本文選題：天然氣CCHP + 運(yùn)行機(jī)制�。� 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：天然氣冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)(Combined Cold Heat and Power, CCHP)是與大電網(wǎng)和天然氣管網(wǎng)相連接的,向一定區(qū)域內(nèi)的用戶同時(shí)提供電能、冷能和熱能的能源服務(wù)系統(tǒng)。電力裝機(jī)容量在100MW級(jí)的天然氣CCHP運(yùn)行方式為“冷熱電聯(lián)供+調(diào)峰電廠”,容量較小的天然氣CCHP則可常年穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。天然氣CCHP的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于冷熱電三種能量形式的梯級(jí)利用,但是,用戶側(cè)冷熱電負(fù)荷需求的不確定性使得大多數(shù)天然氣CCHP運(yùn)行于變工況狀態(tài)。在較差的運(yùn)行工況和負(fù)荷條件下,天然氣CCHP不但不能節(jié)能,反而更加耗能,這將無法凸顯和發(fā)揮天然氣CCHP的高能效特性。因此,從能源綜合的角度研究天然氣CCHP的發(fā)電優(yōu)化和制冷制熱優(yōu)化就顯得尤為重要。 首先,分析了天然氣CCHP運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化的必要性�？偨Y(jié)了我國天然氣發(fā)電現(xiàn)狀,從范圍經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的角度探討了發(fā)展天然氣CCHP及其運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化的意義。 其次,研究了天然氣CCHP對(duì)電能、冷能和熱能的生產(chǎn)和優(yōu)化過程。研究了天然氣CCHP的動(dòng)力子系統(tǒng),供熱子系統(tǒng),供冷子系統(tǒng)和優(yōu)化控制子系統(tǒng)等模塊的工作原理,具體分析了廣州大學(xué)城分布式能源站的生產(chǎn)工藝。 再者,分析了天然氣CCHP接入電力系統(tǒng)的影響。研究了天然氣CCHP“并網(wǎng)不上網(wǎng)”和“并網(wǎng)且上網(wǎng)”的兩種并網(wǎng)方式以及“冷熱電聯(lián)供”和“冷熱電聯(lián)供+調(diào)峰電廠”的兩種運(yùn)行方式。 然后,建立了天然氣CCHP運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化模型。研究了系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行機(jī)理以及冷/熱負(fù)荷跟蹤和電負(fù)荷跟蹤運(yùn)行方式下系統(tǒng)的能量平衡關(guān)系。在傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化模型的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮在目標(biāo)函數(shù)中增加開停機(jī)費(fèi)用和環(huán)境成本,在約束條件中增加開停機(jī)次數(shù)約束和污染物排放量約束,構(gòu)造了以年總費(fèi)用最小和年環(huán)境成本最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以電量需求、冷量需求、熱量需求、設(shè)備運(yùn)行負(fù)荷、開停機(jī)次數(shù)和污染物排放為約束條件的天然氣CCHP運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化模型。 最后,選取某天然氣CCHP算例驗(yàn)證模型的可行性和優(yōu)越性。運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件編程實(shí)現(xiàn)基于自然選擇的PSO算法功能,在夏季典型日、冬季典型日和過渡季典型日以及全年運(yùn)行優(yōu)化情景下,對(duì)某天然氣CCHP運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行求解,并與傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)行機(jī)制優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了本文模型的優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:Combined Cold Heat and Power (CCHP) is an energy service system which is connected with large power grid and natural gas network and provides electricity, cold energy and heat energy to users in a certain area at the same time. The natural gas CCHP with 100MW installed capacity is operated by "combined cooling and heat power supply peak-shaving power plant", while the natural gas CCHP with small capacity can operate stably all year round. The advantage of natural gas CCHP lies in the cascade utilization of three kinds of energy forms. However, because of the uncertainty of consumer side cooling and hot electricity load demand, most natural gas CCHP runs in off-condition state. Under the poor operating conditions and load conditions, CCHP can not save energy, but consume more energy, which will not highlight and play to the high energy efficiency characteristics of CCHP. Therefore, it is very important to study the optimization of natural gas CCHP power generation and refrigeration heating from the perspective of energy synthesis. Firstly, the necessity of optimizing CCHP operation mechanism is analyzed. The present situation of natural gas power generation in China is summarized and the significance of developing natural gas CCHP and its operation mechanism optimization is discussed from the angle of scope economics. Secondly, the production and optimization process of natural gas CCHP to electric energy, cold energy and heat energy are studied. The working principle of the power subsystem, heating subsystem, cooling subsystem and optimization control subsystem of CCHP is studied, and the production process of distributed energy station in Guangzhou University City is analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the influence of natural gas CCHP access to power system is analyzed. In this paper, two modes of natural gas CCHP "no grid connection" and "combined cooling and heat supply" and "peak-shaving power plant" are studied. Then, the operation mechanism optimization model of natural gas CCHP is established. The operation mechanism of the system and the energy balance relationship between cold / hot load tracking and electric load tracking are studied. On the basis of the traditional operation mechanism optimization model, the cost of starting and stopping and the environmental cost are increased in the objective function, the number of times and the emission of pollutants are increased in the constraint condition. Based on the objective function of minimum annual total cost and minimum annual environmental cost, the optimization model of CCHP operation mechanism of natural gas is constructed, which takes the demand for electricity, cooling capacity, heat demand, operation load of equipment, times of start-up and shutdown and pollutant emission as constraints. Finally, a natural gas CCHP example is selected to verify the feasibility and superiority of the model. The function of PSO algorithm based on natural selection is realized by using MATLAB software. Under the typical days in summer, the typical days in winter and the typical days in transition season, and in the situation of annual operation optimization, the optimization model of CCHP operation mechanism of a natural gas is solved. Compared with the traditional operation mechanism optimization model, the superiority of this model is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM611

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