【摘要】：摘要：風／光、燃料電池等可再生能源發(fā)電是改善能源結(jié)構(gòu)和應對氣候變化的重大舉措。但隨著新能源在分布式發(fā)電(Distributed power generation, DG)系統(tǒng)中的不斷應用,其波動性和間歇性對電網(wǎng)的負面影響愈來愈顯著,主要表現(xiàn)為諧波污染、功率因數(shù)不合格、并網(wǎng)逆變器控制及無功不平衡等。本文對并網(wǎng)技術(shù)進行了深入研究,意在將新能源不同水平的交直流電轉(zhuǎn)換成高性能、低諧波的正弦交流電,實現(xiàn)分布式能源的安全高效并網(wǎng)。文章主要從下面幾個方面開展工作： 首先,分析了分布式發(fā)電的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、分布式能源并網(wǎng)對電網(wǎng)的影響及相關(guān)并網(wǎng)標準；通過研究比較常見并網(wǎng)逆變技術(shù),提出將單周期控制(One-Cycle Control, OCC)技術(shù)引入到我國分布式發(fā)電并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中。 針對DG并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中的諧波污染、功率因數(shù)不合格問題,采用了基于單周控制的有源功率濾波技術(shù)OCC-APF及功率因數(shù)校正技術(shù)OCC-PFC。文章建立了三相整流器的數(shù)學開關(guān)模型及雙并聯(lián)Boost等效拓撲,推導出核心控制方程,搭建了OCC-APF控制模塊(OCC-PFC模塊的搭建同APF)。仿真和試驗結(jié)果表明,此方案有效實現(xiàn)了單位功率因數(shù)校正和低電流畸變率,優(yōu)于雙閉環(huán)等傳統(tǒng)控制策略。 針對DG并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中的并網(wǎng)逆變器控制,采用了基于單周期控制的并網(wǎng)逆變器控制策略O(shè)CC-GTI。文章建立了三相GTI的數(shù)學開關(guān)模型及雙并聯(lián)Buck等效拓撲,推導出核心控制方程,搭建了OCC-GTI控制模塊。仿真及試驗結(jié)果表明,此方案可實現(xiàn)單位功率因數(shù)并網(wǎng),低諧波含量,且具有良好無功補償性能。 針對DG并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中的無功不平衡問題,現(xiàn)有SVC、STATCOM策略的控制復雜、實時性差,提出一種基于單周期控制的實時無功補償控制策略O(shè)CC-STATCOM�；诮�(jīng)典單周期控制,采用直流電壓外環(huán)控制和電感電流斜坡調(diào)制,實時跟蹤負載和電壓變化,實現(xiàn)動態(tài)無功補償,并通過仿真及試驗驗證該方法的可行性和精確性。 最后,總結(jié)得出了單周期控制的統(tǒng)一核心控制方程和統(tǒng)一矢量控制器；并在背靠背式風力發(fā)電并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中進行了仿真實驗,整體性驗證本文所提出控制策略的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Abstract: renewable energy generation such as wind / light, fuel cells is an important measure to improve energy structure and combat climate change. However, with the continuous application of new energy in the distributed generation (Distributed power generation, DG) system, its volatility and intermittency have more and more negative effects on the power grid, mainly reflected in harmonic pollution and unqualified power factor. Grid-connected inverter control and reactive power imbalance and so on. In this paper, the grid-connected technology is deeply studied. The purpose of this paper is to convert different levels of AC / DC power from new energy to sinusoidal AC with high performance and low harmonics, so as to realize the safe and efficient grid connection of distributed energy sources. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the research status of distributed generation at home and abroad, the influence of distributed energy grid connection and related grid connection standards are analyzed, and the common grid-connected inverter technology is studied. A single cycle control (One-Cycle Control, OCC) technique is introduced to the distributed generation grid-connected system in China. In order to solve the problem of harmonic pollution and unqualified power factor in DG grid-connected system, the active power filter (OCC-APF) based on one-cycle control and the power factor correction (PFC) technology OCC-PFC are adopted. In this paper, the mathematical switching model of three-phase rectifier and the equivalent topology of double-parallel Boost are established. The core control equation is deduced, and the OCC-APF control module (OCC-PFC module is built with APF).) is built. The simulation and experimental results show that this scheme can effectively realize unit power factor correction (PFC) and low current distortion rate, and is superior to traditional control strategies such as double closed loop. To control grid-connected inverter in DG grid-connected system, OCC-GTI-based control strategy of grid-connected inverter based on single-cycle control is adopted. In this paper, the mathematical switching model of three-phase GTI and the equivalent topology of double-parallel Buck are established, the core control equation is derived, and the OCC-GTI control module is built. The simulation and experimental results show that this scheme can realize the unit power factor grid-connected, low harmonic content, and has good reactive power compensation performance. Aiming at the problem of reactive power imbalance in DG grid-connected system, the existing SVCS-STATCOM strategy is complex in control and poor in real-time performance. A real-time reactive power compensation control strategy OCC-STATCOM-based on single cycle control is proposed. Based on classical single-cycle control, DC voltage outer loop control and inductor current ramp modulation are used to track load and voltage changes in real time, and dynamic reactive power compensation is realized. The feasibility and accuracy of this method are verified by simulation and experiment. Finally, the unified core control equation and the unified vector controller for single-cycle control are obtained, and the simulation experiments are carried out in the back-to-back wind power grid connection system, which verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM761

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