微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)半實(shí)物仿真技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-20 18:07
【摘要】：本文圍繞以可再生能源發(fā)電裝置和蓄電池儲能為主體的微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)展開研究,介紹了微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)半實(shí)物仿真平臺的設(shè)計(jì)思路和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,并對微源的控制策略以及微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的并離網(wǎng)切換特性進(jìn)行研究,主要從以下三方面展開研究： (1)搭建微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)半實(shí)物仿真平臺,重點(diǎn)了解該平臺主要構(gòu)成單元的工作原理,例如實(shí)時(shí)仿真設(shè)備RTDS和dSPACE的建模方法、數(shù)字功率放大器的工作原理、分布式發(fā)電裝置的設(shè)計(jì)思路等。該平臺的工作原理為：利用RTDS搭建電網(wǎng)的模型,并實(shí)時(shí)地輸出任意節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓信號,然后利用功率放大器不失真地放大該信號；由RTDS和功率放大器構(gòu)成模擬電網(wǎng)裝置,dSPACE控制分布式發(fā)電裝置接到模擬電網(wǎng),同時(shí)RTDS采集并網(wǎng)電流；對于RTDS內(nèi)的電網(wǎng)模型,用電流源替代分布發(fā)電裝置向電網(wǎng)注入功率。 (2)圍繞微源的控制策略展開研究。由于微網(wǎng)中微源的種類很多,控制方法也不盡相同,對于光伏發(fā)電和風(fēng)力發(fā)電之類具有間歇性的微源,宜采用恒直流電壓控制；對于燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)等分布式電源和蓄電池等儲能裝備,其可根據(jù)負(fù)荷需求調(diào)整發(fā)電量,宜采用恒功率(PQ)控制或下垂控制。因此需要研究兩類微源的控制策略：1)針對間歇性微源的控制策略的研究,分析了100塊(10串10并)YGE245P型光伏電池組件的I-V和P-V特性,并設(shè)計(jì)了雙級式光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng),仿真分析了Boost電路的雙閉環(huán)控制策略、MPPT策略和恒直流電壓控制策略；2)針對儲能類微源無互聯(lián)信號線下垂控制策略的研究,從功率P與Q同電壓V與相角δ的關(guān)系出發(fā),討論阻感比對變流器運(yùn)行的影響,提出了考慮阻感比的P-f與Q-V的單環(huán)下垂控制器的設(shè)計(jì)方法。基于單環(huán)下垂控制器設(shè)計(jì)了“功率-電壓-電流”三環(huán)下垂控制器,并指出當(dāng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí),變流器可通過改變下垂曲線的斜率大小調(diào)節(jié)并網(wǎng)功率；當(dāng)離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí),變流器能夠按照自身的下垂特性承擔(dān)負(fù)載功率。 (3)圍繞微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的并離網(wǎng)切換策略展開研究。微網(wǎng)具有并網(wǎng)和離網(wǎng)兩種運(yùn)行模式,并具有兩種模式間的無縫切換功能。微網(wǎng)從并網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)為離網(wǎng)后,需要進(jìn)行二次調(diào)整已達(dá)到合理的電能質(zhì)量；從離網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)為并網(wǎng)前,通過主調(diào)整變流器平移下垂曲線實(shí)現(xiàn)微網(wǎng)與主網(wǎng)電壓再同步。通過分析微網(wǎng)動態(tài)切換過程,介紹了一種微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的預(yù)同步控制方法,與其他控制方式不同的是直接將微網(wǎng)與主網(wǎng)的相角差經(jīng)過PI調(diào)節(jié)器完成微網(wǎng)頻率與相角的同步調(diào)節(jié)。當(dāng)微網(wǎng)處于不同運(yùn)行模式時(shí),微網(wǎng)變流器的控制策略可以不同,為此提供了一種變流器控制模式切換的方法。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the microgrid system with renewable energy generation device and storage battery as the main body is studied, and the design idea and realization method of the hardware and software simulation platform for the microgrid system are introduced. The control strategy of microsource and the characteristics of parallel and off-grid switching of micro-grid system are studied. The following three aspects are studied: (1) the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform of micro-grid system is built. The working principle of the main components of the platform, such as the modeling method of RTDS and DSpace, the working principle of digital power amplifier, the design idea of distributed generation device, etc. The working principle of the platform is as follows: using RTDS to build the power network model, and output any node voltage signal in real time, then amplify the signal without distortion by using power amplifier; The analog power grid device (DSpace) is composed of RTDS and power amplifier. The distributed generation device is connected to the analog grid and the RTDS collects the grid-connected current. The current source is used instead of the distributed generation device to inject power into the power grid. (2) the control strategy of the microsource is studied. Because there are many kinds of micro-sources in the microgrid, the control methods are different. For the intermittent micro-sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, the constant DC voltage control should be adopted. For energy storage equipment such as gas turbine, distributed power source and storage battery, the power generation can be adjusted according to load demand, and constant power (PQ) control or droop control should be adopted. Therefore, we need to study the control strategy of two kinds of microsources: (1) based on the control strategy of intermittent microsources, we analyze the I-V and P-V characteristics of 100 (10 series 10) YGE245P photovoltaic cell modules, and design a two-stage photovoltaic power generation system. The double closed loop control strategy MPPT and the constant DC voltage control strategy of boost circuit are simulated and analyzed. The droop control strategy of the energy storage microsource without interconnected signal line is studied. The relationship between the power P and Q covoltage V and phase angle 未 is discussed. This paper discusses the influence of resistance to inductance ratio on the operation of converter, and presents a design method of single loop sag controller with P-f and Q-V considering resistive inductance ratio. Based on the single loop droop controller, a three-ring droop controller is designed, and it is pointed out that the converter can adjust the grid-connected power by changing the slope of the sag curve when the grid is connected, and when running off the grid, the power of the converter can be adjusted by changing the slope of the sag curve. The converter can bear the load power according to its droop characteristic. (3) the research is carried