本文選題：信息安全 + 電力CPS系統(tǒng)　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：電力系統(tǒng)是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵性基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。近年來(lái),發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)已在世界范圍內(nèi)形成共識(shí)。在智能化過(guò)程中,電力網(wǎng)與信息網(wǎng)不斷融合而構(gòu)成CPS(Cyber-Physical System)系統(tǒng)。信息化是實(shí)現(xiàn)智能電網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ),一方面可以挖掘和實(shí)現(xiàn)新功能,另一方面又會(huì)帶來(lái)新的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。信息系統(tǒng)的異常乃至于通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)起的攻擊都可能穿透信息系統(tǒng)和物理系統(tǒng)的邊界,影響電網(wǎng)安全。因此,電力物理信息系統(tǒng)(Cyber-Physical System,CPS)系統(tǒng)的信息安全問(wèn)題已發(fā)展為當(dāng)前亟待解決的難題。鑒于攻擊模式和對(duì)象因目的不同而有明顯差異,論文從攻擊方視角出發(fā),根據(jù)攻擊目的將針對(duì)電力物理信息系統(tǒng)的攻擊分為無(wú)特定目標(biāo)、以經(jīng)濟(jì)利益目的和以破壞電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定為目的三類。首先結(jié)合北美電網(wǎng)信息系統(tǒng)異常導(dǎo)致的大停電數(shù)據(jù)分析了無(wú)特定目的網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊對(duì)電網(wǎng)的影響;在謀取經(jīng)濟(jì)利益為目的的攻擊模式分析中,作者概述了當(dāng)前防竊電檢測(cè)中的兩種主要思路;在以破壞電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定為目的的攻擊模式分析中,作者根據(jù)可選攻擊對(duì)象不同而分別進(jìn)行了闡述,可為電力系統(tǒng)信息安全分析和防護(hù)方法研究提供新的視角。傳統(tǒng)上,電力系統(tǒng)以網(wǎng)絡(luò)隔離、訪問(wèn)控制為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全防護(hù)。震網(wǎng)病毒的出現(xiàn)證明關(guān)鍵性設(shè)施是沒(méi)有保護(hù)措施的。有特定目標(biāo)的類似震網(wǎng)病毒可以根據(jù)SCADA數(shù)據(jù)表結(jié)構(gòu)獲取電網(wǎng)各線路及對(duì)應(yīng)控制端口信息;再輔以線路拓?fù)溥B接等信息進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)脆弱性分析,誘使關(guān)鍵線路跳閘,甚至誘發(fā)連鎖故障大停電。作者運(yùn)用復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)相關(guān)理論,構(gòu)造連鎖故障模型,并結(jié)合IEEE39節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)仿真分析在不同信息透明度下攻擊方可能選擇的攻擊策略,為研究針對(duì)性防御手段提供依據(jù)。為滿足智能電網(wǎng)雙向互動(dòng)的需求,電力公司構(gòu)建了高級(jí)量測(cè)體系(Advanced Metering Infrastructure,AMI)。智能電表作為高級(jí)量測(cè)體系的基礎(chǔ),其大范圍部署的同時(shí)也引進(jìn)了安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)AMI結(jié)構(gòu)及數(shù)據(jù)信息傳輸路徑,分析了智能電表安全威脅來(lái)源。網(wǎng)絡(luò)病毒作為威脅源之一,很多時(shí)候防不勝防,論文最后設(shè)計(jì)了基于CPU負(fù)荷率的智能電表入侵檢測(cè)方法,并結(jié)合地理信息系統(tǒng)(Geographic Information System,GIS)以及時(shí)檢測(cè)出已感染智能電表并處理之。
[Abstract]:Power system is the key infrastructure of modern society. In recent years, the development of smart grids in the world has formed a consensus. In the process of intelligentization, the power network and information network merges continuously to form the CPS Cyber-Physical system. Informatization is the basis of smart grid. On the one hand, it can mine and realize new functions, on the other hand, it will bring new security risks. The anomaly of information system and even the attack through network can penetrate the boundary of information system and physical system and affect the security of power grid. Therefore, the problem of information security in the Cyber-physical system (CPS) system has developed into a difficult problem to be solved. In view of the obvious difference between the attack mode and the object according to the purpose, this paper divides the attack against the electric power physical information system into no specific targets according to the attack purpose from the perspective of the attacking party. There are three kinds of purposes: economic benefit and stability of power grid. Firstly, combined with the outage data caused by the abnormal information system of North American power grid, the impact of non-specific network attack on the power grid is analyzed, and the attack mode of seeking economic benefits is analyzed. In this paper, the author summarizes the two main ideas in the detection of electricity theft, and in the analysis of the attack mode aimed at destroying the stability of the power grid, according to the different targets of the attack, the author expounds respectively, It can provide a new perspective for information security analysis and protection methods of power system. Traditionally, network security protection is based on network isolation and access control. The emergence of the earthquake net virus proves that the key facilities are not protected. Similar seismic network viruses with specific targets can obtain the information of each line and corresponding control ports according to SCADA data table structure, and then carry out structural vulnerability analysis with information such as line topology connection to induce key lines to trip. Even induced cascading failure blackouts. Based on the theory of complex network, the author constructs a cascading fault model, and analyzes the possible attack strategies chosen by the attacker under different information transparency, combining with the simulation of IEEE39-bus system, which provides the basis for the study of targeted defense methods. To meet the demand for two-way interaction in the smart grid, power companies have built an advanced measurement system, Advanced Metering Infrastructure Ammig. As the basis of the advanced measurement system, intelligent ammeter is deployed in a wide range and also introduces security risks. According to the structure of AMI and the path of data transmission, the source of security threat of intelligent ammeter is analyzed. As one of the threat sources, the network virus is often prevented from being prevented. In the end, an intelligent meter intrusion detection method based on CPU load rate is designed, which is combined with Geographic Information system (GIS) to detect and deal with the infected intelligent meter in time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP309;TM73;TM933.4

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本文編號(hào)：2020063