本文選題：異步電機 + 模糊自整定PI控制　； 參考：《東北石油大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文根據(jù)大慶油田油氣水計量檢測站的實際特點，研究了三相交流異步電動機的無速度傳感器矢量變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，在石油生產(chǎn)領域，大慶油田油氣水計量檢定站是服務于大慶油田的檢定檢測各類流量計的單位，為滿足各套標準裝置的最大量程的設計要求，安裝了多個不同功率的交流電機來泵水、泵油、吸氣，供標準裝置使用。日常生產(chǎn)時，標準裝置的流通量需要根據(jù)國家計量檢定規(guī)程規(guī)范的進行調(diào)整。當流通量相對較小時，電機依舊滿負荷工作，形成了能源的浪費。通過對交流電機變頻調(diào)速控制的研究，，改善計量站變頻器的工作狀態(tài)，使變頻器的工作效率達到最優(yōu)，達到節(jié)約能源，降低消耗的目的。 在控制方法方面，對于大慶油田油氣水計量檢測站，能否精確地保持異步電機按照預定規(guī)律變化，主要取決于控制方法的優(yōu)劣。PID控制具有原理簡單，易于理解和掌握，其參數(shù)的物理含義非常明顯。模糊控制就是利用模糊數(shù)學的基本思想和理論的控制方法，在傳統(tǒng)的控制領域里，控制系統(tǒng)動態(tài)模式的精確與否是影響控制優(yōu)劣的最主要關鍵，系統(tǒng)動態(tài)的信息越詳細，則越能達到精確控制的目的。但對于過于復雜或難以精確描述的系統(tǒng)，則顯得無能為力了。因此便嘗試著以模糊數(shù)學來處理這些控制問題。本文設計的模糊自整定PI控制，在快速響應、控制超調(diào)等方面都有著顯著的優(yōu)勢。 在無速度傳感器檢測方面，傳統(tǒng)的檢測方法有很多，比如根據(jù)電機的模型進行計算法、自調(diào)節(jié)參考模型法、注入信號法、智能控制計算法等。但是無論何種方法都有各自不同的缺陷，本文主要對參考模型法進行了改進，經(jīng)過坐標變換和利用電機的電壓磁鏈方程與電流磁鏈方程計算之后，在與基本模型進行比較調(diào)節(jié)時，將PI環(huán)節(jié)的比例系數(shù)進行在線調(diào)整，以使獲得的轉速信號既快又準。 本文設計的矢量控制系統(tǒng)充分考慮了以上的控制指標，再通過MATLAB仿真后得到了驗證，對與異步電動機在油氣水計量方面的應用具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:According to the actual characteristics of oil, gas and water metering station in Daqing Oilfield, the speed sensorless vector variable frequency speed regulating system of three-phase AC asynchronous motor is studied in this paper, which is in the field of petroleum production. Daqing Oilfield oil and gas water metering verification station is the unit that serves the Yu Daqing oil field verification and detection of various Flowmeters. In order to meet the design requirements of the maximum measuring range of each set of standard devices, a number of AC motors of different power have been installed to pump water and oil. Inhale for use by standard devices. In daily production, the flow volume of the standard equipment needs to be adjusted according to the national metrological verification regulations. When the flux is relatively small, the motor still works at full capacity, resulting in a waste of energy. Through the research on the frequency conversion speed control of AC motor, the working state of the frequency converter in the measuring station is improved, the working efficiency of the frequency converter is optimized, and the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption is achieved. In terms of control methods, whether or not the asynchronous motor can be accurately changed according to the predetermined law for the oil, gas and water metering and testing station in Daqing Oilfield mainly depends on the merits and demerits of the control method. The pid control has a simple principle and is easy to understand and master. The physical meaning of the parameters is very obvious. Fuzzy control is to use the basic idea of fuzzy mathematics and the control method of theory. In the traditional control field, the accuracy of the control system dynamic mode is the most important key to control the merits and demerits. The more detailed the system dynamic information, the more detailed the system dynamic information is. The more accurate control can be achieved. But there is little that can be done with systems that are too complex or difficult to describe with precision. Therefore, we try to deal with these control problems with fuzzy mathematics. The fuzzy self-tuning Pi control designed in this paper has significant advantages in fast response and overshoot control. In speed sensorless detection, there are many traditional detection methods, such as calculation method based on motor model, self-adjusting reference model method, injection signal method, intelligent control calculation method and so on. However, no matter which method has its own defects, this paper mainly improves the reference model method, after coordinate transformation and calculation by using the voltage flux equation and current flux equation of the motor. When comparing with the basic model, the proportional coefficient of Pi link is adjusted online to make the speed signal obtained fast and accurate. The vector control system designed in this paper has fully considered the above control indexes, and has been verified by MATLAB simulation, which is of great significance to the application of asynchronous motor in oil, gas and water measurement.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM34

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前2條

1 謝雅;黃中華;左金玉;;三相交流異步電機矢量控制系統(tǒng)仿真建模[J];湖南工程學院學報(自然科學版);2013年01期

2 周源;王黎;邱忠才;李金龍;;異步電機矢量控制系統(tǒng)的仿真建模與實現(xiàn)[J];信息技術;2012年06期

本文編號：2110414