【摘要】：摘要：國內(nèi)外學(xué)者在低溫余熱ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)研究中主要以理論計算和實驗研究為主,理論計算由于精度低非常不可靠,實驗研究則具有成本高、不易優(yōu)化等缺點。而采用計算機進(jìn)行模擬仿真是一種非常好的方法,能夠有效的克服理論計算和實驗研究帶來的弊端。本文提出利用模擬仿真的方法研究不同的外界參數(shù)對低溫余熱ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)其他參數(shù)和性能參數(shù)的影響,主要做了以下工作： 首先,本文概述了低溫余熱ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀,介紹了其原理及組成結(jié)構(gòu),對比分析了四種常用的低沸點干性工質(zhì)對系統(tǒng)的不同影響,理論計算表明R600a優(yōu)于其他三種工質(zhì)。選取R600a作為循環(huán)工質(zhì),設(shè)計了一套低溫余熱ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的物理原型,并選取了該物理原型中的膨脹機、蒸發(fā)器、冷凝器、工質(zhì)泵的型號。 其次,以O(shè)RC物理原型為研究對象,利用穩(wěn)態(tài)集中參數(shù)法對其建立了四大主要部件的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并分別給出了每個部件數(shù)學(xué)模型的具體算法。其中膨脹機和工質(zhì)泵采用集中參數(shù)法建模,冷凝器和蒸發(fā)器采用分區(qū)集中參數(shù)法建模,針對較復(fù)雜的蒸發(fā)器仿真數(shù)學(xué)模型的可靠性選取了某文獻(xiàn)中的數(shù)據(jù)對其進(jìn)行了驗證,結(jié)果表明所建模型仿真計算值與文獻(xiàn)中數(shù)據(jù)最大相對誤差不超過9%,模型是可靠的。最后利用質(zhì)量、動量和能量方程將四大部件耦合進(jìn)行求解,本文給出了耦合求解的具體算法流程�；贠RC系統(tǒng)的算法及物性軟件Refprop,利用Visual fortran軟件編制了ORC系統(tǒng)的仿真計算程序。 最后,利用以上建立的ORC系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真的數(shù)學(xué)模型對不同熱源溫度,熱源流量、冷卻水溫度、冷卻水流量以及工質(zhì)流量條件下ORC系統(tǒng)其他內(nèi)部參數(shù)和性能參數(shù)變化進(jìn)行仿真,根據(jù)仿真計算的結(jié)果定量地分析和研究熱源溫度,熱源流量、冷卻水溫度、冷卻水流量以及工質(zhì)流量對低溫余熱ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的蒸發(fā)溫度、冷凝溫度以及膨脹比等內(nèi)部參數(shù)和輸出功率、循環(huán)效率等性能參數(shù)的影響,仿真計算的結(jié)果為ORC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計和優(yōu)化提供了重要的數(shù)據(jù)參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Abstract: domestic and foreign scholars mainly focus on theoretical calculation and experimental research in the research of low-temperature waste heat ORC power generation system. The theoretical calculation is very unreliable because of its low precision, but the experimental research has the disadvantages of high cost and difficult to optimize. Computer simulation is a very good method, which can effectively overcome the shortcomings of theoretical calculation and experimental research. In this paper, the influence of different external parameters on other parameters and performance parameters of low-temperature waste heat ORC power generation system is studied by means of simulation. The main work is as follows: first, This paper summarizes the research status of low temperature waste heat ORC power generation system, introduces its principle and structure, compares and analyzes the different influences of four commonly used dry working fluids with low boiling point on the system. The theoretical calculation shows that R600a is superior to the other three working fluids. A physical prototype of a low-temperature afterheat ORC power generation system is designed by using R600a as a circulating working medium. The models of expander, evaporator, condenser and working fluid pump in the physical prototype are also selected. Secondly, taking the physical prototype of ORC as the research object, the mathematical models of the four main components are established by using the steady-state lumped parameter method, and the specific algorithms of the mathematical models of each component are given respectively. The expander and the working fluid pump are modeled by lumped parameter method, and the condenser and evaporator are modeled by zonal lumped parameter method. The reliability of the complicated mathematical model of evaporator simulation is verified by the data in some literature. The results show that the maximum relative error between the calculated value and the data in the literature is less than 9 and the model is reliable. Finally, the coupling of the four components is solved by the mass, momentum and energy equations. The detailed algorithm flow of the coupling solution is given in this paper. Based on the algorithm of ORC system and the physical property software Refprop, the simulation program of ORC system is compiled by using Visual fortran software. Finally, the mathematical model of steady state simulation of ORC system is used to simulate the change of other internal and performance parameters of ORC system under the conditions of different heat source temperature, heat source flow, cooling water temperature, cooling water flow and working fluid flow. According to the results of simulation, the evaporation temperature of heat source temperature, heat source flow rate, cooling water temperature, cooling water flow rate and working fluid flow rate on low temperature waste heat ORC power generation system are quantitatively analyzed and studied. The effects of internal parameters such as condensing temperature and expansion ratio, output power, cycle efficiency and other performance parameters are discussed. The simulation results provide an important data reference for the design and optimization of ORC power generation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM617

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