【摘要】：鎂電池具有環(huán)境友好、放電性能優(yōu)異、工作溫度范圍寬、成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，成為研究熱點(diǎn)，并且我國的鎂儲(chǔ)量豐富，在開發(fā)鎂電池方面具有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)。但是由于鎂合金的耐腐蝕性能差，在電池使用中影響了電池使用壽命，以及放電時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)電壓滯后現(xiàn)象，，制約著鎂電池的發(fā)展。目前，鎂電池的研究?jī)?nèi)容主要有電極材料的研究，鎂合金負(fù)極在單組分電解液中電化學(xué)行為研究和單組分電解液中添加劑的研究，對(duì)鎂合金負(fù)極在復(fù)合電解液中的電化學(xué)行為研究較少，因此研究復(fù)合電解液對(duì)鎂電池的發(fā)展有重要意義。 論文以研究鎂合金負(fù)極在單組分電解液中電化學(xué)行為，提出了包括二組分、三組分的鎂電池復(fù)合電解液體系。利用線性電位掃描、開路電位測(cè)試、交流阻抗測(cè)試、恒流放電測(cè)試、電壓滯后時(shí)間測(cè)試、掃描電鏡、紅外光譜等方法對(duì)鎂電極在復(fù)合電解液中電化學(xué)性能以及浸泡時(shí)間對(duì)電極的電化學(xué)行為和電極表面膜層的影響進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明：在MgSO4溶液中，隨浸泡時(shí)間增加，鎂合金腐蝕嚴(yán)重，電壓滯后時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)；在Mg(ClO4)2溶液中，隨浸泡時(shí)間增加，電壓滯后時(shí)間能夠維持在2s內(nèi)。在Mg(ClO4)2+La(NO3)3溶液中，耐蝕性能得到提高，電壓滯后時(shí)間較短，放電過程中電位不平穩(wěn)；在Xmol/L Mg(ClO4)2+Ymol/L MgSO4+0.05mol/LLa(NO3)3(X=0.5,0.67；Y=1,0.67)三組分溶液體系中，Mg(ClO4)2和MgSO4的添加量對(duì)電壓滯后時(shí)間影響不大，隨浸泡時(shí)間增加，電壓滯后時(shí)間在2s內(nèi)，放電平穩(wěn)，La(NO3)3組分的加入提高了耐蝕性能；在1mol/L Mg(ClO4)2+Zmol/L MgSO4(Z=0.5,1.0)+0.05mmol/L La(NO3)3三組分溶液中，MgSO4濃度增加，腐蝕加速，電壓滯后時(shí)間縮短。綜合考慮，0.67mol/L Mg(ClO4)2+0.67mol/L MgSO4+0.05mol/L La(NO3)3三組分電解液是較優(yōu)復(fù)合電解液，具有放電平穩(wěn)，電壓滯后時(shí)間短，耐蝕性能好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Magnesium batteries have many advantages such as friendly environment, excellent discharge performance, wide range of operating temperature, low cost and so on. It has become a research hotspot in China, and has a unique advantage in the development of magnesium batteries because of its rich magnesium reserves. However, due to the poor corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy, the battery life is affected in battery use, and voltage lag occurs during discharge, which restricts the development of magnesium battery. At present, the main research contents of magnesium battery include electrode material, electrochemical behavior of magnesium alloy negative electrode in one component electrolyte and additives in one component electrolyte. There is little research on the electrochemical behavior of magnesium alloy anode in the composite electrolyte, so it is important to study the composite electrolyte for the development of magnesium battery. In order to study the electrochemical behavior of magnesium alloy negative electrode in single component electrolyte, a two-component and three-component magnesium battery composite electrolyte system was proposed. Linear potential scan, open circuit potential test, AC impedance test, constant current discharge test, voltage lag time test, scanning electron microscope, The electrochemical properties of magnesium electrode in composite electrolyte and the influence of immersion time on the electrochemical behavior of the electrode and the film layer on the surface of the electrode were studied by infrared spectroscopy. The results show that in MgSO4 solution, the corrosion of magnesium alloy is serious with the increase of immersion time, and the voltage lag time is longer in mg (ClO4) _ 2 solution, and the voltage lag time can be maintained within 2 seconds with the increase of immersion time in mg (ClO4) _ 2 solution. In mg (ClO4) _ 2La (NO3) _ 3 solution, the corrosion resistance of mg (ClO4) _ 2La (NO3) _ 3 solution was improved, the voltage lag time was shorter, the potential was not stable during discharge, and the addition of mg (ClO4) _ 2 and MgSO4 had little effect on the voltage lag time in the Xmol/L mg (ClO4) _ 2 Ymol/L MgSO4 0.05mol/LLa (NO3) _ 3 (XY _ (0.5) 0.67) _ (0.67) solution system. With the increase of immersion time, the corrosion resistance of La (NO3) _ 3 was improved by the addition of La (NO3) _ 3, and the concentration of MgSO _ 4 in 1mol/L mg (ClO4) _ 2 Zmol/L MgSO4 (Z _ (0.5) Zmol/L MgSO4) _ (1.0) 0.05mmol/L La (NO3) _ 3 solution increased, the corrosion accelerated and the voltage lag time shortened. It is considered that 0.67 mol / L mg (ClO4) 2 0.67mol/L MgSO4 0.05mol/L La (NO3) 3 electrolyte is an excellent composite electrolyte with the advantages of stable discharge, short voltage lag time and good corrosion resistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.1;O646

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