氫光儲聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)協(xié)調控制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-01 20:01
【摘要】：隨著傳統(tǒng)能源儲量的日趨枯竭以及環(huán)境污染的日益嚴重,各國越來越重視可再生能源的開發(fā)與利用。在常用的可再生能源中,太陽能和氫能因其儲量的豐富得到廣泛的研究和應用。但在實際應用中,獨立的光伏電池和燃料電池發(fā)電系統(tǒng)都存在各自的缺點:光伏電池輸出特性易受環(huán)境因素影響導致其輸出不穩(wěn)定;燃料電池輸出穩(wěn)定,但對負載的變化響應慢。這些缺點給人們利用氫能和太陽能帶來了困難。但從輸出特性來講,燃料電池和光伏電池具有很好的互補性,可通過建立聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的方式來彌補獨立光伏電池和燃料電池發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的不足。但聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)不是對獨立發(fā)電系統(tǒng)簡單的疊加,需要多種能源的協(xié)調配合,才能提高系統(tǒng)的安全性、穩(wěn)定性和經(jīng)濟性。因此本文針對氫光儲聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的協(xié)調控制進行了研究。首先對聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中涉及的燃料電池、光伏電池、蓄電池和功率轉換器進行了研究。對燃料電池、光伏電池和蓄電池的工作原理和數(shù)學模型進行了描述,并對其輸出特性進行了分析研究。結合各種能源的輸出特性,本文選取了一種交錯并聯(lián)Boost級聯(lián)全橋LLC的組合型DC/DC拓撲,并對其數(shù)學模型進行了研究。最后研究了單相離網(wǎng)型逆變器的拓撲和數(shù)學模型。其次對聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)采取分塊處理,分別針對燃料電池發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)和光伏電池發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)的架構和控制進行了詳細設計,主要針對系統(tǒng)對負載波動的平抑進行了設計。同時為了提高能源的利用率,應用變步長的擾動觀察法控制光伏電池和燃料電池工作在最大功率點,最后對DC/AC控制器進行了設計。然后整合燃料電池發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)和光伏電池發(fā)電子系統(tǒng),設計氫光儲聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的架構,并針對此聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設計了一種基于分層控制的協(xié)調控制策略:底層控制器負責快速響應負載的變化及完成發(fā)電設備最大功率點的跟蹤,上層控制器負責控制系統(tǒng)運行狀態(tài)跳轉以及按照設計的調度策略完成對光伏電池和燃料電池輸出功率的調度。最后以長壽命交流燃料電池備用電源電堆及系統(tǒng)項目為支撐,對本文設計的協(xié)調控制策略進行了仿真及實驗驗證。仿真及實驗結果表明:應用本文設計的協(xié)調控制策略,聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在各種工況下的輸出特性均滿足國家標準及項目要求,并且對于具體的調度目標均有明顯的優(yōu)化效果。
[Abstract]:With the depletion of traditional energy reserves and the increasingly serious environmental pollution, more and more countries attach importance to the development and utilization of renewable energy. Among the commonly used renewable energy sources, solar and hydrogen energy have been widely studied and applied due to their rich reserves. However, in practical applications, the independent photovoltaic cells and fuel cell power generation systems have their own shortcomings: the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells are easily affected by environmental factors, and the output of fuel cells is stable. But the response to load changes is slow. These disadvantages make it difficult for people to use hydrogen energy and solar energy. However, in terms of output characteristics, fuel cells and photovoltaic cells are complementary and can be used to make up for the shortcomings of independent photovoltaic cells and fuel cell power generation systems by establishing a combined generation system. But the combined generation system is not a simple superposition to the independent power generation system, it needs the coordination of various energy sources to improve the security, stability and economy of the system. Therefore, the coordinated control of hydrogen storage combined generation system is studied in this paper. Firstly, the fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, batteries and power converters involved in the combined generation system are studied. The working principle and mathematical model of fuel cell, photovoltaic cell and battery are described, and their output characteristics are analyzed and studied. Combined with the output characteristics of various energy sources, a combined DC/DC topology of staggered parallel Boost cascaded full-bridge LLC is selected and its mathematical model is studied. Finally, the topology and mathematical model of single-phase off-grid inverter are studied. Secondly, the combined generation system is divided into blocks, and the structure and control of the fuel cell electronic system and the photovoltaic system are designed in detail, and the load fluctuation of the system is mainly designed. At the same time, in order to improve the energy efficiency, the variable step perturbation observation method is used to control the photovoltaic cell and fuel cell working at the maximum power point. Finally, the DC/AC controller is designed. Then integrate the fuel cell generation electronic system with the photovoltaic cell electronic system, and design the framework of the hydrogen optical storage combined generation system. A coordinated control strategy based on hierarchical control is designed for the combined power generation system. The