out around the handover strategy of the microgrid system. The microgrid has two operation modes, grid-connected and off-grid, and has the function of seamless switching between the two modes. After the microgrid is transferred from grid-connected to off-grid, the secondary adjustment is needed to achieve reasonable power quality, and before the switch from off-grid to grid-connected, the voltage resynchronization between the microgrid and the main grid can be realized through the translation of the vertical curve of the main adjusting converter. By analyzing the dynamic switching process of microgrid, a presynchronous control method for microgrid system is introduced. Different from other control methods, the phase angle difference between microgrid and main network is directly adjusted by Pi regulator to synchronize the frequency and phase angle of microgrid. When the microgrid is in different operation mode, the control strategy of the microgrid converter can be different, so a method of switching the control mode of the converter is provided.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM743
本文編號：2134331
[Abstract]:In this paper, the microgrid system with renewable energy generation device and storage battery as the main body is studied, and the design idea and realization method of the hardware and software simulation platform for the microgrid system are introduced. The control strategy of microsource and the characteristics of parallel and off-grid switching of micro-grid system are studied. The following three aspects are studied: (1) the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform of micro-grid system is built. The working principle of the main components of the platform, such as the modeling method of RTDS and DSpace, the working principle of digital power amplifier, the design idea of distributed generation device, etc. The working principle of the platform is as follows: using RTDS to build the power network model, and output any node voltage signal in real time, then amplify the signal without distortion by using power amplifier; The analog power grid device (DSpace) is composed of RTDS and power amplifier. The distributed generation device is connected to the analog grid and the RTDS collects the grid-connected current. The current source is used instead of the distributed generation device to inject power into the power grid. (2) the control strategy of the microsource is studied. Because there are many kinds of micro-sources in the microgrid, the control methods are different. For the intermittent micro-sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, the constant DC voltage control should be adopted. For energy storage equipment such as gas turbine, distributed power source and storage battery, the power generation can be adjusted according to load demand, and constant power (PQ) control or droop control should be adopted. Therefore, we need to study the control strategy of two kinds of microsources: (1) based on the control strategy of intermittent microsources, we analyze the I-V and P-V characteristics of 100 (10 series 10) YGE245P photovoltaic cell modules, and design a two-stage photovoltaic power generation system. The double closed loop control strategy MPPT and the constant DC voltage control strategy of boost circuit are simulated and analyzed. The droop control strategy of the energy storage microsource without interconnected signal line is studied. The relationship between the power P and Q covoltage V and phase angle 未 is discussed. This paper discusses the influence of resistance to inductance ratio on the operation of converter, and presents a design method of single loop sag controller with P-f and Q-V considering resistive inductance ratio. Based on the single loop droop controller, a three-ring droop controller is designed, and it is pointed out that the converter can adjust the grid-connected power by changing the slope of the sag curve when the grid is connected, and when running off the grid, the power of the converter can be adjusted by changing the slope of the sag curve. The converter can bear the load power according to its droop characteristic. (3) the research is carried out around the handover strategy of the microgrid system. The microgrid has two operation modes, grid-connected and off-grid, and has the function of seamless switching between the two modes. After the microgrid is transferred from grid-connected to off-grid, the secondary adjustment is needed to achieve reasonable power quality, and before the switch from off-grid to grid-connected, the voltage resynchronization between the microgrid and the main grid can be realized through the translation of the vertical curve of the main adjusting converter. By analyzing the dynamic switching process of microgrid, a presynchronous control method for microgrid system is introduced. Different from other control methods, the phase angle difference between microgrid and main network is directly adjusted by Pi regulator to synchronize the frequency and phase angle of microgrid. When the microgrid is in different operation mode, the control strategy of the microgrid converter can be different, so a method of switching the control mode of the converter is provided.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM743
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，本文編號：2134331
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