【摘要】：故障電弧斷路器已在美國等發(fā)達國家得到強制性推廣。隨著故障電弧探測器國家標準GB14287.4在2014年出臺,家用故障電弧保護電器有望在國內(nèi)獲得快速發(fā)展和推廣。市場調(diào)查表明:習(xí)羽、正泰等多家國內(nèi)低壓電器企業(yè)已經(jīng)著手開發(fā)故障電弧斷路器產(chǎn)品。本文針對故障電弧保護電器在開發(fā)過程中遇到的故障電弧信號獲得困難、試驗過程繁瑣、產(chǎn)生有害氣體等問題提出利用電力電子器件代替物理電極產(chǎn)生故障電弧信號。在介紹并比較現(xiàn)有的故障電弧信號模擬方法后明確了電信號重現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵是重現(xiàn)故障電弧電流。在論證故障電弧信號模擬范圍、性能要求的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了四種故障電弧電流重現(xiàn)電路,并對其中的低壓電流調(diào)控電路和兩種負載型電路進行了詳細設(shè)計。闡述了電路中放大狀態(tài)工作的MOS管的選型原則并測試了所采用的MOS管的轉(zhuǎn)移特性,得出了MOS管漏極電流關(guān)于柵源電壓的解析式。對影響電流重現(xiàn)效果的電路噪聲問題進行了計算和仿真。搭建了故障電弧試驗系統(tǒng),并利用采集到的實際串聯(lián)型故障電弧電流數(shù)據(jù)對四種電路進行了仿真。為滿足非線性電路條件下高頻電流重現(xiàn)的快速性、準確性要求,提出了預(yù)修正集散式無差控制方法。針對電流波形重現(xiàn)中的相位同步問題,給出了變間隔自適應(yīng)DAC轉(zhuǎn)換策略。以該策略的軟件實現(xiàn)為重點介紹了負載型電路和低壓電流調(diào)控電路的軟件程序。設(shè)計制作了兩種負載型樣機和低壓電流調(diào)控型樣機并進行了相關(guān)實驗。結(jié)果表明:所制作的樣機基本達到了重現(xiàn)故障電弧電流波形的要求,低壓電流調(diào)控型樣機具有進商品化的潛力。
[Abstract]:The fault arc circuit breaker has been compulsory popularized in the developed countries such as the United States. With the introduction of the national standard GB14287.4 for fault arc detectors in 2014, it is expected that the domestic fault arc protection appliances will be rapidly developed and popularized in China. Market investigation shows that many domestic low-voltage electrical equipment enterprises, such as Xi Yu and Zhengtai, have started to develop fault arc circuit breaker products. In view of the difficulty of obtaining fault arc signal in the development of fault arc protection apparatus, the complicated test process and the harmful gas generation, this paper puts forward the idea of using power electronic device instead of physical electrode to produce fault arc signal. After introducing and comparing the existing methods of fault arc signal simulation, it is clear that the key of electrical signal reproduction is to reproduce fault arc current. Based on the demonstration of fault arc signal simulation range and performance requirements, four fault arc current recurrence circuits are proposed, and the low-voltage current control circuit and two load-type circuits are designed in detail. In this paper, the selection principle of MOS transistors operating in amplifier state is described, and the transfer characteristics of the MOS transistors used are tested. The analytical formula of drain current of MOS transistor and gate source voltage is obtained. The circuit noise problem which affects the effect of current reproduction is calculated and simulated. A fault arc test system is built, and the four circuits are simulated by using the actual series arc current data. In order to meet the requirement of fast and accurate high frequency current reappearance in nonlinear circuits, a precorrection distributed control method is proposed. In order to solve the phase synchronization problem in current waveform reconstruction, a variable interval adaptive DAC conversion strategy is presented. The software programs of load type circuit and low voltage current control circuit are introduced with emphasis on the software implementation of this strategy. Two kinds of load type prototype and low-voltage current control prototype are designed and manufactured and related experiments are carried out. The results show that the prototype can basically meet the requirements of reproducing the fault arc current waveform, and the low-voltage current control prototype has the potential to be commercialized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：溫州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM501.2

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本文編號：2282619