【摘要】：在采用矢量控制的交流異步電機(jī)變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中,為了獲得轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)控制,通常需要采用速度傳感器等裝置來測(cè)量電機(jī)實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速。無速度傳感器可以克服速度傳感器由于安裝不便以及在出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)整個(gè)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)受到影響甚至無法工作等缺點(diǎn),因此無速度傳感器轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)算法是各國(guó)學(xué)者最近幾年研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。轉(zhuǎn)速信息的準(zhǔn)確辨識(shí)是無速度傳感器矢量控制技術(shù)的核心,也是矢量控制系統(tǒng)磁場(chǎng)定向的基礎(chǔ)�，F(xiàn)有的無速度傳感器轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)方法中以模型參考自適應(yīng)法(MRAS)最為成熟,MRAS法中參考模型和可調(diào)模型需要準(zhǔn)確的電機(jī)參數(shù)才能精確的辨識(shí)出轉(zhuǎn)速,然而電機(jī)運(yùn)行過程中溫度變化導(dǎo)致電機(jī)參數(shù)如定子電阻和轉(zhuǎn)子電阻的變化,最終導(dǎo)致轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)精度不高甚至不準(zhǔn),故需要在轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)的同時(shí)在線辨識(shí)電機(jī)參數(shù)達(dá)到高精度轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)目的。本文主要工作在于:1.研究交流異步電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型及其矢量控制算法,搭建帶速度傳感器的交流異步電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng)。2.研究MRAS無速度傳感器轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)方法,分析了基于磁鏈轉(zhuǎn)速辨識(shí)和基于反電動(dòng)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)速辨識(shí)方法優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)以及定子電阻和轉(zhuǎn)子電阻變化對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)速辨識(shí)的影響。3.本文通過分析傳統(tǒng)的基于磁鏈MRAS定轉(zhuǎn)子電阻和轉(zhuǎn)速交互式辨識(shí)方法不能消除積分環(huán)節(jié)的影響,提出了一種改進(jìn)的基于反電動(dòng)勢(shì)MRAS定轉(zhuǎn)子電阻和轉(zhuǎn)速交互式辨識(shí)方法,最后通過Simulink仿真。仿真數(shù)據(jù)表明電機(jī)無論運(yùn)行在高速段1000rpm還是運(yùn)行在低速段100rpm,定轉(zhuǎn)子電阻辨識(shí)模塊能高精度的辨識(shí)定轉(zhuǎn)子電阻,提高了轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)精度,減小了電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)。4.將上述算法應(yīng)用于基于dSPACE半物理仿真平臺(tái)硬件在環(huán)(HIL)系統(tǒng)和基于DSP2812的1.1KW電機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了電機(jī)無論運(yùn)行在高速段還是運(yùn)行在低速段,該算法都能很好辨識(shí)出電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速,且有較高的辨識(shí)精度。Simulink離線仿真和dSPACE、DSP2812電機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:該算法能夠很好的在線辨識(shí)定轉(zhuǎn)子電阻以及電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速,使用其估計(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行無速度傳感器電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)控制,該系統(tǒng)能夠很好滿足動(dòng)、靜態(tài)性能要求,驗(yàn)證了該算法在實(shí)踐中的可行性。
[Abstract]:In the variable frequency speed control system of AC asynchronous motor using vector control, in order to obtain the speed of the system for closed-loop control, it is usually necessary to use speed sensor to measure the actual speed of the motor. The speed sensor can overcome the disadvantages of the speed sensor because of the inconvenience of installation and the whole speed regulating system being affected or even unable to work in the event of failure. Therefore, speed sensorless speed estimation algorithm is one of the hot research topics in recent years. The accurate identification of speed information is the core of speed sensorless vector control technology and the basis of vector control system magnetic field orientation. Among the existing speed estimation methods without speed sensor, the model reference adaptive method (MRAS) is the most mature. The reference model and adjustable model in MRAS method need accurate motor parameters to identify the speed accurately. However, the change of temperature in the process of motor operation leads to the change of motor parameters such as stator resistance and rotor resistance, and the precision of speed estimation is not high or even inaccurate. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the parameters of the motor at the same time as the speed estimation to achieve the purpose of high precision speed estimation. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The mathematical model of AC asynchronous motor and its vector control algorithm are studied, and the vector control system of AC asynchronous motor with speed sensor is built. 2. The speed estimation method of MRAS sensorless speed sensor is studied. The advantages and disadvantages of speed identification methods based on flux chain speed identification and backEMF speed identification and the influence of stator resistance and rotor resistance on speed identification are analyzed. By analyzing that the traditional interactive identification method based on flux chain MRAS can not eliminate the influence of integral link, this paper presents an improved interactive identification method of stator and rotor resistance and speed based on backEMF MRAS. Finally, it is simulated by Simulink. The simulation data show that the stator and rotor resistance identification module can identify the stator and rotor resistance with high precision, improve the speed estimation accuracy and reduce the electromagnetic torque ripple, regardless of whether the motor is running at high speed 1000rpm or in low speed section 100rpm. The algorithm is applied to the hardware in loop (HIL) system based on dSPACE semi-physical simulation platform and the 1.1KW motor experiment platform based on DSP2812. The experimental results show that the algorithm can recognize the speed of the motor well, regardless of whether it is running at high speed or at low speed. The results of Simulink off-line simulation and dSPACE,DSP2812 motor experiment show that the algorithm can identify the resistance of stator and rotor and the speed of motor on line. The speed estimation is used to control the speed sensorless motor vector control system. The system can meet the requirements of dynamic and static performance. The feasibility of the algorithm in practice is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM346

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本文編號(hào)：2273876