本文選題：雙饋異步發(fā)電機 + 風電變流器�。� 參考：《浙江大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著風力發(fā)電在電網(wǎng)中所占比重的不斷擴大以及并網(wǎng)準則的逐步完善,具有電壓故障穿越能力的風電機組逐漸成為對風電場的必然要求�，F(xiàn)代風電并網(wǎng)規(guī)范的核心要求可概括為,不僅要求風電機組能夠適應各類電網(wǎng)對稱及不對稱故障,還要求其具備支持故障電網(wǎng)恢復的能力。從常見電網(wǎng)故障類型角度看,電網(wǎng)電壓驟變(對稱及不對稱跌落、驟升)對并網(wǎng)風電機組的危害最為直接、普遍,影響也最為顯著。目前,雙饋型風電機組仍為風電的主流機型,由于采用了較小容量的勵磁變流器,故對電網(wǎng)故障十分敏感且承受能力較差。因此,開展電網(wǎng)電壓故障下雙饋風電機組的運行特性研究,并提出相應控制對策,具有十分重要的理論研究和工程應用價值。 在此背景下,本文以理論分析、仿真研究和實驗驗證為手段,深入、系統(tǒng)研究了該類風電機組在電網(wǎng)電壓對稱及不對稱等常見故障下的行為特征,提出了與并網(wǎng)規(guī)范相適應的電網(wǎng)友好型風電系統(tǒng)的改進控制策略。論文的研究重點是：1)電網(wǎng)電壓輕微對稱跌落或驟升時DFIG機組的建模分析及改進控制策略,應用了一系列改進控制策略,其中包括“滅磁”控制理論,無功功率支持理論,非線性反推控制算法以及改變直流母線電壓參考值的控制方法；2)電網(wǎng)電壓不對稱故障下DFIG機組的建模分析及改進控制策略,設計了一系列諧振控制器實現(xiàn)不同控制目標,其中采用的直接諧振技術無需對各電量進行正、負序分解,簡化了控制結構的同時增強了系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的魯棒性；3)電網(wǎng)電壓嚴重故障時,采用軟件控制手段結合轉子側Active Crowbar保護裝置和變槳距技術,在保證機組安全應對電流和電壓的瞬時沖擊的前提下,可以提供一定的無功功率支持,符合現(xiàn)代風電并網(wǎng)規(guī)程的要求。 最后,簡單介紹了所用可編程電網(wǎng)故障模擬電源以及3kW雙饋發(fā)電機組實驗平臺的硬件構成,并進行了上述部分控制算法的實驗,給出了必要的實驗結果,驗證了文中所述控制策略的正確性和有效性,說明本論文所研究的改進控制策略可以有效增強DFIG系統(tǒng)的不間斷運行能力,應對雙饋風力發(fā)電機組的電壓故障穿越問題具有一定的工程應用前景。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of wind power generation in the power grid and the gradual improvement of grid connection criteria wind turbines with the capacity of voltage fault traversing have gradually become the inevitable requirements for wind farms. The core requirements of modern wind power grid connection specification can be summarized as follows: not only can wind turbines be able to adapt to symmetric and asymmetric faults of various types of power grids, but also they should have the ability to support the restoration of fault networks. From the point of view of common power network fault types, the voltage sudden change (symmetrical and asymmetric drop, sudden rise) is the most direct, universal and significant impact on grid-connected wind turbines. At present, the doubly-fed wind turbine is still the mainstream type of wind power generation. Because of the use of small capacity excitation converter, it is very sensitive to power network faults and has poor bearing capacity. Therefore, it is very important to study the operation characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbines under voltage fault and put forward the corresponding control countermeasures, which has very important theoretical research and engineering application value. Under this background, by means of theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental verification, the behavior characteristics of this kind of wind turbine under common faults, such as voltage symmetry and asymmetry, are studied systematically. An improved control strategy for grid-friendly wind power system is proposed. The research emphasis of this paper is the modeling analysis and improved control strategy of DFIG unit in the case of slight symmetrical drop or sudden rise of power grid voltage. A series of improved control strategies are applied, including "degaussing" control theory, reactive power support theory, and so on. Nonlinear backstepping control algorithm and control method to change the reference value of DC bus voltage A) modeling analysis and improved control strategy of DFIG unit under voltage asymmetry fault in power network. A series of resonant controllers are designed to achieve different control objectives. The direct resonance technique does not need to decompose each quantity of electricity in a positive or negative sequence, which simplifies the control structure and enhances the robustness of the system parameters. Using software control method, combined with rotor side Active Crowbar protection device and variable pitch technology, can provide certain reactive power support under the premise of ensuring the safety of the unit to respond to the instantaneous impulse of current and voltage. In line with the requirements of modern wind power grid regulations. Finally, the hardware structure of the programmable power grid fault simulation power supply and the 3kW doubly-fed generator experimental platform is introduced, and the experiment of the control algorithm mentioned above is carried out, and the necessary experimental results are given. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified. It is shown that the improved control strategy studied in this paper can effectively enhance the uninterrupted operation capability of DFIG system. The voltage fault traversing problem of doubly-fed wind turbine has a certain engineering application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM315

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