本文選題：單耗分析理論 + 評價體系　； 參考：《華北電力大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：任何對于能源利用系統(tǒng)中局部系統(tǒng)、設備節(jié)能技術改造,必然引起系統(tǒng)熱力參數(shù)的變化,歸結到能源利用本質上來,必然引起系統(tǒng)不可逆損失的變化；同時,在日常生活中,對于節(jié)能技術我們更多的關注是一次能源消耗的問題。本文基于單耗分析理論,推導出一般化節(jié)能量計算方法,從熱力學實質上揭示出節(jié)能量正比于系統(tǒng)總熵產的減少；重點分析電廠中強化傳熱及余熱利用技術改造節(jié)能量的計算,并分析節(jié)能技術改造對電廠熱力系統(tǒng)的影響。 針對強化傳熱節(jié)能評價的需要,首先開展了換熱器的熵產分析,研究了換熱器不可逆損失的構成及其影響因素。之后,針對電廠凝汽器強化傳熱節(jié)能改造,推導了實際節(jié)能量的計算公式,并開展了案例研究。 對于余熱引入電廠熱力系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能量的定量計算,本文首先分析了余熱引入對于熱力系統(tǒng)的影響,并以某1000MW超臨界機組為例,分析計算了余熱引入熱力系統(tǒng)不同加熱器造成的汽輪機抽汽參數(shù)、內功率和廠用電等熱經濟性指標。同時為了可比性,本文還利用傳統(tǒng)的等效熱降等不同方法計算其節(jié)能量。結果表明,余熱進入熱力系統(tǒng)使汽輪機相關機組處于變工況運行狀態(tài),實際內功率增量小于等效熱降法的計算結果。余熱進入回熱加熱器的溫度水平越高,節(jié)能效果越好,與此同時,低溫省煤器的傳熱溫差越小,投資成本越大。 本文的主要目標是建立與完善基于單耗分析理論的統(tǒng)一化能源利用評價體系,取得第二定律分析應用研究的關鍵技術突破,使之能方便地服務于能源利用系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能設計、優(yōu)化與評價。
[Abstract]:Any technical transformation of energy saving technology for local systems and equipment in energy utilization systems will inevitably cause changes in system thermodynamic parameters, which can be attributed to the essence of energy utilization and will inevitably lead to changes in irreversible losses of the system; at the same time, in daily life, We pay more attention to energy saving technology is a problem of energy consumption. Based on the theory of unit consumption analysis, a general energy saving calculation method is derived in this paper, which reveals that the energy saving is directly proportional to the reduction of the total entropy production of the system in thermodynamics, and emphatically analyzes the calculation of energy saving in the technical transformation of enhanced heat transfer and residual heat utilization in power plants. The influence of energy saving technology transformation on thermal system of power plant is analyzed. To meet the needs of heat transfer enhancement and energy conservation evaluation, the entropy production analysis of heat exchanger was carried out, and the composition of irreversible loss of heat exchanger and its influencing factors were studied. After that, the calculation formula of practical energy saving is derived for the retrofit of condenser heat transfer and energy saving in power plant, and a case study is carried out. For the quantitative calculation of energy saving of waste heat introduced into thermal system of power plant, this paper first analyzes the influence of waste heat introduction on thermal system, and takes a 1000MW supercritical unit as an example. This paper analyzes and calculates the thermal economic indexes of steam turbine extraction parameters internal power and auxiliary power caused by different heaters introduced into the thermal system of waste heat. At the same time, for the sake of comparability, the energy saving is calculated by using the traditional equivalent heat drop and other different methods. The results show that the residual heat entering the thermodynamic system makes the steam turbine related units in the state of operation under different working conditions and the actual internal power increment is less than the calculation result of the equivalent heat drop method. The higher the temperature level of the afterheat entering the regenerative heater, the better the energy-saving effect. At the same time, the smaller the difference of heat transfer temperature of the cryogenic economizer, the greater the investment cost. The main goal of this paper is to establish and perfect the unified energy utilization evaluation system based on the unit consumption analysis theory, to obtain the breakthrough of the key technology of the second law analysis and application research, so that it can serve the energy saving design of the energy utilization system conveniently. Optimization and evaluation.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM621

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本文編號：2081167