發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-16 16:37

【摘要】：微電子技術(shù)和電力電子技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，為電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)擺脫傳統(tǒng)的三相拓?fù)湎拗频於嘶A(chǔ)，多相發(fā)電機(jī)與多相變流器結(jié)合，為實(shí)現(xiàn)大功率或者有更高可靠性要求的發(fā)電場(chǎng)合提供了一種新思路。雙Y相移30°的六相永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)具有低壓大功率、容錯(cuò)性能好、控制靈活等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可廣泛應(yīng)用于新能源發(fā)電、全電推進(jìn)的艦船發(fā)電機(jī)、多電飛機(jī)、電動(dòng)車(chē)等領(lǐng)域。目前針對(duì)多相電機(jī)的研究中，對(duì)脈寬調(diào)制數(shù)字化實(shí)現(xiàn)、母線串聯(lián)問(wèn)題、容錯(cuò)控制中三次諧波問(wèn)題及傳統(tǒng)PI調(diào)制的魯棒性不佳等問(wèn)題還有待深入研究。論文主要針對(duì)六相永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)(Six Phase Permanent Magnet Synchrounous Generator, Six Phase PMSG)的基本理論、多維空間脈寬調(diào)制方法、預(yù)測(cè)控制、容錯(cuò)控制中的三次諧波抑制等方面進(jìn)行了研究，得到的結(jié)論和總結(jié)出的方法對(duì)多相發(fā)電機(jī)的應(yīng)用具有理論指導(dǎo)意義和工程實(shí)踐價(jià)值。 論文基于繞組函數(shù)法分析了繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì)的諧波機(jī)理，并對(duì)六相PMSG諧波磁動(dòng)勢(shì)的分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析，明確了六相PMSG與原動(dòng)機(jī)組成的動(dòng)力模型中能量傳遞關(guān)系。在六相PMSG相變量模型的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)正交坐標(biāo)變換，建立了六相PMSG的空間解耦的數(shù)學(xué)模型，為后文的各種控制策略的提出打下基礎(chǔ)。利用有限元法對(duì)六相PMSG的氣隙磁密和反電動(dòng)勢(shì)進(jìn)行了諧波分析，對(duì)各相繞組的自感和互感進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，指出可以通過(guò)改變繞組因數(shù)來(lái)進(jìn)行特定次諧波注入和消除，六相PMSG的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)充分考慮各相繞組之間的互感關(guān)系。 論文對(duì)部分解耦和完全解耦的兩種矢量控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入的研究。首先對(duì)六相PMSG在兩套三相對(duì)稱繞組中性點(diǎn)隔離的情況下，采用部分解耦的雙d-q空間矢量控制時(shí)，應(yīng)用前饋控制消除交叉耦合電感帶來(lái)的影響。通過(guò)對(duì)各個(gè)扇區(qū)的分析，得到導(dǎo)通時(shí)間與參考電壓之間的系數(shù)變化規(guī)律。其次，針對(duì)最大四矢量法的調(diào)制波中心不對(duì)稱的問(wèn)題，提出了中心化處理后的最大四矢量PWM策略，對(duì)中心化處理后增加的基本矢量對(duì)開(kāi)關(guān)導(dǎo)通時(shí)間系數(shù)的影響進(jìn)行了分析，繼而對(duì)連續(xù)型和離散型兩種最大四矢量PWM方式的諧波機(jī)理進(jìn)行了分析，并進(jìn)行了仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。針對(duì)六相PMSG兩套三相繞組經(jīng)整流后母線串聯(lián)時(shí)存在母線中點(diǎn)電位漂移的現(xiàn)象，通過(guò)在諧波子空間注入電流，解決了母線電壓中點(diǎn)電位漂移問(wèn)題。 針對(duì)六相PMSG采用PI控制策略易受參數(shù)影響的問(wèn)題，論文對(duì)預(yù)測(cè)電流控制和模型預(yù)測(cè)控制進(jìn)行了深入細(xì)致的研究。通過(guò)建立六相PMSG的離散化預(yù)測(cè)模型，對(duì)兩步法實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)差拍預(yù)測(cè)電流控制的過(guò)程進(jìn)行推導(dǎo)，并提出將反饋電流的低頻和高頻成分分離，修正反饋環(huán)節(jié)，解決了傳統(tǒng)預(yù)測(cè)電流控制中參考電流與輸出電流存在穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差的問(wèn)題。提出了一種基于狀態(tài)空間變量的六相PMSG模型預(yù)測(cè)控制方法，建立了六相PMSG基于狀態(tài)空間模型的預(yù)測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型，同時(shí)對(duì)六相PMSG模型預(yù)測(cè)控制中目標(biāo)函數(shù)和控制律參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了分析。針對(duì)上述兩種預(yù)測(cè)控制方法，實(shí)驗(yàn)證明兩種控制方法具有快速響應(yīng)、魯棒性好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 最后，論文針對(duì)六相PMSG一相開(kāi)路時(shí)三次諧波電感和磁鏈的影響進(jìn)行了深入的研究，建立了一相繞組開(kāi)路的六相PMSG的空間解耦的數(shù)學(xué)模型，并針對(duì)六相PMSG經(jīng)一次同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)變換后的d-q子空間電壓不解耦的情況，提出了對(duì)d-q子空間電壓完全解耦的二次旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)變換。依據(jù)定子磁勢(shì)不變?cè)瓌t，按照定子銅耗最小和定子電流幅值最小的優(yōu)化方法，推導(dǎo)了一相開(kāi)路后的六相PMSG的最優(yōu)電流解。為消除三次諧波的影響，，提出一種可以進(jìn)行離線計(jì)算、工程實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單的三次諧波閉環(huán)補(bǔ)償控制策略，并對(duì)補(bǔ)償量的大小進(jìn)行了推導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of micro-electronics technology and power electronics technology, it lays a foundation for the motor control system to get rid of the traditional three-phase topology limit, and the multi-phase generator is combined with the multi-phase converter. the six-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator with a double Y phase shift of 30 DEG has the advantages of low voltage, high power, good fault tolerance, flexible control and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of new energy power generation, fully electric propulsion ship generators, multi-electric aircraft, electric vehicles and the like. At present, in the research of multi-phase motor, the problems such as digital implementation of pulse width modulation, series problem of bus bar, three harmonic problems in fault