【摘要】：風(fēng)力發(fā)電作為新能源領(lǐng)域中技術(shù)最為成熟的電源,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為全球新能源發(fā)展的主力。由于風(fēng)能具有波動(dòng)性和隨機(jī)性的特點(diǎn),所以經(jīng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換而成的電能也是不穩(wěn)定的,隨著風(fēng)電場(chǎng)裝機(jī)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大以及單臺(tái)風(fēng)機(jī)容量的增加,風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)對(duì)電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行和安全調(diào)度會(huì)造成很大的影響。因此,有必要建立風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的中長(zhǎng)期過程仿真模型,以便評(píng)估風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)對(duì)電網(wǎng)造成的影響,同時(shí)為風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的規(guī)劃和風(fēng)電調(diào)度提供依據(jù)。 本文以雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,分別對(duì)其進(jìn)行了運(yùn)行原理分析、變流器前饋功率控制、系統(tǒng)中長(zhǎng)期建模仿真等研究工作。首先,本文詳細(xì)介紹了雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)組成部分,包括風(fēng)速數(shù)學(xué)模型、風(fēng)輪機(jī)和傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型、雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型和變流器數(shù)學(xué)模型。 然后,本文由瞬時(shí)功率理論入手,引出了變流器的直接功率控制策略,介紹了有功功率和無功功率的解耦控制,針對(duì)電網(wǎng)電壓變化時(shí)系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),容易引發(fā)不穩(wěn)定等問題,本文提出了功率前饋控制策略；并在PSCAD/EMTDC中建立了變流器的功率前饋控制仿真模型,對(duì)所提方法進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,仿真結(jié)果表明功率前饋控制策略能夠有效的提高系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能。 中長(zhǎng)期建模目的是為了反映風(fēng)電場(chǎng)對(duì)電網(wǎng)造成的影響,這就不需要詳細(xì)復(fù)雜的雙饋發(fā)電機(jī)和變流器精確模型,本文由雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)和變流器的工作特性,提出了采用三相可控電流源替代發(fā)電機(jī)和變流器的建模方法,并給出了雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中長(zhǎng)期仿真中各個(gè)部分的模型,包括發(fā)電機(jī)和變流器模塊、變流器控制模塊、風(fēng)輪機(jī)模塊和槳距角控制模塊；同時(shí)提出了風(fēng)電場(chǎng)模型并網(wǎng)控制策略,保證了模型輸出功率的精確性和快速性。在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建了雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中長(zhǎng)期過程仿真模型,仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了所建雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中長(zhǎng)期仿真模型的合理性和正確性。
[Abstract]:As the most mature power source in the field of new energy, wind power generation has become the main force in the development of new energy. Because wind energy has the characteristics of volatility and randomness, the electric energy converted by wind power system is also unstable. With the expansion of wind farm installation scale and the increase of single typhoon capacity, Wind power generation system will have a great impact on the stable operation and safe dispatching of power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a long-term process simulation model of wind farm in order to evaluate the impact of wind power system on power grid, and to provide the basis for wind farm planning and wind power dispatching. In this paper, the doubly-fed wind power generation system is taken as the research object, and its operation principle analysis, feed forward power control of converter, modeling and simulation of the system are carried out respectively. Firstly, every component of the doubly-fed wind power generation system is introduced in detail, including wind speed mathematical model, wind turbine and transmission system mathematical model, doubly-fed wind generator mathematical model and converter mathematical model. Then, based on the instantaneous power theory, the direct power control strategy of the converter is introduced, and the decoupling control of active power and reactive power is introduced. In this paper, the power feedforward control strategy is proposed, and the power feedforward control simulation model of the converter is established in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the proposed method is verified. The simulation results show that the power feedforward control strategy can effectively improve the dynamic performance of the system. In order to reflect the influence of wind farm on power grid, the long-term modeling purpose is not to need the detailed and complicated exact model of doubly-fed generator and converter. In this paper, the working characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbine and converter are discussed. The modeling method of replacing generator and converter with three-phase controllable current source is put forward, and the models of each part in the simulation of doubly-fed wind power system are given, including generator and converter module, converter control module. The wind turbine module and the pitch angle control module are also proposed, and the wind farm model grid-connected control strategy is proposed to ensure the accuracy and rapidity of the output power of the model. A long-term simulation model of doubly-fed wind power generation system is built in PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results verify the rationality and correctness of the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614

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本文編號(hào)：2174172