(yè)組態(tài)軟件中實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的人機(jī)交互功能與診斷畫面顯示,并為操作人員提供故障原因分析和操作指導(dǎo)。仿真診斷結(jié)果表明,報(bào)警觸發(fā)式故障診斷方法可行,對(duì)核電的故障診斷具有一定覆蓋面,并且能夠快速、準(zhǔn)確地識(shí)別當(dāng)前報(bào)警下的故障,進(jìn)而提高核電站運(yùn)行的可靠性。
[Abstract]:The safe operation of nuclear power station has always been the focus of attention. In order to minimize the possibility of serious accidents or potential accidents threatening the safe operation of nuclear power plants, the research and development of fault diagnosis systems for nuclear power plants is conducive to improving the reliability of nuclear power plants. And the safety and economic operation of nuclear power plants have an important role and significance. This paper presents an intelligent diagnosis expert system for nuclear power plants based on alarm information. First, according to the operation mechanism analysis, the nuclear power simulator and field experts experience to obtain the symptom characteristics of the fault type, at the same time, according to the characteristics of the nuclear power system, the diversity principle is considered. Then the confidence rule base with alarm as the unit is constructed according to imprecise knowledge representation, and the information fusion technology is used to carry out multiple fault diagnosis to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Finally, a reasonable reasoning control strategy is established by using improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to improve the speed of diagnosis. Secondly, the self-learning improvement method of intelligent diagnosis expert system is proposed for the first time. In the process of obtaining evidence, BP neural network is used to establish the mathematical model between the threshold and limit value of the confidence function and the degree of failure, so that the system can diagnose the fault in the whole working condition and improve the adaptive ability of the system. Finally, using network technology to obtain real-time data, integrating database technology to realize the connection and storage of knowledge in the diagnosis process, using modular design and using VC to develop, according to the principle of human engineering design, The man-machine interaction function and diagnosis picture display of the system are realized in the NetControl industrial configuration software, and the fault cause analysis and operation instruction are provided for the operators. The simulation results show that the alarm trigger fault diagnosis method is feasible and has a certain coverage for the fault diagnosis of nuclear power, and it can quickly and accurately identify the faults under the current alarm, thus improving the reliability of the operation of the nuclear power plant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM623

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