【摘要】：分布式電源因其在資源利用和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的優(yōu)勢在世界范圍內(nèi)得以快速發(fā)展。作為大電網(wǎng)集中供電的有益補(bǔ)充，成為世界各國電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。各類分布式電源的接入，改變了配電網(wǎng)的故障特征，給配電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)帶來多種影響。多端供電改變了配電網(wǎng)故障電流的分布，使部分電流保護(hù)靈敏度降低或失去選擇性。光伏、風(fēng)力等分布式電源出力的波動性、間歇性，，高滲透率下分布式電源的啟停，使配電網(wǎng)故障電流大小、方向存在不確定性。經(jīng)逆變器并網(wǎng)的分布式電源運(yùn)行及故障特性與傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電機(jī)有很大不同。這些都使配電網(wǎng)原有繼電保護(hù)適應(yīng)性降低，甚至不能正確地識別、隔離故障。 本文從各類分布式電源的原理及接入電網(wǎng)方式入手，深入研究其故障特性。通過研究逆變器型分布式電源的控制與特性，得出其在故障暫態(tài)下的等效模型，分析其在配電網(wǎng)故障時(shí)的輸出特性。 詳細(xì)分析了分布式電源的數(shù)量、容量、接入位置對原有電流保護(hù)的影響。結(jié)合中低壓配電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行及接線方式明確了不同類型的分布式電源并網(wǎng)變壓器及接地方式的選取對接地電流保護(hù)的影響，指出合理的選擇方式。分析了分布式電源對自動重合閘的影響并提出解決措施。 在分析現(xiàn)有繼電保護(hù)存在問題的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合實(shí)例提出單個(gè)DG經(jīng)專線及T接線路并網(wǎng)的保護(hù)整定優(yōu)化方案。進(jìn)而提出適用于多個(gè)DG并網(wǎng)的記及DG控制特性的三段式自適應(yīng)電流保護(hù)算法。 最后結(jié)合某工業(yè)園區(qū)光伏組合并網(wǎng)實(shí)例，提出保護(hù)配置設(shè)計(jì)方案，并通過仿真分析了多DG并網(wǎng)對原有線路保護(hù)的影響，驗(yàn)證了自適應(yīng)保護(hù)算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of its advantages in resource utilization and environmental protection, distributed power generation has been developed rapidly in the world. As a beneficial supplement to centralized power supply in large power grids, it has become an inevitable trend in the development of power systems all over the world. The access of all kinds of distributed power sources changes the fault characteristics of the distribution network and brings many influences to the relay protection of the distribution network. Multi-terminal power supply changes the distribution of fault current in distribution network and makes the sensitivity of partial current protection decrease or lose its selectivity. The fluctuation, intermittent and high permeability of distributed power generation, such as photovoltaic, wind power, make the distribution network fault current size and direction uncertain. The operation and fault characteristics of distributed power supply connected by inverter are very different from those of traditional generators. All these make the original relay protection adaptability lower, and even can not correctly identify and isolate the fault. In this paper, the fault characteristics of all kinds of distributed power generation are studied, starting with the principle of distributed power generation and the way of connecting to the power network. By studying the control and characteristics of the inverter distributed power supply, the equivalent model of the inverter in the fault transient state is obtained, and the output characteristics of the inverter in the distribution network fault are analyzed. The influence of the quantity, capacity and access position of distributed power source on the original current protection is analyzed in detail. Combined with the operation and connection mode of medium and low voltage distribution network, the influence of different types of distributed power supply grid connected transformers and the selection of grounding mode on grounding current protection is clarified, and the reasonable selection mode is pointed out. The influence of distributed power supply on automatic reclosing is analyzed and the solutions are put forward. On the basis of analyzing the existing problems of relay protection and combining with an example, this paper puts forward an optimal scheme of protection setting for a single DG line connected by special line and T line. Furthermore, a three-stage adaptive current protection algorithm is proposed, which is suitable for multiple DG grid-connected and DG control. Finally, the protection configuration design scheme is put forward by combining photovoltaic grid with an industrial park, and the effect of multi-DG grid-connected network on the original line protection is analyzed by simulation, which verifies the feasibility of adaptive protection algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM77

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