【摘要】：摘要：微網(wǎng)對分布式電源的有效整合利用,不僅解決了分布式電源分散接入電網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生的諧波對電網(wǎng)造成的問題,而且大大提高了電力系統(tǒng)的靈活性和安全可靠性。微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的能量優(yōu)化管理策略對于提高微網(wǎng)供電可靠性和運行經(jīng)濟性具有很重要的意義。本文研究的微網(wǎng)能量控制管理策略能夠保障微網(wǎng)的安全、穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟運行,下面是主要研究內(nèi)容： (1)針對微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)底層裝置的控制,介紹了微網(wǎng)各組成部分并對比分析了分布式電源的控制策略,其中包括恒功率控制、恒壓恒頻控制、下垂控制。基于交大微網(wǎng)實驗平臺驗證了微網(wǎng)底層裝置控制策略的有效性。 (2)以微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)底層裝置的控制策略為基礎(chǔ),進一步研究了微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的上層控制。針對并網(wǎng)運行模式下的微網(wǎng)能量優(yōu)化管理,首先將大電網(wǎng)負荷用電時段劃分為峰、平、谷三個時段并實時監(jiān)測蓄電池荷電狀態(tài)(State of Charge, SOC),根據(jù)所處的用電時段以及蓄電池的SOC確定使用何種優(yōu)化策略,根據(jù)優(yōu)化策略結(jié)果給各DG發(fā)布具體的能量優(yōu)化分配指令,使微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)化運行；建立能量優(yōu)化策略中所涉及的能量優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,并在目標函數(shù)中加入蓄電池放電罰函數(shù)以保證蓄電池始終維持一定的能量儲備；最后,通過Matlab編程,利用一個仿真算例驗證此控制策略的合理性和有效性。 (3)針對孤島運行模式下的微網(wǎng)能量優(yōu)化管理,將微網(wǎng)的能量優(yōu)化管理問題分為日前規(guī)劃和實時調(diào)度兩個方面。在日前規(guī)劃方面,通過求解建立的日前啟停優(yōu)化模型得到各可控型微源全天各時段的最優(yōu)啟停狀態(tài)；在實時調(diào)度方面,遵循日前計劃結(jié)果,分別針對包含與不包含儲能裝置的微網(wǎng)提出了對應(yīng)的兩種實時能量管理策略。針對包含儲能裝置的微網(wǎng),通過將蓄電池能量狀態(tài)劃分為四個區(qū)間并對其實時監(jiān)測,根據(jù)其能量狀態(tài)、凈負荷功率以及各DG出力來確定不同的能量調(diào)度策略,并引入切負荷和卸負荷作為功率調(diào)節(jié)手段。最后通過一個算例驗證所提出的微網(wǎng)能量優(yōu)化管理策略不僅能夠保證微網(wǎng)的安全、可靠、長期獨立運行,而且能夠減小對儲能裝置的容量需求,節(jié)約微網(wǎng)投資成本。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: the effective integration and utilization of distributed power generation by microgrid not only solves the problem of harmonics generated by distributed power supply, but also greatly improves the flexibility and safety of power system. The energy optimal management strategy of microgrid system is very important to improve the reliability and operation economy of microgrid power supply. The microgrid energy control management strategy studied in this paper can ensure the security, stability and economic operation of the microgrid. The following are the main contents: (1) for the control of the bottom device of the microgrid system, The control strategies of distributed power generation are compared and analyzed, including constant power control, constant voltage and frequency control and droop control. Based on the experimental platform of Jiaotong University, the effectiveness of the control strategy of the micro-grid device is verified. (2) based on the control strategy of the micro-grid system, the upper layer control of the micro-grid system is further studied. Aiming at the optimal management of microgrid energy in grid-connected operation mode, first of all, the load period of large power grid is divided into peak and level. Three periods of time and real-time monitoring of battery charging state (State of Charge, SOC), according to the time period and battery SOC to determine which optimization strategy to use, according to the results of the optimization strategy to each DG issued specific energy optimal allocation instructions. Make the microgrid system run optimally, establish the energy optimal scheduling model involved in the energy optimization strategy, and add the battery discharge penalty function to the objective function to ensure that the battery always maintains a certain energy reserve. Finally, through Matlab programming, A simulation example is used to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the control strategy. (3) the energy optimal management of microgrid is divided into two aspects: pre-day planning and real-time scheduling. In the aspect of pre-day planning, the optimal starting and stopping states of every controllable microsource are obtained by solving the pre-day start and stop optimization model, and in the aspect of real-time scheduling, the results of pre-day planning are followed. Two real-time energy management strategies are proposed for microgrids containing and without energy storage devices. By dividing the energy state of the battery into four regions and monitoring it in real time, according to the energy state, the net load power and the output of each DG, different energy scheduling strategies are determined. Load shedding and unloading are introduced as power regulation methods. Finally, an example is given to verify that the proposed microgrid energy optimization management strategy can not only ensure the security, reliability and long-term independent operation of the microgrid, but also reduce the capacity requirement of the energy storage device and save the investment cost of the microgrid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM73

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