大容量電力電子分布式控制系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-18 18:52
【摘要】：隨著電力電子器件技術(shù)、信息和控制技術(shù)的日益進步,智能化、模塊化、中高壓、大容量、高功率密度、高可維護性和高可靠性是現(xiàn)代電力電子變流技術(shù)的一個重要發(fā)展方向。對于我國未來的航母與大型艦船來說,電力推進系統(tǒng)、大容量區(qū)域配電系統(tǒng)、高能武器系統(tǒng)等分系統(tǒng)中大都包含有大容量或超大容量(MW級到數(shù)百MW級)的電力電子變流裝置,然而在這些變流裝置中,由于功率開關(guān)器件、控制變量以及反饋變量等的數(shù)目都非常多,若采用傳統(tǒng)的集中式控制架構(gòu)和控制方式,會使得系統(tǒng)不具備模塊化功能,電磁自兼容性較差,通用性差,難以對控制系統(tǒng)進行重新配置,且大量的點對點通訊和內(nèi)部的連接線,直接導(dǎo)致了系統(tǒng)的可靠性和可維護性差,控制系統(tǒng)和通信結(jié)構(gòu)會變得更加復(fù)雜,不利于電力電子變流器系統(tǒng)的模塊化、分布式、可靠性、可維護性和智能化程度的改善,因此在該方面存在一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題迫切需要解決。本文以24MVA級十五相推進變頻器為主要研究對象,分析和研究一種高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信的變流器分布式控制系統(tǒng),主要對這種基于高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信的十五相推進變頻器分布式控制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題進行研究。 根據(jù)十五相推進變頻器的空間分布特性,對變頻器的功率級和控制級進行了模塊劃分,并建立了一種基于傳統(tǒng)高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信的十五相推進變頻器分布式控制系統(tǒng)。對這種環(huán)網(wǎng)通信用硬件控制器的功能進行了詳細(xì)的分析與設(shè)計,并根據(jù)十五相推進變頻器的工作特點,制定了一種適用于這種高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信的通信協(xié)議。 針對傳統(tǒng)高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)存在著固有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)延時問題,詳細(xì)分析了環(huán)網(wǎng)通信拓?fù)渲袉螛虮劬W(wǎng)絡(luò)延時和串行橋臂網(wǎng)絡(luò)延時對輸出電壓諧波的影響,仿真結(jié)果驗證了理論推導(dǎo)的正確性,為解決環(huán)網(wǎng)通信分布式拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)中的同步問題提供了理論依據(jù)。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信的特點,提出了一種系統(tǒng)同步延時自動測量和補償?shù)姆椒?可以根據(jù)各節(jié)點之間光纖線長度的不同,自動計算出系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)和命令信息通過每個節(jié)點的處理延時,通用性高,且通信協(xié)議和軟件編程簡單,并通過實驗驗證了該方法的正確性和可行性。 針對傳統(tǒng)高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信中網(wǎng)絡(luò)延時較大,網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)需要經(jīng)過每一從節(jié)點的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),且其已有的同步方法存在著同步延時和誤差積累的問題,本文提出了一種新穎的可切換式高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),分析了這種拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的工作模式和同步延時模型,并提出了一種適用于該種網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)涞母咝阅芡椒椒?其同步精度可達(dá)到8ns,且不存在有同步誤差積累的問題。 針對已有SPWM(正弦脈沖寬度調(diào)制)逆變器中的窄脈沖補償技術(shù)會影響電機起動和低速性能,增加電機的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動,本文提出了一種SPWM調(diào)制方式下的適用于分布式控制系統(tǒng)的基于零序偏置量注入的三電平窄脈沖補償方法,可以有效的提高電機的低速性能和減小電機的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動。此外,經(jīng)試驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在變流器的某種工況下,死區(qū)時間的引入造成了IGBT的開通和關(guān)斷時間拉長的現(xiàn)象。本文對這種現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生機理進行了詳細(xì)的理論分析與試驗驗證,可為電力電子工程研究人員對電力電子變流器系統(tǒng)死區(qū)補償?shù)难芯刻峁﹨⒖?同時也為日益發(fā)展的有源門極驅(qū)動技術(shù)提供了理論依據(jù)。 最后,將本文研究的相關(guān)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到十五相推進變頻器分布式控制系統(tǒng)中,對這種基于傳統(tǒng)高速光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)通信的分布式控制系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)通信和基本功能進行了試驗驗證。試驗結(jié)果表明了這種十五相推進變頻器分布式控制系統(tǒng)的正確性,同時也反映了本文所研究的相關(guān)技術(shù)的正確性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the development of power electronic device technology, information and control technology, intelligent, modular, medium and high voltage, large capacity, high power density, high maintainability and high reliability are an important development direction of modern power electronic converter technology. Power electronic converters with large or super-large capacities (MW to hundreds of MW) are mostly included in distribution systems and high-energy weapon systems. However, in these converters, the number of power switching devices, control variables and feedback variables is very large, if the traditional centralized control architecture and control methods are adopted. It will make the system do not have modular function, poor electromagnetic self-compatibility, poor versatility, difficult to reconfigure