基于參數(shù)辨識的電網(wǎng)損耗分析及能效評價研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-12 13:32
【摘要】：當前,能源與環(huán)境問題成為世界關注的焦點,節(jié)能減排是各行各業(yè)的共同目標,作為能源消耗大戶的電網(wǎng)企業(yè)更加重視電網(wǎng)的節(jié)能降損工作。經(jīng)過多年努力我國電網(wǎng)線損率有了較大幅度的降低,但是面對新能源的快速發(fā)展、居民商業(yè)等高損耗用戶的快速增加都對整個電網(wǎng)的能效水平提出了挑戰(zhàn)。同時,在影響線損分析的三要素模型算法、元件參數(shù)、采集數(shù)據(jù)中,中低壓配電網(wǎng)中數(shù)據(jù)采集一直以來是較欠缺的地方,而適用于采集數(shù)據(jù)的模型算法又是相輔相成的。隨著用電信息采集系統(tǒng)的普及,有必要對當前線損計算方法進行改進。本文從當前電網(wǎng)節(jié)能降損需求出發(fā),主要研究了配電網(wǎng)損耗情況以及節(jié)能降損措施和能效評價方法。 首先,分析了當前我國電網(wǎng)的能效現(xiàn)狀,提出了節(jié)能降損的重點在配電網(wǎng)。梳理了國內(nèi)外電網(wǎng)損耗研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢,并且指出了我國電網(wǎng)損耗研究的必要性和意義。 其次,根據(jù)當前電網(wǎng)損耗計算中參數(shù)殘缺和錯誤的特點,在分析了配電網(wǎng)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎上,給出了配電網(wǎng)以不同類型節(jié)點為基本單元的支路參數(shù)求解方法,引入最小二參數(shù)辨識法對支路參數(shù)進行求解,并且提出了對整個配電網(wǎng)進行參數(shù)辨識的一般步驟。 再者,整理了電網(wǎng)損耗的相關概念,指出了理論線損的定義和分類。分析了交流輸電系統(tǒng)的損耗構(gòu)成及計算方法,將潮流法引入到配電網(wǎng)損耗計算中,給出了采用分層前推回代法的輻射狀配電網(wǎng)損耗計算方法。 然后,依據(jù)電網(wǎng)損耗的特點提出了以節(jié)能設備更換為主的電網(wǎng)節(jié)能降損措施。分析了輸電導線更換、高效變壓器更換、無功補償裝置應用、升壓改造、消諧濾波裝置應用這五類能效提升方法的節(jié)約電力和電量的量化值。并且在物理仿真平臺上進行了節(jié)能量驗證。 最后,針對當前電網(wǎng)缺乏綜合能效分析的現(xiàn)在,提出了一套電網(wǎng)能效綜合評價方法,從元件指標、運行指標、綜合指標和經(jīng)濟指標四個方面來綜合判斷電網(wǎng)的能效水平,并且將此方法應用于實際電網(wǎng)中進行能效評價同時指出了存在的不足提出了改進方法。
[Abstract]:At present, energy and environment issues have become the focus of attention in the world, energy saving and emission reduction is the common goal of various industries. As a large consumer of energy, power grid enterprises pay more attention to energy conservation and loss reduction. After years of effort, the power network line loss rate has been greatly reduced in China, but in the face of the rapid development of new energy sources, the rapid increase of high loss users, such as residential commerce, has posed a challenge to the energy efficiency level of the whole power network. At the same time, in the three element model algorithm, component parameter and data acquisition, the data acquisition in medium and low voltage distribution network has been lacking, and the model algorithm suitable for data acquisition is complementary to each other. With the popularization of power information acquisition system, it is necessary to improve the current line loss calculation method. Based on the current demand for energy saving and loss reduction, this paper mainly studies the situation of distribution network loss, energy saving and loss reduction measures and energy efficiency evaluation methods. Firstly, the present situation of energy efficiency in China's power grid is analyzed, and the emphasis of energy saving and loss reduction is put forward. The present situation and development trend of power loss research at home and abroad are reviewed, and the necessity and significance of power loss research in China are pointed out. Secondly, according to the characteristics of incomplete and wrong parameters in the current power network loss calculation, based on the analysis of the distribution network topology structure, the method of solving the branch parameters of the distribution network with different types of nodes as the basic unit is given. The least square parameter identification method is introduced to solve the branch parameters, and the general steps of parameter identification for the whole distribution network are proposed. Furthermore, the related concepts of grid loss are sorted out, and the definition and classification of theoretical line loss are pointed out. In this paper, the loss composition and calculation method of AC transmission system are analyzed. The power flow method is introduced into the loss calculation of distribution network, and the radiation distribution network loss calculation method using layered forward pushback method is presented. Then, according to the characteristics of power network loss, the energy saving and loss reduction measures based on energy saving equipment replacement are put forward. This paper analyzes the energy saving and quantification value of the five kinds of energy efficiency promotion methods, such as transmission wire replacement, high efficiency transformer replacement, reactive power compensation device application, voltage boost transformation and harmonic elimination filter. And the energy saving verification is carried out on the physical simulation platform. Finally, in view of the current lack of comprehensive energy efficiency analysis, a comprehensive evaluation method of power grid energy efficiency is proposed, which comprehensively judges the power grid energy efficiency level from four aspects: component index, operation index, comprehensive index and economic index. At the same time, this method is applied to the energy efficiency evaluation in the actual power grid, and the shortcomings are pointed out and an improved method is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM714.3
