本文選題：溫差發(fā)電 + 集熱器��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,我國(guó)成為了世界上最大的汽車生產(chǎn)國(guó)和消費(fèi)國(guó),但是也帶來(lái)一系列的能源和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。如何節(jié)省燃油的消耗以及降低污染和排放成為汽車行業(yè)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。在上世紀(jì)70年代興起的汽車尾氣余熱溫差發(fā)電系統(tǒng)正成為各大高校和車企的研究熱點(diǎn),它是一種能夠?qū)⑵囄矚獾臒崮苻D(zhuǎn)換為電能的裝置,可以提高燃油的利用率,具有較強(qiáng)的應(yīng)用前景和廣闊的市場(chǎng)空間。 本文在國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)汽車尾氣余熱溫差發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)階段存在輸出功率小和結(jié)構(gòu)不緊湊的不足,研究在多場(chǎng)耦合條件下尾氣與集熱器的換熱過(guò)程,為提高集熱器表面溫度和改善集熱器表面溫度分布提供了實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑。同時(shí)搭建了溫差發(fā)電試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架,優(yōu)化溫差發(fā)電片之間的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),得出溫差發(fā)電系統(tǒng)輸出功率與柴油機(jī)工況之間的關(guān)系,與模擬進(jìn)行對(duì)比,為模擬提供了一定的實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。 本文以計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)為基礎(chǔ),利用UG建立集熱器的幾何模型,采用FLUENT軟件對(duì)不同結(jié)構(gòu)集熱器的換熱過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析,得到耦合面平均溫度、集熱器進(jìn)出口壓差和集熱效率的仿真結(jié)果,得到綜合性能最佳的集熱器。 搭建ZS1100柴油機(jī)尾氣余熱溫差發(fā)電試驗(yàn)臺(tái),采用獨(dú)立水冷卻方式,完成不同柴油機(jī)工況下溫差發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的性能試驗(yàn)。在柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速為1200r/min時(shí),輸出功率為3.2kW時(shí),集熱器的集熱效率最大為49.15%；在冷熱端溫差為130℃時(shí),最大輸出功率為106.0W的功率,集熱器的集熱效率為35.44%,熱電轉(zhuǎn)換效率為6.6%,得到溫差發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)電效率為2.34%。 本文對(duì)集熱器的仿真為實(shí)際優(yōu)化集熱器內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)提供了理論基礎(chǔ),搭建的ZS1100柴油機(jī)尾氣余熱半導(dǎo)體溫差發(fā)電試驗(yàn)臺(tái)為以后的相關(guān)研究提供參考。
[Abstract]:At present, China has become the world's largest automobile producer and consumer, but also brings a series of energy and environmental problems. How to save fuel consumption and reduce pollution and emissions has become the key problem in the development of automobile industry. In the 70s of last century, the waste heat differential power generation system of automobile exhaust gas is becoming the research hotspot of universities and automobile enterprises. It is a device that can convert the heat energy of automobile exhaust into electric energy, and can improve the utilization rate of fuel. It has strong application prospect and broad market space. In this paper, based on the related research at home and abroad, the heat transfer process between exhaust gas and collector is studied under the condition of multi-field coupling, aiming at the shortage of low output power and uncompact structure of the waste heat differential power generation system of automobile exhaust gas at the present stage. It provides a way to increase the surface temperature of collector and to improve the surface temperature distribution of collector. At the same time, the test bench of thermoelectric power generation is built to optimize the topological structure between the thermoelectric units, and the relationship between the output power of the thermoelectricity generation system and the working conditions of the diesel engine is obtained, and compared with the simulation, which provides a certain experimental basis for the simulation. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the geometric model of collector is established by UG, and the heat transfer process of collector with different structure is analyzed by fluent software, and the average temperature of coupling surface is obtained. The optimum performance of collector is obtained by the simulation results of pressure difference and heat collection efficiency of collector inlet and outlet. The ZS1100 diesel engine exhaust heat differential power generation test rig was built, and the performance test of the thermoelectric power generation system under different diesel engine conditions was completed by using independent water cooling method. When the speed of diesel engine is 1200r/min and the output power is 3.2 kW, the maximum heat collection efficiency of the collector is 49.15.The maximum output power is 106.0W when the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends is 130C. The collection efficiency of collector is 35.44 and the efficiency of thermoelectric conversion is 6.6. The generating efficiency of thermoelectric system is 2.34. In this paper, the simulation of the collector provides a theoretical basis for practical optimization of the internal structure of the collector, and provides a reference for future research on the ZS1100 diesel engine exhaust heat semiconductor thermoelectric test rig.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM913

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