發(fā)布時間：2018-10-05 08:23

【摘要】：鉛酸電池因其生產工藝成熟、價格低廉、安全性高等傳統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點，一直以來占據著二次電池市場的重要份額。但鉛酸電池本身存在著比容量低等諸多缺點。而雙極性鉛酸電池的特殊結構則使之具有內阻低，電流密度分布均勻，電池比能量高，比功率高，電池結構緊湊等優(yōu)點，，很好地吻合了電動汽車與電動自行車對電池的要求。雙極性鉛酸電池中的關鍵部件為雙極性基板。本文在鈦基體上進行電鍍鉛或鉛錫合金，提高鍍層與鈦基體的結合力，可以得到符合要求的導電基板。 本文首先對鈦的前處理方法進行了研究。確定了打磨、除油、水洗、浸蝕、水洗、粗化處理、水洗、活化處理的工藝流程。重點考察了浸蝕方案以得到新鮮鈦基體、粗化方案以加強機械結合力、以及活化方案以得到一層有利于顯著提高表面結合力的氫化膜。并對粗化方案與活化方案進行優(yōu)化，以提高效率，最后得到了與鍍層結合力好的鈦表面。 通過研究不同絡合劑與不同添加劑的鍍鉛體系，確定了以TP-2為添加劑的焦磷酸鹽鍍鉛體系，鍍層白亮平整，結合力良好，厚度足夠。并且鍍液成分簡單，容易配制與維護。進一步研究后得到了優(yōu)化工藝為乙酸鉛60-64g/L，焦磷酸鉀200-240g/L，TP-22.5-5g/L，陰極電流密度范圍：0.5-1.5A/dm2，溫度范圍：35-45℃，磁力攪拌或攪拌漿攪拌。 在鍍鉛體系的基礎上，添加硫酸亞錫作為錫鹽，得到了外觀類似于純鉛鍍層。優(yōu)化工藝為乙酸鉛62g/L，焦磷酸鉀220g/L，硫酸亞錫1.67g/L，TP-22.5g/L，陰極電流密度：1A/dm2，溫度：35℃，磁力攪拌或攪拌漿攪拌，得到的鍍層錫含量為1.3%。 使用鍍鉛和鍍鉛錫鈦基板組裝了雙極性鉛酸電池，充放電測試表明，鍍覆純鉛鍍層的一組在60次循環(huán)之后，放電容量保持率僅為22.5%。而鍍覆鉛錫鍍層的一組為80.6%，遠遠高于前者。
[Abstract]:Lead acid battery has been occupying an important share of secondary battery market because of its traditional advantages such as mature production process, low price and high safety. But lead acid battery itself has many disadvantages such as low specific capacity and so on. The special structure of bipolar lead-acid battery has the advantages of low internal resistance, uniform distribution of current density, high specific energy, high specific power and compact battery structure, which is in good agreement with the requirements of electric vehicle and electric bicycle for batteries. The key component of the bipolar lead acid battery is the bipolar substrate. In this paper, lead or lead-tin alloy was electroplated on titanium substrate to improve the adhesion between the coating and the titanium substrate, and the conductive substrates which meet the requirements could be obtained. In this paper, the pretreatment method of titanium is studied. The processes of grinding, oil removal, washing, erosion, washing, coarsening, washing and activating are determined. Emphasis was placed on the etching scheme to obtain fresh titanium matrix, coarsening scheme to enhance mechanical adhesion, and activation scheme to obtain a hydrogenated film that could significantly improve the surface adhesion. The coarsening scheme and activation scheme were optimized to improve the efficiency. Finally, the titanium surface with good adhesion to the coating was obtained. Based on the study of lead plating system with different complexing agents and additives, the pyrophosphate lead plating system with TP-2 as additive was determined. The coating was white and smooth, with good adhesion and sufficient thickness. And the composition of the bath is simple and easy to be prepared and maintained. After further study, the optimized process was obtained as follows: lead acetate 60-64g / L, potassium pyrophosphate 200-240g / L, TP-22.5-5g / L, cathode current density: 0.5-1.5A / dm2, temperature: 35-45 鈩

本文編號：2252679