【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)水電行業(yè)硬件方面的不斷發(fā)展,水電廠對(duì)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率、使用的安全性和性能的穩(wěn)定性都有了越來(lái)越高的要求。設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)良的勵(lì)磁設(shè)備可以有效的提高水電系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定水平和技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo),對(duì)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行高效準(zhǔn)確的故障診斷和狀態(tài)評(píng)估,有助于勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,有助于水電廠提高工作效率、減少人力和時(shí)間成本。本文以貴州烏江東風(fēng)水電廠所使用的EXC9000型勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)中功率柜的核心部分——可控硅整流電路的電路故障及過(guò)熱故障進(jìn)行了仿真分析,以可控硅溫度為例對(duì)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)作出評(píng)估。具體工作如下:首先,本文在分析了可控硅的物理結(jié)構(gòu)和三相整流電路的電路結(jié)構(gòu)之后,對(duì)三相整流橋的導(dǎo)通條件作出了判斷。以三相整流橋中不同的可控硅出現(xiàn)故障的情況作為仿真條件,利用Matlab對(duì)三相整流故障電路進(jìn)行仿真。通過(guò)總結(jié)仿真波形的規(guī)律得出通過(guò)波形判斷三相整流電路可控硅故障類(lèi)型的方法。進(jìn)一步,通過(guò)人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,以7組不同控制角下單管故障的波形為訓(xùn)練樣本,對(duì)三相整流電路可控硅故障的具體位置作出判斷。隨后,針對(duì)可控硅容易過(guò)熱及其溫度值很難直接監(jiān)測(cè)的情況,對(duì)可控硅進(jìn)行受熱仿真。本文首先分析了可控硅的散熱原理、介紹了強(qiáng)迫風(fēng)冷散熱和相變冷卻散熱的方法。對(duì)EXC9000型勵(lì)磁功率柜的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析和建模仿真,利用仿真軟件Solidworks Flow Simulation對(duì)功率柜內(nèi)的可控硅散熱情況進(jìn)行仿真。針對(duì)EXC9000型勵(lì)磁功率柜配備的兩種不同類(lèi)型的風(fēng)機(jī)分別建模仿真,得出了兩個(gè)風(fēng)機(jī)仿真效果的對(duì)比。為水電廠采取不同散熱方法提供了參考意見(jiàn)。最后,采用了模糊層次分析的方法對(duì)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)整體進(jìn)行功能指標(biāo)層次上的劃分,在確定層次分析模型的指標(biāo)層(底層)元素后,利用模糊數(shù)學(xué)的概念,以功率柜溫度指標(biāo)為例對(duì)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)作出評(píng)估,通過(guò)整體狀態(tài)的評(píng)估使得水電廠工作人員可以根據(jù)評(píng)估的意見(jiàn)更加合理地安排相關(guān)檢修,從而在一定程度上改善了定期檢修所存在的冗余與低效率。
[Abstract]:With the development of the hardware of hydropower industry in China, the efficiency, safety and stability of the excitation system in hydropower plants are becoming more and more important. The design of excellent excitation equipment can effectively improve the stability level and technical and economic index of hydropower system, and carry out high efficiency and accurate fault diagnosis and state evaluation of excitation system, which is helpful to the safe and stable operation of excitation system. The utility model is helpful to improve the working efficiency of hydropower plants and reduce the cost of manpower and time. This paper takes the EXC9000 type excitation system used in Wujiang Dongfeng Hydropower Plant in Guizhou as the research object, and simulates and analyzes the circuit fault and overheating fault of the thyristor rectifier circuit, which is the core part of the power cabinet in the excitation system. The operating state of excitation system is evaluated with SCR temperature as an example. The main work is as follows: firstly, after analyzing the physical structure of thyristor and the circuit structure of three-phase rectifier circuit, the conduction condition of three-phase rectifier bridge is judged. The fault of three phase rectifier is simulated by Matlab. By summing up the law of simulation waveform, the method of judging the fault type of thyristor in three-phase rectifier circuit is obtained. Furthermore, through the artificial neural network model, taking 7 groups of waveform of order tube fault sent out from different control angles as training samples, the location of SCR fault in three-phase rectifier circuit is judged. Then, in view of the overheating of SCR and the difficulty of monitoring the temperature value directly, the thermal simulation of Thyristor is carried out. In this paper, the principle of thyristor cooling is analyzed, and the methods of forced air cooling and phase change cooling are introduced. The structure of EXC9000 type excitation power cabinet is analyzed, and the simulation software Solidworks Flow Simulation is used to simulate the silicon controlled heat dissipation in the power cabinet. According to the modeling and simulation of two different types of fans equipped with EXC9000 excitation power cabinet, the simulation results of the two fans are compared. Some suggestions are provided for different methods of heat dissipation in hydropower plants. Finally, the method of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is used to divide the whole excitation system into functional index levels. After determining the index layer (bottom layer) elements of the AHP model, the concept of fuzzy mathematics is used. Taking the temperature index of power cabinet as an example, the operating state of excitation system is evaluated. Through the evaluation of the overall condition, the staff of hydropower plant can arrange the relevant maintenance more reasonably according to the assessment opinion. Thus, the redundancy and low efficiency of regular maintenance are improved to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV738

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本文編號(hào)：2281891