the control system, and a large number of point-to-point communication and internal connection lines, directly lead to poor reliability and maintainability of the system, control system and communication structure will become more complex, not conducive to power electronic converter The modularization, distribution, reliability, maintainability and intellectualization of the system are improved, so there are some key technical problems to be solved urgently. In this paper, a high-speed fiber-optic loop network communication converter distributed control system is analyzed and studied based on 24MVA fifteen-phase propulsion inverter. The key technology of the distributed control system of 15-phase propulsion inverter based on high-speed fiber-optic loop network communication is studied.
According to the spatial distribution characteristics of 15-phase propulsion frequency converter, the power level and control level of the inverter are divided into modules, and a 15-phase propulsion frequency converter distributed control system based on traditional high-speed fiber ring network communication is established. According to the working characteristics of 15-phase propulsion inverter, a communication protocol suitable for this kind of high-speed optical fiber ring network communication is developed.
Aiming at the inherent network delay problem in traditional high-speed fiber ring network, the influence of single-leg network delay and serial-leg network delay on output voltage harmonics in ring network communication topology is analyzed in detail. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical derivation and provide a solution to the synchronization problem in distributed topology of ring network communication. Theoretical basis. According to the characteristics of traditional high-speed fiber-optic ring network communication, a method of automatic measurement and compensation of system synchronous delay is proposed. According to the length of fiber-optic line between nodes, the system data and command information can be calculated automatically through the processing delay of each node, which has high universality and simple communication protocol and software programming. The correctness and feasibility of the method are verified by experiments.
Aiming at the problem of large network delay in traditional high-speed fiber-optic ring network communication, network data need to be forwarded by each slave node, and the existing synchronization methods have synchronization delay and error accumulation problems, a novel switchable high-speed fiber-optic ring network communication topology is proposed in this paper, and the working mode of this topology is analyzed. A high performance synchronization method suitable for this network topology is proposed. The synchronization precision can reach 8 ns and there is no synchronization error accumulation problem.
In view of the narrow pulse compensation technology in the existing SPWM (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) inverter will affect the starting and low-speed performance of the motor and increase the torque ripple of the motor, this paper proposes a three-level narrow pulse compensation method based on zero-sequence bias injection for distributed control system under SPWM modulation mode, which can effectively improve the performance of the motor. In addition, it is found that the introduction of dead-time leads to the phenomenon of IGBT switching on and off time lengthening under a certain working condition of the converter. This paper gives a detailed theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the mechanism of this phenomenon, which can be used for power electronic engineering research. Researchers provide reference for the dead-time compensation of power electronic converter system, and also provide theoretical basis for the increasingly developed active gate drive technology.
