發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-04 18:56

【摘要】：對(duì)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行能效動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估的一個(gè)重要方法是等效電路法,即利用異步電機(jī)等效電路參數(shù)求解電機(jī)內(nèi)部各項(xiàng)損耗,進(jìn)而估算得出電機(jī)效率。但電機(jī)參數(shù)在不同工況下變化明顯,若不對(duì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行在線(xiàn)辨識(shí),系統(tǒng)能效評(píng)估往往達(dá)不到預(yù)期的效果,進(jìn)而不能及時(shí)有效地采用節(jié)能措施,會(huì)造成很大的電能浪費(fèi)。因此,為了能夠利用該方法對(duì)電機(jī)能效進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確評(píng)估,首先需要解決的問(wèn)題就是對(duì)電機(jī)等效電路參數(shù)進(jìn)行在線(xiàn)辨識(shí),進(jìn)而利用辨識(shí)得到的參數(shù),完成電機(jī)能效的在線(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估。本文通過(guò)理論分析、仿真計(jì)算以及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)異步電機(jī)參數(shù)的在線(xiàn)辨識(shí)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究,主要工作如下： 1.針對(duì)異步電機(jī)傳統(tǒng)的空載—短路試驗(yàn)法獲取等效電路參數(shù)的弊端,提出帶遺忘因子遞推最小二乘法的參數(shù)辨識(shí)方法。首先,利用基于dq0坐標(biāo)系的異步電機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)方程,推導(dǎo)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)最小二乘法形式的電機(jī)參數(shù)辨識(shí)模型；在充分考慮影響辨識(shí)結(jié)果因素的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一種帶遺忘因子遞推最小二乘法的參數(shù)辨識(shí)算法；最后,以37kW、11kW和5.5kW三臺(tái)電機(jī)為仿真實(shí)例,并對(duì)其中的5.5kW電機(jī)進(jìn)行參數(shù)辨識(shí)的試驗(yàn)研究。仿真和試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,文中提出的辨識(shí)方法能有效的在線(xiàn)辨識(shí)電機(jī)的等效電路參數(shù)。 2.考慮到上述方法中,轉(zhuǎn)子電阻的辨識(shí)精度受轉(zhuǎn)速影響較大,研究了可計(jì)及轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng)的基于RLS與MRAS的鼠籠式異步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子電阻在線(xiàn)辨識(shí)方法。以一臺(tái)5.5kW異步電機(jī)為例進(jìn)行了仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,并將參數(shù)辨識(shí)方法應(yīng)用于11000kW電機(jī)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)例分析。結(jié)果表明,文中方法適用于轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng)明顯且轉(zhuǎn)子電阻變化較大的電機(jī)復(fù)雜運(yùn)行工況,且具有計(jì)算量少、準(zhǔn)確度高以及較好的動(dòng)態(tài)跟蹤辨識(shí)性能。 3.文中將上述電機(jī)參數(shù)在線(xiàn)辨識(shí)方法用于實(shí)際的電機(jī)能效動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估。以一臺(tái)5.5kW電機(jī)為例,利用參數(shù)辨識(shí)方法獲取電機(jī)參數(shù),運(yùn)用等效電路法評(píng)估出電機(jī)的能效水平；并與傳統(tǒng)的扭矩儀試驗(yàn)方法的能效評(píng)估結(jié)果對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了文中提出的異步電機(jī)參數(shù)在線(xiàn)辨識(shí)方法的正確性與可行性。
[Abstract]:An important method for dynamic evaluation of motor energy efficiency is the equivalent circuit method, that is, the equivalent circuit parameters are used to solve the internal losses of the motor, and then the efficiency of the motor is estimated. However, the motor parameters change obviously under different working conditions. If the parameters are not identified on line, the system energy efficiency evaluation often can not achieve the desired results, and then can not use energy saving measures in time and effectively, which will cause a lot of energy waste. Therefore, in order to accurately evaluate the motor energy efficiency using this method, the first problem to be solved is to identify the equivalent circuit parameters online, and then to use the identified parameters to complete the on-line dynamic evaluation of motor energy efficiency. In this paper, the on-line identification of asynchronous motor parameters is systematically studied through theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental research. The main work is as follows: 1. Aiming at the drawback of the traditional no-load short-circuit test method to obtain the equivalent circuit parameters of asynchronous motor, a recursive least square method with forgetting factor is proposed for parameter identification. First of all, using the dynamic equation of asynchronous motor based on dq0 coordinate system, the identification model of motor parameters in the form of standard least square method is derived. A parameter identification algorithm based on recursive least square method with forgetting factor is designed. Finally, three electrical machines, 37kW 11kW and 5.5kW, are taken as simulation examples, and the experimental research on parameter identification of 5.5kW motor is carried out. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed identification method can effectively identify the equivalent circuit parameters of the motor. 2. Considering that the accuracy of rotor resistance identification is greatly affected by rotational speed, an on-line rotor resistance identification method based on RLS and MRAS for squirrel cage induction motor is studied. The simulation and experiment of a 5.5kW asynchronous motor are carried out, and the method of parameter identification is applied to the field analysis of 11000kW motor. The results show that the proposed method is suitable for complex operating conditions of motor with obvious fluctuation of rotational speed and large variation of rotor resistance, and has the advantages of less calculation, higher accuracy and better dynamic tracking and identification performance. 3. In this paper, the on-line identification method of motor parameters is applied to the dynamic evaluation of motor energy efficiency. Taking a 5.5kW motor as an example, the parameter identification method is used to obtain the motor parameters, and the equivalent circuit method is used to evaluate the motor energy efficiency level, and the results are compared with those of the traditional torque-meter test method. The correctness and feasibility of the proposed on-line identification method for asynchronous motor parameters are further verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM343

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本文編號(hào)：2251500