【摘要】：論文主要明確鋰和鎳的合金（LAN）負極材料的特性，使LAN作為負極在熱電池中達到工程應用階段；還研究了釩復合氧化物（LVO）用作熱電池正極材料實現工程化應用的可行性，并就添加劑對LVO電性能的影響進行研究；探討了釩碳氧（VOC）材料用作熱電池正極材料的可行性。 通過浸滲法制備了LAN極材料；使用60V（120A）負載器以及放電數據采集器，試驗測試它的電化學性能情況；使用離心機，進行了試驗電池離心加速度試驗。 利用溴化鋰和氧化釩反應生成二氧化釩和鋰釩氧（LiV2O5+4VO2）來制備成分為釩復合氧化物的LVO材料；用XRD、TGA、DTA、SEM、DSC，使用負載器60V（120A），放電數據采集器等技術手段，測試了釩的復合氧化物正極材料LVO的性能。 本論文研究了成分為15wt%Li-Ni的LAN負極；同時還與44.32wt%Li的LiSi合金和31wt%Li的LiAl合金作了對比。結果表明：LAN負極電極電位與鋰硅合金、鋰鋁合金相比更負，LAN與FeS2正極配對時工作電壓更高，具體情況如：開路電壓ELANE鋰鋁合金E鋰硅合金；同時LAN負極大電流放電能力很強，它的脈沖輸出能力均大于鋰硅合金和鋰鋁合金，同樣脈沖下限電壓呈現：鋰硅合金小于鋰鋁合金，鋰鋁合金小于LAN的特點；電池在激活負載較大時，LAN電極材料作為負極，熱電池的激活時間較短，同樣情況，激活時間呈現：鋰硅合金長于鋰鋁合金，鋰鋁合金長于LAN的特點；電池在電流密度很大的條件下放電，LAN作為負極材料表現出較高的利用率，呈現以下特征：η鋰硅合金η鋰鋁合金ηLAN。匹配設計合理的電池結構，LAN負極材料做成的電池，試驗結果表明在電池徑向加上2100m/s2離心加速度作用下能夠平穩(wěn)放電，電池的電壓波動能夠滿足工程的需求。 釩的復合氧化物材料LVO成份為（LiV2O5加4VO2），該種材料的熱穩(wěn)定性很高可以達到700℃。LVO的結構主要是由大量結晶度很高的塊狀和片狀物體自稱，經過觀察其片狀直徑約為10μm；在材料中間還雜有很多細小的棉絮形狀的材料。LVO材料作為正極，應該添加導電添加劑，，本文采用的是大于0.16μm小于0.71μm范圍內的Ag粉和LiF·LiCl·LiBr組成的電解質鹽。與LVO正極材料適宜采用LiF·LiCl·LiBr添加氧化鎂組成的電解質。 使用氧化鎂電解質LiF·LiCl·LiBr，并添加14wt%左右的銀粉（0.16μmD0.71μm），當電池的I密度600mA/cm2， LVO作為正極的電池，在電壓大于1.7V時，其平均容量輸出大于120.0mAh/g；當I密度400mA/cm2，電池不加負載的電壓是2.43V，加載后電壓降到2.32V，相比較FeS2作為正極的電池，在同樣條件下測得的電壓（2.03V）高0.4V左右。另外VOC以及LVO材料中禁止使用膠體石墨和超細鎳粉作導電添加劑，因為這些采用可與正極發(fā)生有副反應。添加合適的導電添加劑，并配以適宜的電解質，LVO可以作為短時間工作、容量相對較小但電壓要求較高或者體積尺寸要求較小的工程項目。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the characteristics of lithium and nickel alloy (LAN) anode materials are clarified, and the engineering application of LAN as negative electrode in thermal battery is studied, and the feasibility of using vanadium compound oxide (LVO) as cathode material of thermal battery to realize engineering application is also studied. The effect of additives on the electrical properties of LVO was studied, and the feasibility of using vanadium carbon-oxygen (VOC) as cathode material for thermal battery was discussed. The LAN electrode material was prepared by infiltration method. The electrochemical performance of the material was tested by using 60V (120A) loader and discharge data collector, and the centrifugal acceleration test of the battery was carried out using centrifuge. Vanadium oxide and lithium vanadium oxide (LiV2O5 4VO2) were synthesized by the reaction of lithium bromide and vanadium oxide to prepare LVO materials with vanadium compound oxide, and the loading device 60V (120A) and discharge data collector were used by XRD,TGA,DTA,SEM,DSC,. The properties of vanadium composite oxide cathode material LVO were tested. In this paper, the LAN negative electrode with 15wt%Li-Ni composition is studied and compared with the LiSi alloy of 44.32wt%Li and the LiAl alloy of 31wt%Li. The results show that the working voltage of the negative electrode potential of the FeS2 alloy is higher than that of the lithium alloy and the lithium aluminum alloy, such as the open circuit voltage ELANE aluminum alloy E lithium silicon alloy, and the negative maximum current discharge capacity of LAN is very strong. Its pulse output ability is larger than that of lithium silicon alloy and lithium aluminum alloy, and the lower pulse voltage of lithium silicon alloy is smaller than that of lithium aluminum alloy and lithium aluminum alloy is smaller than LAN. The activation time of thermal battery is shorter. In the same situation, the activation time of lithium silicon alloy is longer than that of lithium aluminum alloy, and lithium aluminum alloy is longer than LAN. The following features are presented: 畏 Li Si alloy 畏 Li Al alloy 畏 LAN. The experimental results show that the battery can discharge smoothly under the action of radial and 2100m/s2 centrifugal acceleration, and the voltage fluctuation of the battery can meet the requirements of engineering. The composition of vanadium composite oxide material LVO is (LiV2O5 + 4VO2). The structure of the compound oxide material can reach 700 鈩

本文編號：2218106