【摘要】：隨著近年來能源危機、環(huán)境污染和氣候變暖等問題的出現(xiàn)，人們的目光轉(zhuǎn)向了可再生能源的開發(fā)和利用。由于風(fēng)力發(fā)電綠色環(huán)保，可持續(xù)利用，世界各國都將其作為能源戰(zhàn)略的重要組成部分。隨著風(fēng)電規(guī)模越來越大，風(fēng)電在電網(wǎng)中所占比例逐年增加，風(fēng)電接入后對電網(wǎng)的影響越發(fā)凸顯。電網(wǎng)故障對以雙饋感應(yīng)發(fā)電機（DFIG）為主的風(fēng)電機組影響甚大。本文主要針對風(fēng)電機組的故障特性和低電壓穿越進行研究。 本文首先介紹了DFIG的運行原理，構(gòu)建了三相靜止坐標系和dq同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標系下的DFIG數(shù)學(xué)模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上介紹了網(wǎng)側(cè)變換器和轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)變換器的數(shù)學(xué)模型及作用，搭建了基于d軸電網(wǎng)電壓定向矢量控制的網(wǎng)側(cè)變換器和基于定子磁鏈定向矢量控制的轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)變換器控制框圖。 其次，詳細分析了對稱及不對稱故障情況下，DFIG的故障特性。推導(dǎo)出三種不對稱故障轉(zhuǎn)子感應(yīng)電動勢峰值的表達式，結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)變換器的控制能力揭示了轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)過電流的根本原因。由轉(zhuǎn)子感應(yīng)電動勢峰值與轉(zhuǎn)差率的函數(shù)曲線，以轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)最大控制電壓為約束，推導(dǎo)出三種不對稱故障的低電壓穿越域，以此來衡量轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)控制方法下DFIG對于不對稱故障的低電壓穿越能力。 最后，，在PSCAD中搭建DFIG風(fēng)電機組暫態(tài)仿真模型，分別以對稱故障和不對稱故障情況下DFIG故障特性進行仿真分析，并對推導(dǎo)所得的低電壓穿越域進行驗證。在并網(wǎng)點接入STATCOM，給出STATCOM容量的選取方法，通過仿真分析說明接入STATCOM后抬高了機端電壓，降低了轉(zhuǎn)子感應(yīng)電動勢峰值進而提高了風(fēng)電機組的低電壓穿越域。
[Abstract]:With the emergence of energy crisis, environmental pollution and climate warming in recent years, people have turned their attention to the development and utilization of renewable energy. Wind power generation is regarded as an important part of energy strategy all over the world because of its green environment and sustainable use. With the increasing scale of wind power, the proportion of wind power in power grid increases year by year, and the influence of wind power on power grid becomes more and more prominent. The fault of power grid has a great influence on the wind turbine which is dominated by the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). In this paper, the fault characteristics and low voltage traversing of wind turbine are studied. In this paper, the operation principle of DFIG is introduced, and the mathematical model of DFIG in three-phase stationary coordinate system and dq synchronous rotating coordinate system is constructed. On this basis, the mathematical models and functions of grid-side converter and rotor-side converter are introduced, and the control block diagram of grid-side converter based on voltage-oriented vector control of d-axis power network and rotor side converter based on stator flux directed vector control is constructed. Secondly, the fault characteristics of DFIG under symmetric and asymmetric faults are analyzed in detail. The expressions of the peak value of rotor induced electromotive force for three kinds of asymmetric faults are derived, and the fundamental cause of rotor side overcurrent is revealed in combination with the control ability of the rotor side converter. Based on the function curve between the peak value of rotor induction electromotive force and the slip rate and the maximum control voltage of rotor side, the low voltage traversing domain of three kinds of asymmetric faults is deduced. The low voltage traversing ability of DFIG for asymmetric faults under rotor side control is evaluated. Finally, the transient simulation model of DFIG wind turbine is built in PSCAD, and the characteristics of DFIG fault under symmetrical and asymmetric faults are simulated and analyzed respectively, and the derived low-voltage traversing domain is verified. The method of selecting the capacity of STATCOM is given by accessing the STATCOM, at the parallel node. The simulation results show that the terminal voltage is raised and the peak value of rotor induced electromotive force is reduced, and the low voltage traversing region of the wind turbine is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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