本文編號：2266311
[Abstract]:At present, energy and environment issues have become the focus of attention in the world, energy saving and emission reduction is the common goal of various industries. As a large consumer of energy, power grid enterprises pay more attention to energy conservation and loss reduction. After years of effort, the power network line loss rate has been greatly reduced in China, but in the face of the rapid development of new energy sources, the rapid increase of high loss users, such as residential commerce, has posed a challenge to the energy efficiency level of the whole power network. At the same time, in the three element model algorithm, component parameter and data acquisition, the data acquisition in medium and low voltage distribution network has been lacking, and the model algorithm suitable for data acquisition is complementary to each other. With the popularization of power information acquisition system, it is necessary to improve the current line loss calculation method. Based on the current demand for energy saving and loss reduction, this paper mainly studies the situation of distribution network loss, energy saving and loss reduction measures and energy efficiency evaluation methods. Firstly, the present situation of energy efficiency in China's power grid is analyzed, and the emphasis of energy saving and loss reduction is put forward. The present situation and development trend of power loss research at home and abroad are reviewed, and the necessity and significance of power loss research in China are pointed out. Secondly, according to the characteristics of incomplete and wrong parameters in the current power network loss calculation, based on the analysis of the distribution network topology structure, the method of solving the branch parameters of the distribution network with different types of nodes as the basic unit is given. The least square parameter identification method is introduced to solve the branch parameters, and the general steps of parameter identification for the whole distribution network are proposed. Furthermore, the related concepts of grid loss are sorted out, and the definition and classification of theoretical line loss are pointed out. In this paper, the loss composition and calculation method of AC transmission system are analyzed. The power flow method is introduced into the loss calculation of distribution network, and the radiation distribution network loss calculation method using layered forward pushback method is presented. Then, according to the characteristics of power network loss, the energy saving and loss reduction measures based on energy saving equipment replacement are put forward. This paper analyzes the energy saving and quantification value of the five kinds of energy efficiency promotion methods, such as transmission wire replacement, high efficiency transformer replacement, reactive power compensation device application, voltage boost transformation and harmonic elimination filter. And the energy saving verification is carried out on the physical simulation platform. Finally, in view of the current lack of comprehensive energy efficiency analysis, a comprehensive evaluation method of power grid energy efficiency is proposed, which comprehensively judges the power grid energy efficiency level from four aspects: component index, operation index, comprehensive index and economic index. At the same time, this method is applied to the energy efficiency evaluation in the actual power grid, and the shortcomings are pointed out and an improved method is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM714.3
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