發(fā)布時間：2018-07-10 09:32

  本文選題：永磁同步空芯直線電機(jī) + 推力　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步直線電機(jī)是把電能直接轉(zhuǎn)換成直線推動力能的裝置,與傳統(tǒng)旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī)相比,直線電機(jī)不需要中間傳動裝置,可以直接把電機(jī)推力傳遞給工作臺,進(jìn)而帶動負(fù)載做直線運(yùn)動。與此同時它還具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、單位推力大、可靠性高、動態(tài)性能好等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),在高速列車、工業(yè)自動化、電磁炮等領(lǐng)域都有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。但是,直線電機(jī)由于自身結(jié)構(gòu)的原因會存在端部效應(yīng)和齒槽效應(yīng),它們會引起電機(jī)磁阻力擾動、負(fù)載擾動、系統(tǒng)參數(shù)攝動等,這幾個因素使電機(jī)輸出推力形成波動,直接關(guān)系到電機(jī)定位精度和輸出推力的平穩(wěn)性,使得直線電機(jī)在工業(yè)實(shí)踐應(yīng)用方面受到較大制約。永磁同步空芯直線電機(jī),由于其定子繞組為空芯線圈的特點(diǎn),所以不會產(chǎn)生齒槽效應(yīng),并且削弱邊端效應(yīng),雖然同時削弱了推力的最大值,但是提高了電機(jī)推力的穩(wěn)定性,使得其更容易控制,如果該電機(jī)運(yùn)用于高速運(yùn)輸方面會使得列車運(yùn)行更平穩(wěn),車體無需通電,這樣大大減少電磁輻射對人身的危害。本文以研究永磁同步空芯直線電機(jī)推力特性為核心,對電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)與推力進(jìn)行分析,并用有限元軟件／ANSYS對分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證。首先,運(yùn)用路理論電機(jī)推力進(jìn)行計(jì)算。從空芯直線電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)出發(fā),針對電機(jī)繞組為空芯的特點(diǎn),運(yùn)用永磁體勵磁等效方法將永磁體等效為通電線圈,計(jì)算勵磁線圈與初級繞組線圈間的互感,進(jìn)而運(yùn)用虛功原理求得水平推力。同時分析水平推力與電機(jī)主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系。其次,運(yùn)用有限單元計(jì)算軟件ANSYS對永磁同步空芯直線電機(jī)電磁場分布進(jìn)行模擬仿真,并對水平推力進(jìn)行計(jì)算。搭建永磁同步空芯直線電機(jī)的二維模型,通過二維靜態(tài)場仿真得出不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)下永磁同步空芯直線電機(jī)的水平推力,驗(yàn)證解析計(jì)算的結(jié)論。最后,空芯線圈不存在鐵心齒槽,已經(jīng)對磁阻力進(jìn)行了削弱,若采用具有單邊聚磁效應(yīng)的Halbach永磁陣列替換電機(jī)中常規(guī)徑向永磁陣可以使推力輸出更穩(wěn)定,運(yùn)用有限元法分析比較兩種不同磁體排列對電機(jī)輸出水平推力的影響。同時電機(jī)初級繞組采用分?jǐn)?shù)槽,也可以降低電機(jī)推力的波動。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSM) is a device that converts electrical energy directly into linear driving force. Compared with traditional rotating motor, linear motor does not need intermediate transmission device, and can directly transfer the motor thrust to the worktable. Then drive the load to make straight line motion. At the same time, it has many advantages such as simple structure, large unit thrust, high reliability, good dynamic performance and so on. It has a wide application prospect in the fields of high-speed train, industrial automation, electromagnetic gun and so on. However, due to the structure of the linear motor, there will be end effect and slot effect, which will cause the motor magnetic resistance disturbance, load disturbance, system parameter perturbation and so on. These factors make the output thrust of the motor fluctuate. It is directly related to the positioning accuracy of the motor and the stability of the output thrust, which restricts the application of linear motor in industrial practice. Because the stator winding of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is hollow coil, it will not produce tooth slot effect, and weaken the side end effect, although it also weakens the maximum thrust, it can improve the stability of the motor thrust. It makes it easier to control, if the motor is used in high-speed transportation, it will make the train run more smoothly and the car body does not need power, which greatly reduces the harm of electromagnetic radiation to human beings. In this paper, the structure and thrust of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) are analyzed based on the research of thrust characteristics of PMSM. The simulation results are verified by finite element software & ANSYS. Firstly, the motor thrust is calculated by using road theory. Based on the structural characteristics of the hollow linear motor and the characteristic that the motor winding is hollow core, the permanent magnet is equivalent to the electrified coil by using the method of permanent magnet excitation equivalence, and the mutual inductance between the excitation coil and the primary winding coil is calculated. Then the horizontal thrust is obtained by using the principle of virtual work. At the same time, the relationship between the horizontal thrust and the main structural parameters of the motor is analyzed. Secondly, the electromagnetic field distribution of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is simulated by finite element calculation software ANSYS, and the horizontal thrust is calculated. The two-dimensional model of permanent magnet synchronous air-core linear motor is built, and the horizontal thrust of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with different structure parameters is obtained by two-dimensional static field simulation, and the analytical results are verified. Finally, there is no core slot in the hollow coils, which has weakened the magnetic resistance. If the Halbach permanent magnet array with one-sided magnetic accumulation effect is used to replace the conventional radial permanent magnetic array in the motor, the thrust output can be more stable. Finite element method is used to analyze and compare the effects of two different types of magnets on the output horizontal thrust of the motor. At the same time, fractional slot is used in the primary winding of the motor, which can also reduce the fluctuation of the thrust of the motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM359.4

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本文編號：2112952