發(fā)布時間：2018-06-06 09:11

  本文選題：可靠性 + 繼電保護　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國大電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略下,特高壓和高壓直輸電以及特高壓交流輸電作為遠(yuǎn)距離、大容量跨區(qū)輸電的主要方式。各區(qū)域電網(wǎng)之間聯(lián)系的加強,會給人們帶來巨大利益,但同時一個小的電網(wǎng)故障,可能引發(fā)一場大的連鎖故障。繼電保護系統(tǒng)作為電力系統(tǒng)的第一道防線,其可靠性的研究至關(guān)重要。本文研究了高壓電網(wǎng)繼電保護裝置可靠性評估,其主要工作如下： (1)分析了影響繼電保護裝置可靠性的多重因素。首先從保護裝置自身的維度考慮,分析軟件失效、硬件失效以及極少提及的軟件-硬件聯(lián)合失效對可靠性的影響極其失效率的計算模型；其次,從裝置外因的維度考慮,介紹人因失效發(fā)生的原因以及人因可靠性的失效模型；最后,從檢修與維護的維度考慮,分析故障檢修、部分檢修與全部檢修對可靠性的影響效果,為后續(xù)基于多重因素的可靠性建模提供了建模依據(jù)。 (2)提出了基于三參數(shù)Weibulr分布的繼電保護裝置時變失效率的估算新方法。該方法彌補了傳統(tǒng)繼電保護裝置時變失效率估算方法無法模擬運行初期不存在老化失效的不足。通過迭代法對位置參數(shù)進行估計,采用最小二乘法對Weibull分布的形狀參數(shù)、尺度參數(shù)估計。結(jié)合某電網(wǎng)實際失效數(shù)據(jù),計算了自保護裝置投運后的失效率函數(shù),對比分析了傳統(tǒng)擬合方法與三參數(shù)Weibull分布擬合的擬合效果。 (3)針對線路保護,建立考慮多重因素下的單個繼電保護裝置和雙重化保護的Markov模型�；诤愣ㄊУ募僭O(shè),將軟件-硬件聯(lián)合失效加入可靠性模型,分析了Markov下影響繼電保護裝置不可用率的多個參數(shù)及不同失效率下最優(yōu)定檢周期的計算方法；基于時變失效因素,首次對部分檢修周期與全部檢修周期加以區(qū)別,結(jié)合某電網(wǎng)實際數(shù)據(jù),分析了繼電保護裝置不同檢修策略對繼電保護不可用率的影響。 (4)提出了基于Markov模型的高壓輸電線繼電保護風(fēng)險評估方法。通過劃分輸電線路與保護裝置不同狀態(tài),針對微機保護裝置自檢特性,提出了隱性誤動風(fēng)險、顯性誤動風(fēng)險、隱性拒動風(fēng)險和顯性拒動風(fēng)險四個風(fēng)險；利用Markov模型,推導(dǎo)了四個風(fēng)險的計算方法；進一步根據(jù)某電網(wǎng)直流保護和交流保護的兩組實測數(shù)據(jù),計算了相應(yīng)的四個風(fēng)險,并分析了風(fēng)險與傳統(tǒng)的可靠性指標(biāo)在評價繼電保護可靠性上的差異。
[Abstract]:Under the development strategy of large power grid interconnection in China, UHV and HV direct transmission and UHV AC transmission are the main modes of long-distance and large-capacity transmission across the region. A strong connection between regional power grids will bring great benefits to people, but at the same time, a small power grid failure may lead to a large cascading fault. As the first line of defense of the power system, the research on the reliability of relay protection system is very important. In this paper, the reliability evaluation of relay protection device in high voltage power network is studied. The main work is as follows: 1) the multiple factors affecting the reliability of relay protection device are analyzed. First of all, considering the dimension of the protection device itself, the paper analyzes the calculation model of software failure, hardware failure and the failure rate of software hardware joint failure which is rarely mentioned; secondly, considering from the dimension of device external cause, the model of failure rate of software failure, hardware failure and joint failure of software and hardware is analyzed. This paper introduces the cause of human failure and the failure model of human reliability. Finally, considering the dimension of maintenance and repair, the paper analyzes the effect of fault maintenance, partial maintenance and total maintenance on reliability. It provides the basis for the reliability modeling based on multiple factors. A new method for estimating time-varying failure rate of relay protection device based on three-parameter Weibulr distribution is proposed. This method makes up for the deficiency that the traditional method of estimating the time-varying failure rate of relay protection device can not simulate the aging failure at the early stage of operation. The position parameters are estimated by iterative method, and the shape parameters and scale parameters of Weibull distribution are estimated by least square method. Combined with the actual failure data of a power network, the failure rate function of the self-protection device is calculated, and the fitting effect between the traditional fitting method and the three-parameter Weibull distribution fitting method is compared and analyzed. 3) for line protection, the Markov model of single relay protection device and dual protection is established considering multiple factors. Based on the assumption of constant failure, the software / hardware combined failure model is added to the reliability model, and several parameters affecting the unavailability rate of relay protection device under Markov and the calculation method of optimal check period under different failure rate are analyzed. Based on the time-varying failure factors, the partial maintenance cycle and the whole maintenance period are distinguished for the first time. Combined with the actual data of a power network, the influence of different maintenance strategies of the relay protection device on the unavailability of the relay protection is analyzed. (4) A risk assessment method for high voltage transmission line relay protection based on Markov model is proposed. By dividing the different states of transmission lines and protection devices, according to the self-checking characteristics of microcomputer protection devices, four risks are put forward, namely, recessive misoperation risk, explicit misoperation risk, recessive misoperation risk and overt unmovable risk, and the Markov model is used. The calculation methods of four risks are deduced, and the corresponding four risks are calculated according to two groups of measured data of DC protection and AC protection in a power network. The difference between risk and traditional reliability index in evaluating relay protection reliability is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM774

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1986003