underlying controller is responsible for fast response to load changes and the tracking of the maximum power point of power generation equipment. The upper controller is responsible for controlling the system running state jump and scheduling the output power of photovoltaic cell and fuel cell according to the designed scheduling strategy. Finally, the coordinated control strategy designed in this paper is simulated and verified by experiments based on the long life AC fuel cell standby power stack and system project. The simulation and experimental results show that the output characteristics of the combined generation system meet the requirements of the national standard and the project under various operating conditions by using the coordinated control strategy designed in this paper.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM61
本文編號：2218196
[Abstract]:With the depletion of traditional energy reserves and the increasingly serious environmental pollution, more and more countries attach importance to the development and utilization of renewable energy. Among the commonly used renewable energy sources, solar and hydrogen energy have been widely studied and applied due to their rich reserves. However, in practical applications, the independent photovoltaic cells and fuel cell power generation systems have their own shortcomings: the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells are easily affected by environmental factors, and the output of fuel cells is stable. But the response to load changes is slow. These disadvantages make it difficult for people to use hydrogen energy and solar energy. However, in terms of output characteristics, fuel cells and photovoltaic cells are complementary and can be used to make up for the shortcomings of independent photovoltaic cells and fuel cell power generation systems by establishing a combined generation system. But the combined generation system is not a simple superposition to the independent power generation system, it needs the coordination of various energy sources to improve the security, stability and economy of the system. Therefore, the coordinated control of hydrogen storage combined generation system is studied in this paper. Firstly, the fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, batteries and power converters involved in the combined generation system are studied. The working principle and mathematical model of fuel cell, photovoltaic cell and battery are described, and their output characteristics are analyzed and studied. Combined with the output characteristics of various energy sources, a combined DC/DC topology of staggered parallel Boost cascaded full-bridge LLC is selected and its mathematical model is studied. Finally, the topology and mathematical model of single-phase off-grid inverter are studied. Secondly, the combined generation system is divided into blocks, and the structure and control of the fuel cell electronic system and the photovoltaic system are designed in detail, and the load fluctuation of the system is mainly designed. At the same time, in order to improve the energy efficiency, the variable step perturbation observation method is used to control the photovoltaic cell and fuel cell working at the maximum power point. Finally, the DC/AC controller is designed. Then integrate the fuel cell generation electronic system with the photovoltaic cell electronic system, and design the framework of the hydrogen optical storage combined generation system. A coordinated control strategy based on hierarchical control is designed for the combined power generation system. The underlying controller is responsible for fast response to load changes and the tracking of the maximum power point of power generation equipment. The upper controller is responsible for controlling the system running state jump and scheduling the output power of photovoltaic cell and fuel cell according to the designed scheduling strategy. Finally, the coordinated control strategy designed in this paper is simulated and verified by experiments based on the long life AC fuel cell standby power stack and system project. The simulation and experimental results show that the output characteristics of the combined generation system meet the requirements of the national standard and the project under various operating conditions by using the coordinated control strategy designed in this paper.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM61
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