適用于微網(wǎng)儲能的磁懸浮飛輪電池結構優(yōu)化設計與仿真
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-18 16:37
【摘要】：微電網(wǎng)能夠有效緩解傳統(tǒng)電力工業(yè)在能源和環(huán)境危機中面臨的巨大壓力。但是發(fā)電、用電錯時中造成的能量損失以及分布式電源的不穩(wěn)定性對微網(wǎng)的應用效果影響巨大。因此微網(wǎng)中的儲能裝置需具備大容量及良好的快速充放電特性。磁懸浮飛輪電池具有儲能密度高、無污染、充放電快速以及無充放電次數(shù)限制等其它儲能裝置所不能比擬的優(yōu)點而非常適用于微網(wǎng)儲能。但相比在其它領域應用,微網(wǎng)中的磁懸浮飛輪電池需具備更穩(wěn)定的動態(tài)特性、更高的能量密度以及更低的系統(tǒng)功耗。為了實現(xiàn)這一目標,本文在磁懸浮飛輪電池的結構方面展開了研究并對其進行了優(yōu)化設計。首先,研究了磁懸浮飛輪電池的支承系統(tǒng)。在研究的基礎上,建立了磁懸浮軸承的數(shù)學模型來研究分析其磁力、剛度和阻尼特性。通過對這些特性的參數(shù)分析,為之后的磁懸浮飛輪轉子的研究以及今后控制器的設計奠定理論基礎。其次,通過建立典型磁懸浮飛輪轉子的運動方程來研究轉子的動力學特性。并在此基礎上運用有限元軟件SAMCEF ROTOR對飛輪轉子進行動力學仿真分析。首先分析得到的自由狀態(tài)下轉子的模態(tài)頻率和模態(tài)振型,然后根據(jù)其模態(tài)分析了磁懸浮軸承的支撐剛度、支撐跨度、支撐軸承個數(shù)、轉子軸伸長度以及轉子本身的結構參數(shù)對飛輪轉子的臨界轉速和模態(tài)的影響,為之后設計適用于微網(wǎng)儲能飛輪的轉子提供參考。此外,本文還分析了典型飛輪轉子在不同的加速過程中,受到不平衡載荷時的位移瞬態(tài)響應,重點分析了不同加速度對轉子位移瞬態(tài)響應的影響,為電機的控制和加速方案設計提供參考,使飛輪具有更穩(wěn)定的動態(tài)特性。接著,按照微網(wǎng)對磁懸浮儲能飛輪電池的要求,結合之前支承系統(tǒng)及轉子動力學特性的研究結論,提出以單個飛輪電池最大儲能量3.75㈣為設計基礎,以飛輪的質(zhì)量體積綜合能量密度為優(yōu)化目標,以飛輪的極限轉速低于彎曲臨界轉速,使飛輪始終工作在剛性狀態(tài)為設計目標,優(yōu)化設計了飛輪結構、軸向混合磁懸浮軸承以及一種新型徑向Halbach混合磁懸浮軸承。并將飛輪和軸承結合,設計了一種新型支承結構,實現(xiàn)整個飛輪電池僅靠一個徑向混合磁懸浮軸承和一個軸向混合磁懸浮磁軸承支撐,使支撐結構非常緊湊,達到減小系統(tǒng)體積和重量、縮短飛輪轉子軸向長度、減小系統(tǒng)功耗、大幅度提高飛輪彎曲臨界轉速的目的。最后,通過ANSOFT Maxwell軟件對設計的磁軸承進行磁路仿真和運動耦合性分析,驗證磁軸承設計的合理性。通過SAMCEF ROTOR軟件分析轉子的臨界轉速及相應的模態(tài)來驗證整個支承系統(tǒng)設計的合理性。
[Abstract]:Microgrid can effectively relieve the great pressure of traditional power industry in the energy and environmental crisis. However, the energy loss caused by power generation and power stagger and the instability of distributed power have great influence on the application effect of microgrid. Therefore, the energy storage device in the microgrid should have large capacity and good rapid charge and discharge characteristics. Maglev flywheel batteries have the advantages of high energy storage density, no pollution, fast charging and discharging, and no limit of charge and discharge times, and so on, so they are very suitable for microgrid energy storage. However, compared with other applications, maglev flywheel batteries in microgrids need more stable dynamic characteristics, higher energy density and lower system power consumption. In order to achieve this goal, the structure of maglev flywheel battery is studied and optimized. Firstly, the supporting system of maglev flywheel battery is studied. On the basis of the research, a mathematical model of magnetic bearing is established to study and analyze its magnetic force, stiffness and damping characteristics. Through the analysis of the parameters of these characteristics, the theoretical foundation is established for the research of the maglev flywheel rotor and the design of the controller in the future. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the rotor are studied by establishing the motion equation of the typical maglev flywheel rotor. On this basis, the finite element software SAMCEF ROTOR is used to analyze the dynamics of flywheel rotor. The modal frequencies and modal modes of the rotor in free state are analyzed firstly, and then the supporting stiffness, support span and the number of supporting bearings are analyzed according to their modes. The influence of rotor shaft elongation and rotor structure parameters on the critical speed and mode of flywheel rotor provides a reference for the design of micro-grid flywheel rotor. In addition, the transient displacement response of a typical flywheel rotor subjected to unbalanced loads during different acceleration processes is analyzed, and the effect of different accelerations on the transient displacement response of the rotor is analyzed. It provides reference for the design of motor control and acceleration scheme, and makes the flywheel have more stable dynamic characteristics. Then, according to the requirement of microgrid for maglev energy storage flywheel battery, combined with the research conclusions of the former supporting system and rotor dynamic characteristics, the design base of the single flywheel battery with maximum energy storage 3.75 (4) is put forward. The flywheel structure is optimized by taking the mass and volume comprehensive energy density of the flywheel as the optimization objective, and the limit speed of the flywheel being lower than the critical bending speed, so that the flywheel will always work in the rigid state. Axial hybrid magnetic bearing and a new radial Halbach hybrid magnetic bearing. A new supporting structure is designed by combining the flywheel and the bearing. The whole flywheel battery is supported only by one radial hybrid magnetic bearing and one axial hybrid magnetic bearing, which makes the supporting structure very compact. It can reduce the volume and weight of the system, shorten the axial length of the flywheel rotor, reduce the power consumption of the system, and increase the critical speed of the flywheel bending greatly. Finally, the magnetic circuit simulation and motion coupling analysis of the magnetic bearing are carried out by ANSOFT Maxwell software to verify the rationality of the magnetic bearing design. The rationality of the design of the whole supporting system is verified by analyzing the critical speed and the corresponding modes of the rotor by SAMCEF ROTOR software.
