發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-14 12:37

【摘要】：交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)中各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，其運(yùn)行可靠且具有良好的操控性，因而交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的控制策略是一項(xiàng)很重要的研究課題。 本文簡要介紹了交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的幾種常用的控制策略，分析了各策略的利弊，選擇了目前最為流行的矢量控制技術(shù)作為本文的研究對象。首先對交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的基本原理進(jìn)行了介紹，介紹了矢量控制技術(shù)中坐標(biāo)的變換原理以及磁場定向技術(shù)，通過分析選擇了矢量控制中比較常用的轉(zhuǎn)子磁場定向技術(shù)，然后分析了不同坐標(biāo)系電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型以及交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的等效電路。由于交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)自身結(jié)構(gòu)的原因，轉(zhuǎn)子與旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場之間存在轉(zhuǎn)速差，需要搭建磁鏈觀測器，本文選擇基于同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的電流—轉(zhuǎn)速模型。最后詳細(xì)介紹了空間電壓矢量脈寬調(diào)制技術(shù)—SVPWM。 眾所周知，仿真是一項(xiàng)可縮短開發(fā)周期，節(jié)省開發(fā)資源，提高開發(fā)效率的有利手段，并且仿真驗(yàn)證結(jié)果也可作為實(shí)際運(yùn)行結(jié)果的一項(xiàng)參考。MATLAB/Simulink是一個(gè)功能強(qiáng)大的仿真平臺，可實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶的各類需求，并能將仿真模型轉(zhuǎn)變成C或C++代碼，進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)。應(yīng)用Simulink搭建了交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)矢量控制的模型，并構(gòu)建了與真實(shí)環(huán)境相似的交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)模型，通過仿真驗(yàn)證了控制系統(tǒng)的可實(shí)施性以及可靠性。根據(jù)需要設(shè)計(jì)了硬件開發(fā)環(huán)境，進(jìn)行了硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)以及輔助性監(jiān)控軟件的開發(fā)，定制了通訊協(xié)議，通過MATLAB代碼生成與單片機(jī)結(jié)合，，進(jìn)行控制策略的開發(fā)。硬件電路主要包含控制電路與驅(qū)動(dòng)電路，文中分別介紹了各部分的主要功能及設(shè)計(jì)原理。在實(shí)際工況下采集了電機(jī)運(yùn)行中的參數(shù)波形，并與仿真波形做了對比分析，完成了控制策略的驗(yàn)證。 對交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)控制方法的研究有著很大的科研意義以及能夠帶來很高的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，對其控制策略應(yīng)不斷的進(jìn)行深入的探討與研究。文中最后總結(jié)了此次研究中的不足之處，以待改正，并對未來工作的主要研究方向提出了設(shè)想與展望。
[Abstract]:Ac induction motor is widely used in various fields of industry, its operation is reliable and has good maneuverability, so the control strategy of AC induction motor is a very important research topic. This paper briefly introduces several common control strategies of AC induction motor, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy, and selects the most popular vector control technology as the research object of this paper. Firstly, the basic principle of AC induction motor is introduced, and the principle of coordinate transformation and magnetic field orientation in vector control technology are introduced. The rotor magnetic field orientation technology commonly used in vector control is selected through analysis and selection. Then the mathematical model of motor in different coordinate system and the equivalent circuit of AC induction motor are analyzed. Due to the structure of the AC induction motor, there is a rotor speed difference between the rotor and the rotating magnetic field, so it is necessary to build flux observer. In this paper, the current-speed model based on synchronous rotating coordinate system is selected. Finally, the space voltage vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique is introduced in detail. As we all know, simulation is a useful means to shorten the development cycle, save the development resources and improve the efficiency of development. The simulation results can also be used as a reference for the actual running results. MATLAB / Simulink is a powerful simulation platform. It can realize all kinds of user's needs and transform the simulation model into C or C code to develop the product. The vector control model of AC induction motor is built by using Simulink, and the AC induction motor model similar to the real environment is constructed. The practicability and reliability of the control system are verified by simulation. The hardware development environment is designed according to the need, the hardware circuit is designed and the auxiliary monitoring software is developed, the communication protocol is customized, and the control strategy is developed through the combination of MATLAB code generation and single chip microcomputer. The hardware circuit mainly includes control circuit and drive circuit. The main function and design principle of each part are introduced in this paper. The parameter waveforms of the motor in operation are collected and compared with the simulation waveforms, and the control strategy is verified. The research of AC induction motor control method has great scientific significance and can bring high economic benefits. The control strategy of AC induction motor should be discussed and studied deeply. Finally, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of this study, and puts forward some ideas and prospects for the future research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM346

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