tolerance control and robustness of traditional PI modulation are still to be studied deeply. The paper mainly focuses on the basic theory of six-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (Six Phase PMSG), multi-dimensional space pulse width modulation method, predictive control, third harmonic suppression in fault tolerant control, etc. The results obtained and summarized methods have theoretical significance and practical value for the application of multi-phase generator. Based on the winding function method, the harmonic mechanism of the magnetic dynamic potential of the winding is analyzed, and the distribution law of the six-phase PMSG harmonic magnetic dynamic potential is analyzed, and the energy transfer in the power model consisting of six-phase PMSG and prime mover is clarified. On the basis of the six-phase PMSG-phase variable model, a mathematical model of spatial decoupling of six-phase PMSG is established by orthogonal coordinate transformation. On the basis of the harmonic analysis of the air gap magnetic density and back electromotive force of six-phase PMSG by finite element method, the inductance and mutual inductance of each phase winding are calculated, and it is pointed out that the specific subharmonic injection can be carried out by changing the winding factor. The design of six-phase PMSG shall take full account of mutual inductance between each phase winding. In this paper, two vector control techniques for partial decoupling and complete decoupling are discussed. In this paper, a partially decoupled dual d-q space vector control is used to eliminate cross-coupling inductance when the two sets of three relative symmetric winding neutral points are isolated. by analyzing each sector, a system between the on time and the reference voltage is obtained Secondly, aiming at the asymmetry of the modulation wave center of the maximum four-vector method, the maximum four-vector PWM strategy after the central processing is put forward, and the influence of the basic vector added after the central processing on the switching time coefficient is proposed. The harmonic mechanism of two maximum four-vector PWM modes is analyzed, and the simulation is carried out. and solves the problem of point potential drift in the bus when the two sets of three-phase windings of the six-phase PMSG are connected in series, For the six-phase PMSG, the PI control strategy is easy to be influenced by parameters, and the predictive current control and the model predictive control are carried out in this paper. Based on the discrete prediction model of six-phase PMSG, the process of non-beat prediction current control is deduced by two-step method, and the low-frequency and high-frequency components of the feedback current are put forward. and the reference current and the output current in the traditional predictive current control are solved. In this paper, a six-phase PMSG model predictive control method based on state space variable is proposed in this paper. A six-phase PMSG model based on state space model is established, and the objective function and control law parameters in six-phase PMSG model predictive control are also proposed. According to the two kinds of prediction control methods, the experiment proves that the two control methods have fast response. Finally, the paper studies the influence of three harmonic inductance and magnetic chain in the open circuit of six-phase PMSG, and establishes a six-phase PMS with open phase winding. A mathematical model of spatial decoupling of G is proposed, and the d-q sub-space voltage is not coupled with the six-phase PMSG, and the d-q sub-space voltage is completely solved. According to the principle of stator magnetic potential, this paper deduces the six-phase open circuit according to the stator's minimum copper consumption and the minimum stator current amplitude. In order to eliminate the influence of three harmonics, a three-order harmonic closed-loop compensation control strategy is proposed, which can be taken off-line, and the project implements a simple three-harmonic closed loop compensation control strategy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM31

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本文編號(hào)：2274994