【學位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM910.3
，
本文編號：2248496
[Abstract]:Microgrid can effectively relieve the great pressure of traditional power industry in the energy and environmental crisis. However, the energy loss caused by power generation and power stagger and the instability of distributed power have great influence on the application effect of microgrid. Therefore, the energy storage device in the microgrid should have large capacity and good rapid charge and discharge characteristics. Maglev flywheel batteries have the advantages of high energy storage density, no pollution, fast charging and discharging, and no limit of charge and discharge times, and so on, so they are very suitable for microgrid energy storage. However, compared with other applications, maglev flywheel batteries in microgrids need more stable dynamic characteristics, higher energy density and lower system power consumption. In order to achieve this goal, the structure of maglev flywheel battery is studied and optimized. Firstly, the supporting system of maglev flywheel battery is studied. On the basis of the research, a mathematical model of magnetic bearing is established to study and analyze its magnetic force, stiffness and damping characteristics. Through the analysis of the parameters of these characteristics, the theoretical foundation is established for the research of the maglev flywheel rotor and the design of the controller in the future. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the rotor are studied by establishing the motion equation of the typical maglev flywheel rotor. On this basis, the finite element software SAMCEF ROTOR is used to analyze the dynamics of flywheel rotor. The modal frequencies and modal modes of the rotor in free state are analyzed firstly, and then the supporting stiffness, support span and the number of supporting bearings are analyzed according to their modes. The influence of rotor shaft elongation and rotor structure parameters on the critical speed and mode of flywheel rotor provides a reference for the design of micro-grid flywheel rotor. In addition, the transient displacement response of a typical flywheel rotor subjected to unbalanced loads during different acceleration processes is analyzed, and the effect of different accelerations on the transient displacement response of the rotor is analyzed. It provides reference for the design of motor control and acceleration scheme, and makes the flywheel have more stable dynamic characteristics. Then, according to the requirement of microgrid for maglev energy storage flywheel battery, combined with the research conclusions of the former supporting system and rotor dynamic characteristics, the design base of the single flywheel battery with maximum energy storage 3.75 (4) is put forward. The flywheel structure is optimized by taking the mass and volume comprehensive energy density of the flywheel as the optimization objective, and the limit speed of the flywheel being lower than the critical bending speed, so that the flywheel will always work in the rigid state. Axial hybrid magnetic bearing and a new radial Halbach hybrid magnetic bearing. A new supporting structure is designed by combining the flywheel and the bearing. The whole flywheel battery is supported only by one radial hybrid magnetic bearing and one axial hybrid magnetic bearing, which makes the supporting structure very compact. It can reduce the volume and weight of the system, shorten the axial length of the flywheel rotor, reduce the power consumption of the system, and increase the critical speed of the flywheel bending greatly. Finally, the magnetic circuit simulation and motion coupling analysis of the magnetic bearing are carried out by ANSOFT Maxwell software to verify the rationality of the magnetic bearing design. The rationality of the design of the whole supporting system is verified by analyzing the critical speed and the corresponding modes of the rotor by SAMCEF ROTOR software.
【學位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM910.3
，
本文編號：2248496
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