Finally, the related technologies are applied to the distributed control system of 15-phase propulsion inverter, and the data communication and basic functions of the distributed control system based on the traditional high-speed fiber-optic loop network communication are tested. The experimental results show that the distributed control system of the 15-phase propulsion inverter is correct. It also reflects the correctness and feasibility of the related technologies studied in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM921.5
本文編號：2248792
[Abstract]:With the development of power electronic device technology, information and control technology, intelligent, modular, medium and high voltage, large capacity, high power density, high maintainability and high reliability are an important development direction of modern power electronic converter technology. Power electronic converters with large or super-large capacities (MW to hundreds of MW) are mostly included in distribution systems and high-energy weapon systems. However, in these converters, the number of power switching devices, control variables and feedback variables is very large, if the traditional centralized control architecture and control methods are adopted. It will make the system do not have modular function, poor electromagnetic self-compatibility, poor versatility, difficult to reconfigure the control system, and a large number of point-to-point communication and internal connection lines, directly lead to poor reliability and maintainability of the system, control system and communication structure will become more complex, not conducive to power electronic converter The modularization, distribution, reliability, maintainability and intellectualization of the system are improved, so there are some key technical problems to be solved urgently. In this paper, a high-speed fiber-optic loop network communication converter distributed control system is analyzed and studied based on 24MVA fifteen-phase propulsion inverter. The key technology of the distributed control system of 15-phase propulsion inverter based on high-speed fiber-optic loop network communication is studied.
According to the spatial distribution characteristics of 15-phase propulsion frequency converter, the power level and control level of the inverter are divided into modules, and a 15-phase propulsion frequency converter distributed control system based on traditional high-speed fiber ring network communication is established. According to the working characteristics of 15-phase propulsion inverter, a communication protocol suitable for this kind of high-speed optical fiber ring network communication is developed.
Aiming at the inherent network delay problem in traditional high-speed fiber ring network, the influence of single-leg network delay and serial-leg network delay on output voltage harmonics in ring network communication topology is analyzed in detail. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical derivation and provide a solution to the synchronization problem in distributed topology of ring network communication. Theoretical basis. According to the characteristics of traditional high-speed fiber-optic ring network communication, a method of automatic measurement and compensation of system synchronous delay is proposed. According to the length of fiber-optic line between nodes, the system data and command information can be calculated automatically through the processing delay of each node, which has high universality and simple communication protocol and software programming. The correctness and feasibility of the method are verified by experiments.
Aiming at the problem of large network delay in traditional high-speed fiber-optic ring network communication, network data need to be forwarded by each slave node, and the existing synchronization methods have synchronization delay and error accumulation problems, a novel switchable high-speed fiber-optic ring network communication topology is proposed in this paper, and the working mode of this topology is analyzed. A high performance synchronization method suitable for this network topology is proposed. The synchronization precision can reach 8 ns and there is no synchronization error accumulation problem.
In view of the narrow pulse compensation technology in the existing SPWM (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) inverter will affect the starting and low-speed performance of the motor and increase the torque ripple of the motor, this paper proposes a three-level narrow pulse compensation method based on zero-sequence bias injection for distributed control system under SPWM modulation mode, which can effectively improve the performance of the motor. In addition, it is found that the introduction of dead-time leads to the phenomenon of IGBT switching on and off time lengthening under a certain working condition of the converter. This paper gives a detailed theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the mechanism of this phenomenon, which can be used for power electronic engineering research. Researchers provide reference for the dead-time compensation of power electronic converter system, and also provide theoretical basis for the increasingly developed active gate drive technology.
Finally, the related technologies are applied to the distributed control system of 15-phase propulsion inverter, and the data communication and basic functions of the distributed control system based on the traditional high-speed fiber-optic loop network communication are tested. The experimental results show that the distributed control system of the 15-phase propulsion inverter is correct. It also reflects the correctness and feasibility of the related technologies studied in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM921.5
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