【摘要】：煙風(fēng)道是電站鍋爐煙風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中的主要部件,在鍋爐運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,煙風(fēng)道起著運(yùn)輸空氣或者煙氣的重要作用。鍋爐運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,煙風(fēng)道需要承受自重、保溫重量、介質(zhì)壓力、積灰重量、風(fēng)載荷等各種載荷,而煙風(fēng)道墻板為薄板結(jié)構(gòu),強(qiáng)度較弱,難以承受各種載荷的單獨(dú)及共同作用,因此,合理選擇煙風(fēng)道墻板厚度及加強(qiáng)筋規(guī)格對(duì)煙風(fēng)道結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及成本控制至關(guān)重要。本文首先介紹了煙風(fēng)道墻板設(shè)計(jì)現(xiàn)行方法的理論知識(shí),如薄板大撓度彎曲問(wèn)題、加強(qiáng)筋彎曲和振動(dòng)問(wèn)題的求解方法,以及工程上煙風(fēng)道道體設(shè)計(jì)的方法。然后對(duì)煙風(fēng)道有限元法計(jì)算的相關(guān)有限元理論知識(shí)進(jìn)行了介紹,根據(jù)某工程的煙風(fēng)道設(shè)計(jì)圖,利用三維造型軟件Pro/E建立了矩形煙道、熱風(fēng)道和冷風(fēng)道的實(shí)體模型,將實(shí)體模型導(dǎo)入ANSYS后建立煙風(fēng)道的有限元模型,給出各部件的材料力學(xué)性能參數(shù),并給出了各段模型在工作運(yùn)行中可能受到的載荷以及其邊界條件等。針對(duì)煙風(fēng)道的強(qiáng)度、振動(dòng)和穩(wěn)定性的控制條件,對(duì)煙風(fēng)道進(jìn)行了靜力、模態(tài)和屈曲分析。根據(jù)這些分析,煙風(fēng)道能夠滿足強(qiáng)度和剛度條件,振動(dòng)頻率也符合設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范。在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)彎煙道進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),得到了各設(shè)計(jì)變量與煙道墻板應(yīng)力和槽鋼形變之間的關(guān)系,得出了各設(shè)計(jì)變量對(duì)目標(biāo)函數(shù)的影響程度,能夠有效的針對(duì)煙道進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)對(duì)500個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)點(diǎn)的計(jì)算,得出轉(zhuǎn)彎煙道最佳的設(shè)計(jì)點(diǎn),比初始設(shè)計(jì)點(diǎn)下轉(zhuǎn)彎煙道的重量減輕了13%,有效的降低了煙道的制造成本。本文基于工程實(shí)際情況,對(duì)某工程的煙風(fēng)道進(jìn)行了有限元分析計(jì)算和優(yōu)化分析,為煙風(fēng)道的設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考,具有工程實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:Flue gas duct is the main component of boiler flue gas system in power plant. In the process of boiler operation, flue gas duct plays an important role in transporting air or flue gas. During the operation of the boiler, the smoke duct needs to bear all kinds of loads such as weight, heat preservation weight, medium pressure, ash accumulation weight, wind load and so on, while the wall board of the flue duct is a thin plate structure, so the strength of the wall board is weak, so it is difficult to bear the single and common action of all kinds of loads. Therefore, it is very important to select the thickness of wall board and strengthen the reinforcement specification for the structure design and cost control of flue duct. This paper first introduces the theoretical knowledge of the existing methods for the design of smoke duct wall panels, such as the problem of large deflection bending of thin plates, the method of solving the bending and vibration problems of stiffeners, and the method of design of flue ducts in engineering. Then, the relevant theory of finite element method is introduced. According to the design diagram of a project, the solid models of rectangular flue, hot air duct and cold air duct are established by using 3D modeling software Pro/E. The finite element model of the flue is established by introducing the solid model into ANSYS, and the mechanical properties of each component are given, and the load and boundary conditions of the model are given. The static, modal and buckling analysis of the flue is carried out according to the control conditions of the strength, vibration and stability of the flue. According to these analyses, the smoke duct can satisfy the condition of strength and stiffness, and the vibration frequency also accords with the design code. On the basis of the above analysis, the optimum design of the turning flue is carried out, and the relationship between the design variables and the stress of the wall plate of the flue and the deformation of channel steel is obtained, and the influence of each design variable on the objective function is obtained. Can effectively carry on the optimization design for the flue. Through the calculation of 500 design points, the optimum design point of turning flue is obtained, which reduces the weight of turn flue by 13% compared with the initial design point, and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of flue. Based on the actual situation of the project, the finite element analysis and optimization analysis of the flue duct of a certain project are carried out in this paper, which provides a reference for the design of the flue duct and has practical significance in engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM621.2

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