【摘要】：開展直擊雷模式識(shí)別的研究是分析雷擊事故原因和鑒定雷擊故障責(zé)任的基礎(chǔ)，可為架空輸電線路差異化防雷的設(shè)計(jì)及改造提供重要的技術(shù)手段。本文在分析國內(nèi)外雷擊架空輸電線路類型識(shí)別的研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，從識(shí)別方法以及測(cè)量手段兩個(gè)方面對(duì)架空輸電線路直擊雷類型識(shí)別進(jìn)行了研究。 本文首先基于ATP-EMTP仿真軟件，建立了裝有暫態(tài)電流行波監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際輸電線路仿真模型，，考慮到避雷線對(duì)雷電的屏蔽效果，對(duì)雷電繞擊與雷擊塔頂情況選取了不同幅值范圍的雷電流進(jìn)行仿真，并結(jié)合雷擊架空輸電線路后導(dǎo)線上電流產(chǎn)生的物理過程對(duì)各種雷擊情況下三相導(dǎo)線電流的波形特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析。 其次，針對(duì)雷擊所造成的多種閃絡(luò)情況，基于輸電線路導(dǎo)線之間的空間電磁耦合分析，通過三相導(dǎo)線之間的能量比值關(guān)系判斷雷電流注入相數(shù)，將直擊雷初步分為3類。此外，通過提取各個(gè)子分類中的導(dǎo)線電流波形的時(shí)域與頻域特征構(gòu)建識(shí)別判據(jù)，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)輸電線路直擊雷的識(shí)別。在此基礎(chǔ)上在.NET平臺(tái)上采用C#語言編寫了輸電線路雷擊類型識(shí)別程序并對(duì)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的雷擊類型進(jìn)行了初步分析。 最后，為了能更加深入對(duì)直擊雷類型進(jìn)行分析，在測(cè)量雷擊架空輸電線路引起的暫態(tài)電流行波的同時(shí)對(duì)導(dǎo)線上工頻電流進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)，對(duì)各向異性磁阻傳感器測(cè)量架空輸電線路導(dǎo)線上電流的基本原理進(jìn)行分析，設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于各向異性磁阻傳感器的電流的測(cè)量裝置。同時(shí)，為了解決各向異性磁阻傳感器暴露在強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)下測(cè)量靈敏度下降的問題設(shè)計(jì)并測(cè)試了置位/復(fù)位電路。通過在實(shí)驗(yàn)室構(gòu)建工頻電流以及雷電流模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境，對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的電流測(cè)量裝置進(jìn)行了性能測(cè)試，測(cè)試表明該裝置能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)導(dǎo)線上工頻以及暫態(tài)電流的非接觸式測(cè)量，并且具有安全性好、體積小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The research of direct lightning pattern recognition is the basis of analyzing the cause of lightning strike accident and identifying the responsibility of lightning strike fault. It can provide an important technical means for the design and reconstruction of overhead transmission line differential lightning protection. On the basis of analyzing the research status of lightning strike overhead transmission line type identification at home and abroad, this paper studies the identification of direct strike lightning type of overhead transmission line from two aspects: identification method and measurement method. In this paper, based on the ATP-EMTP simulation software, the simulation model of the actual transmission line with transient current traveling wave monitoring system is established, considering the lightning shielding effect of the lightning protection line. The lightning current with different amplitudes is selected to simulate the lightning around and the top of the tower. Combined with the physical process of the current generation on the conductor after lightning strike, the waveform characteristics of the three-phase conductor current under various lightning strike conditions are analyzed. Secondly, aiming at various flashover situations caused by lightning strike, based on the analysis of space electromagnetic coupling between transmission line conductors, the number of lightning current injected phase is judged by the energy ratio relationship between three phase conductors, and the direct strike lightning is divided into three categories. In addition, the identification criterion is constructed by extracting the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of traverse current waveforms in each sub-classification, and finally realizing the identification of direct strike lightning on transmission lines. On the basis of this, the program of lightning strike type identification of transmission line is compiled by using C # language on .NET platform, and the lightning strike type of measured data is analyzed preliminarily. Finally, in order to analyze the type of direct lightning strike more deeply, the transient current traveling wave caused by lightning strike overhead transmission line is measured and the power frequency current on the wire is monitored at the same time. The basic principle of measuring the current on overhead transmission lines with anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor is analyzed. A measuring device based on anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor is designed. At the same time, in order to solve the problem that the sensitivity of anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor decreases when exposed to high magnetic field, a position / reset circuit is designed and tested. By constructing the power frequency current and lightning current simulation environment in the laboratory, the performance of the designed current measuring device is tested. The test results show that the device can realize the non-contact measurement of the power frequency and transient current on the wire. The utility model has the advantages of good safety and small size.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM863

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