【摘要】：大量電力電子裝置和動(dòng)態(tài)非線性不平衡負(fù)荷（如電弧爐、電氣化鐵路、電焊機(jī)等）在電力系統(tǒng)中的廣泛使用，使得配電變壓器長(zhǎng)期處于三相不平衡運(yùn)行和嚴(yán)重諧波污染狀態(tài)，導(dǎo)致電網(wǎng)中諧波和負(fù)序電流較高，造成損耗增加、保護(hù)誤動(dòng)等多種危害，嚴(yán)重威脅了電力系統(tǒng)的安全運(yùn)行。本文分析了負(fù)序電流產(chǎn)生機(jī)理，針對(duì)負(fù)序電流的危害，分析了其各種影響因素，進(jìn)而研制了一套配電變壓器負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)不僅可有效抑制三相不平衡電流引起的負(fù)序電流，也能有效減小諧波電流對(duì)負(fù)序電流的影響，同時(shí)在提高功率因數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上降低配電變壓器損耗，實(shí)現(xiàn)有效提高電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行安全性和穩(wěn)定性的目標(biāo)。本文主要研究工作如下： ①分析了配電變壓器負(fù)序電流產(chǎn)生機(jī)理及影響因素，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了一種配電變壓器負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制方法，利用這一方法結(jié)合系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行條件，構(gòu)建了負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制方法仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ停抡鎸?shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明三相不平衡電流和諧波電流是負(fù)序電流的主要影響因素，進(jìn)而驗(yàn)證了負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制方法的有效性和可行性。 ②結(jié)合配電變壓器實(shí)際工程環(huán)境，研制了配電變壓器負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)按功能分為三相不平衡電流治理部分和諧波電流濾除部分。采用全電容器補(bǔ)償方式進(jìn)行了三相不平衡電流治理部分硬件模塊設(shè)計(jì)，包括電參量采集單元設(shè)計(jì)、中央控制單元設(shè)計(jì)及電容器柜框架組建和補(bǔ)償電容器等級(jí)分組等；結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的APF裝置并考慮消除無(wú)功耦合現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了諧波電流濾除部分的設(shè)計(jì)，保證了系統(tǒng)整體的良好協(xié)同運(yùn)行。 ③編寫了系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)端和服務(wù)器端軟件程序，保證了系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，且有助于工作人員遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控配電變壓器運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。其中現(xiàn)場(chǎng)端軟件主要包括現(xiàn)場(chǎng)端數(shù)據(jù)提取與識(shí)別子程序、無(wú)功調(diào)節(jié)量快速計(jì)算及電容器組投切控制子程序和GPRS無(wú)線通訊子程序等；同時(shí)，基于VC++2010編譯軟件和MySQL5.0數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)軟件，編寫了服務(wù)器端后臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)軟件，動(dòng)態(tài)了解現(xiàn)場(chǎng)端實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行參數(shù)信息。 ④基于提出的負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制方法及構(gòu)建的配電變壓器負(fù)序電流動(dòng)態(tài)抑制系統(tǒng)，分別于實(shí)驗(yàn)室和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)兩種環(huán)境中進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室平臺(tái)條件下，運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)在無(wú)諧波電流存在時(shí)可有效抑制三相不平衡電流引起的負(fù)序電流；在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)掛網(wǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，該系統(tǒng)不僅能有效抑制三相不平衡電流引起的負(fù)序電流，而且能有效降低諧波電流對(duì)負(fù)序電流的影響，并能提高功率因數(shù)和降低配電變壓器附加損耗，，達(dá)到了各項(xiàng)預(yù)定目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:A large number of power electronic devices and dynamic nonlinear unbalanced load (such as electric arc furnace, electrified railway, welding machine, etc.) are widely used in power system, which makes the distribution transformer in the state of three-phase unbalanced operation and serious harmonic pollution for a long time. It leads to higher harmonic and negative sequence current in the power network, resulting in increased losses, protection misoperation and other hazards, which seriously threaten the safe operation of power system. In this paper, the mechanism of negative sequence current is analyzed, and the influence factors of negative sequence current are analyzed, and a dynamic suppression system of negative sequence current of distribution transformer is developed. The system not only can effectively suppress the negative sequence current caused by the three-phase unbalanced current, but also can effectively reduce the influence of harmonic current on the negative sequence current. At the same time, the loss of distribution transformer can be reduced on the basis of increasing the power factor. To achieve the goal of effectively improving the security and stability of power system operation. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1 the mechanism and influencing factors of negative sequence current of distribution transformer are analyzed, and a dynamic suppression method of negative sequence current of distribution transformer is proposed. The simulation model of the negative sequence current dynamic suppression method is constructed by using this method combined with the stable operating conditions of the system. The simulation results show that the three-phase unbalanced current and harmonic current are the main influencing factors of the negative sequence current. Furthermore, the validity and feasibility of the negative sequence current dynamic suppression method are verified. 2 combined with the actual engineering environment of the distribution transformer, the negative sequence current dynamic suppression system of the distribution transformer is developed. The system is divided into three-phase unbalanced current control and harmonic current filtering according to its function. The hardware module of three-phase unbalanced current control is designed by using full capacitor compensation mode, including the design of electrical parameter acquisition unit, the design of central control unit, the construction of capacitor cabinet frame and the compensation of capacitor grade grouping, etc. Combined with the existing APF device and considering the elimination of reactive power coupling, the harmonic current filtering part is designed to ensure the good cooperative operation of the whole system. It ensures the safe and stable operation of the system and helps the staff to remotely monitor the operation state of the distribution transformer. The software in the field mainly includes the subroutine of data extraction and identification, the quick calculation of reactive power regulation, the switching control program of capacitor bank and the wireless communication subroutine of GPRS, etc. At the same time, it is based on VC 2010 compiler software and MySQL 5.0 database software. The background data monitoring software of the server is written to dynamically understand the real-time operation parameter information of the field end. 4 based on the proposed negative sequence current dynamic suppression method and the construction of the distribution transformer negative sequence current dynamic suppression system, Experiments were carried out in both laboratory and field environments. Under the condition of the laboratory platform, the operation results show that the system can effectively suppress the negative sequence current caused by the three-phase unbalanced current without harmonic current, and in the field experiment, The system not only can effectively suppress the negative sequence current caused by the three-phase unbalanced current, but also can effectively reduce the influence of harmonic current on the negative sequence current, and can improve the power factor and reduce the additional loss of the distribution transformer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM421

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