【摘要】：高溫超導(dǎo)材料在性能上的改善,使超導(dǎo)體在工程領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用得到高速發(fā)展。本文提出一種各向同性的高溫超導(dǎo)股線設(shè)計方法,能夠進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)超導(dǎo)體的載流能力,提高超導(dǎo)填充度和工程電流密度,改善超導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度,可以運(yùn)用在直流輸電電纜、高場磁體、超導(dǎo)限流器等電力裝置,具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文首先介紹圓形和方形高溫超導(dǎo)股線的設(shè)計方法,闡明超導(dǎo)股線芯的帶材堆疊方式,對填充超導(dǎo)芯與包套間縫隙的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行材料選擇與規(guī)格設(shè)計,介紹金屬包覆層的激光焊接工藝,分步闡述銅、鋁和不銹鋼包覆的超導(dǎo)股線規(guī)�；a(chǎn)流程。為驗(yàn)證超導(dǎo)股線加工工藝的安全性,將完成制作的股線樣品拆解并對超導(dǎo)芯部分的ReBCO帶材進(jìn)行臨界電流測試。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在高溫超導(dǎo)股線的制作過程中不會對內(nèi)部帶材造成損傷。用磁場仿真軟件建立不同超導(dǎo)股線的橫截面二維模型,根據(jù)磁場仿真結(jié)果計算超導(dǎo)股線的臨界電流值,對不同結(jié)構(gòu)的股線樣品進(jìn)行臨界電流測試,從測量結(jié)果中提取體現(xiàn)超導(dǎo)特性的E-I曲線,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證臨界電流仿真計算模型的有效性,為未來不同材料和規(guī)格的高溫超導(dǎo)股線設(shè)計提供依據(jù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究77 K、自場下高溫超導(dǎo)股線在工頻過電流沖擊下的失超及恢復(fù)特性,分析沖擊過程中電壓及電流幅值變化原因、電阻及相位角變化規(guī)律,研究沖擊電流對不同類型股線的溫升和恢復(fù)時間影響,通過沖擊后的臨界電流和n值測量結(jié)果分析超導(dǎo)股線的耐沖擊能力。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,不同結(jié)構(gòu)的超導(dǎo)股線在沖擊過程中的失超特性不同,銅包覆超導(dǎo)股線具有較強(qiáng)的耐電流沖擊能力,不銹鋼包覆超導(dǎo)股線則具有較強(qiáng)的電流限制能力。研究高溫超導(dǎo)股線的機(jī)械特性,對彎曲的超導(dǎo)股線中帶材形變情況進(jìn)行理論分析,并制作不同彎曲條件下的ReBCO帶材和超導(dǎo)股線實(shí)驗(yàn)樣品,通過臨界電流的測試研究彎曲對載流能力產(chǎn)生的影響,分析帶材最小側(cè)向彎曲半徑、超導(dǎo)股線的最小彎曲半徑及臨界應(yīng)變等參數(shù),通過測量股線樣品在不同拉伸應(yīng)力條件下的臨界電流和n值,研究拉伸應(yīng)力對超導(dǎo)特性的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,超導(dǎo)股線的最小彎曲半徑由帶材的側(cè)向彎曲特性決定,且臨界電流和n值隨彎曲半徑減少或拉伸應(yīng)力的增大呈降低趨勢。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of the properties of HTS materials, the applications of superconductors in engineering field have been developed rapidly. In this paper, an isotropic design method of high temperature superconducting strands is presented, which can further enhance the current carrying capacity of superconductors, increase the superconducting filling degree and engineering current density, improve the mechanical strength of superconducting structures, and can be used in DC transmission cables. High-field magnets, superconducting current limiter and other power devices have a broad application prospects. In this paper, the design method of circular and square high temperature superconducting strands is introduced, and the strip stacking mode of superconducting wire core is expounded. The material selection and specification design of the structure filled with the gap between the superconducting core and the package sleeve are carried out. The laser welding process of metal coated layer is introduced, and the large-scale production process of superconducting wire coated with copper, aluminum and stainless steel is described step by step. In order to verify the safety of the superconducting wire processing process, the finished strands were disassembled and the critical current of the ReBCO strip in the superconducting core was measured. The experimental results show that the inner strip will not be damaged during the fabrication of HTS strands. The two-dimensional model of cross section of different superconducting strands was established by using magnetic field simulation software. According to the results of magnetic field simulation, the critical current of superconducting strands was calculated, and the critical current of samples with different structures was measured. The E-I curves reflecting the superconducting characteristics are extracted from the measured results. The experimental results verify the validity of the critical current simulation model and provide the basis for the design of HTS strands of different materials and specifications in the future. The overrun and recovery characteristics of high temperature superconducting wire (HTS) strands under power frequency overcurrent impact at 77K are studied experimentally. The causes of voltage and current amplitudes during shock, the variation of resistance and phase angle are analyzed. The effect of shock current on temperature rise and recovery time of different types of strands was studied. The shock resistance of superconducting strands was analyzed by measuring critical current and n value after shock. The experimental results show that the superconducting strands with different structures have different overshoot characteristics during impact. Copper coated superconducting strands have strong current shock resistance, while stainless steel coated superconducting strands have strong current limiting capacity. The mechanical properties of high temperature superconducting strands are studied. The deformation of tapes in bending superconducting strands is theoretically analyzed, and the experimental samples of ReBCO tapes and superconducting strands under different bending conditions are made. The influence of bending on the current carrying capacity is studied by measuring the critical current. The parameters such as the minimum lateral bending radius of strip, the minimum bending radius of superconducting strands and the critical strain are analyzed. The influence of tensile stress on superconductivity was studied by measuring the critical current and n value of the strands under different tensile stress conditions. The results show that the minimum bending radius of the superconducting strand is determined by the lateral bending characteristics of the strip, and the critical current and n value decrease with the decrease of the bending radius or the increase of the tensile stress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM26

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本文編號：2271463