【摘要】：電動自行車以其便捷、實用等優(yōu)點已成為越來越多市民短途出行的代步工具。與早期用直流電機驅動的電動自行車相比,目前普遍采用無刷直流電機進行驅動,電動自行車在舒適性、可操作性上得到了有效改善,但仍然存在行駛里程短,續(xù)航能力不足等問題。如何提高電動自行車的續(xù)航能力是該產業(yè)研究的熱點。因而研究電動自行車的能量回饋,提高其續(xù)航能力具有重要的理論意義與較高的實踐應用價值。本課題主要研究工作如下： 介紹了電動自行車的發(fā)展歷史及其相關控制技術的研究現狀,并重點分析了電動自行車能量回饋控制技術的研究現狀,詳細分析了無刷直流電機的結構特點、運行原理及其數學模型。 對電動自行車制動過程中的能量回饋方法進行了研究,分析了無刷直流電機能量回饋的基本原理,分析并比較了半橋斬波和全橋斬波兩種調制方式下的回饋制動過程和數學模型,并在此基礎上,提出了基于半橋斬波的電動自行車能量回饋制動的控制策略。 設計了DSP最小系統電路、電源電路、功率逆變電路、逆變橋驅動電路、電流檢測電路、過流過壓保護電路、PWM同相保護電路、信號處理電路、隔離濾波電路、液晶顯示電路等硬件電路。完成了位置信號采集程序、電機拖動控制程序、能量回饋控制程序、轉速計算程序、轉速PI閉環(huán)調節(jié)程序、欠壓和過流保護程序、顯示程序等軟件設計。搭建了以TMS320F2812為核心的電動自行車控制系統實驗平臺,并進行了聯機調試,實驗結果表明,本文所設計的電動自行車控制系統很好地實現了對電動自行車的控制,表現出了良好的穩(wěn)定性,并有效的提高了電動自行車的續(xù)航能力。
[Abstract]:With its convenience and practicality, electric bicycle has become a walking tool for more and more citizens to travel for short distances. Compared with the early electric bicycle driven by DC motor, brushless DC motor is widely used to drive the electric bicycle. The comfort and maneuverability of the electric bicycle are improved effectively, but the driving mileage is still short. Problems such as insufficient endurance. How to improve the endurance of electric bicycle is a hot spot in this industry. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and high practical application value to study the energy feedback of electric bicycle and improve its endurance. The main research work of this paper is as follows: the development history of the electric bicycle and the research status of the related control technology are introduced, and the research status of the energy feedback control technology of the electric bicycle is analyzed emphatically. The structure characteristics, operation principle and mathematical model of brushless DC motor are analyzed in detail. The energy feedback method in the braking process of electric bicycle is studied, and the basic principle of energy feedback of brushless DC motor is analyzed. This paper analyzes and compares the feedback braking process and mathematical model of half-bridge chopper and full-bridge chopper, and puts forward the control strategy of energy feedback braking for electric bicycle based on half-bridge chopper. The DSP minimum system circuit, power supply circuit, power inverter circuit, inverter bridge drive circuit, current detection circuit, overvoltage protection circuit, signal processing circuit, isolation filter circuit are designed. Liquid crystal display circuit and other hardware circuits. Position signal acquisition program, motor drive control program, energy feedback control program, speed calculation program, speed PI closed-loop adjustment program, under-voltage and over-current protection program, display program and other software design. The experimental platform of the electric bicycle control system based on TMS320F2812 is built, and the on-line debugging is carried out. The experimental results show that the control system of the electric bicycle designed in this paper realizes the control of the electric bicycle very well. It shows good stability and effectively improves the ability of electric bicycle.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM33;U484

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本文編號：2235936