本文選題：同位素溫差電池 + 溫差發(fā)電�。� 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著空間應(yīng)用需求的日益加大以及空間技術(shù)的不斷成熟,人類空間的探索腳步逐漸走向太陽系,通過向火星、木星、土星、天王星、海王星和冥王星等外行星發(fā)射探測器,探索更遠宇宙空間的奧秘。隨著離太陽的距離越來越遠,選擇合適的能源為航天器提供動力,是深空探測中的一項重要議題。至今,在空間飛行器中都得到成功應(yīng)用的能源有化學(xué)電池、太陽電池、蓄電池供電系統(tǒng)、燃料電池、放射性同位素溫差發(fā)電器,而適用于深空探測、月球探測任務(wù)的,且最為成熟的無疑只有放射性同位素溫差發(fā)電器。本文針對小型的百毫瓦同位素溫差電池的設(shè)計、研制、測試方法開展了分析與實驗研究。首先,對同位素溫差電池(簡稱RTG,Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator)在空間技術(shù)領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的現(xiàn)狀進行了文獻調(diào)研;闡述了同位素溫差電池的工作原理,對百毫瓦同位素溫差電池的總體構(gòu)型和設(shè)計技術(shù)指標進行了分析和性能計算;然后對百毫瓦同位素溫差電池研制關(guān)鍵的溫差電材料和溫差電模塊及性能測試進行了研究;最后完成了百毫瓦同位素溫差電池的集成裝配、性能測試和壽命預(yù)計。本論文的創(chuàng)新點在于:(1)首次在國內(nèi)進行了基于Pu-238同位素?zé)嵩吹陌俸镣咄凰販夭铍姵氐南到y(tǒng)設(shè)計技術(shù)研究,并研制出國內(nèi)第一臺Pu-238放射性同位素溫差電池;(2)在致冷應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)上,進行了Bi2Te3基溫差發(fā)電材料的高溫應(yīng)用研究,達到了Bi2Te3基溫電材料的低溫發(fā)電應(yīng)用要求;(3)進行了基于溫差發(fā)電模塊用Bi2Te3元件的長面比優(yōu)化的試驗研究,提高了溫差發(fā)電模塊的結(jié)構(gòu)效率;(4)進行了電池壽命典型影響因素分析,驗證了放電模式和輻照對電池壽命的影響。本論文在理論研究和實驗研究的基礎(chǔ)上,完成了百毫瓦同位素溫差電池的設(shè)計和系統(tǒng)測試研究,論文中所闡述的溫差電池設(shè)計、集成、性能評估方法將為今后深入研究同位素溫差電池的設(shè)計和研制技術(shù)提供了研究思路和方法支持。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for space and the growing maturity of space technology, the pace of human space exploration is gradually moving towards the solar system. By launching probes to Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto, the mysteries of space are explored farther and farther from the sun. Energy is an important issue for spacecraft, which is an important issue in deep space exploration. So far, the successful applications of energy in space vehicles include chemical batteries, solar cells, battery power systems, fuel cells, and radioisotope thermoelectric generators, which are suitable for deep space exploration, lunar exploration, and the most mature. Only radioisotope thermoelectric generator. In this paper, the design, development and test method of the miniature 100 milliwatts isotope temperature difference battery have been developed and tested. First, the current status of the application of RTG (Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator) in the field of space technology is investigated and investigated. The principle of the isotope temperature difference battery is analyzed and the performance calculation is made on the overall configuration and the design technical index of the 100 milliwatts isotope temperature difference battery. Then the key thermoelectric materials and thermoelectric modules and the performance test of the 100 milliwatts isotope temperature difference battery are studied. Finally, the thermoelectric differential of the 100 milliwatts isotope is completed. The integrated assembly, performance testing and life expectancy of the pool are found in this paper: (1) the system design technology of 100 milliwatts isotope thermostatic battery based on Pu-238 isotopes was first studied in China, and the first Pu-238 radioisotope temperature difference battery was developed in China; (2) Bi2Te was carried out on the basis of the application of cooling. The high temperature application of the 3 base temperature difference power generation material has reached the requirements for the low temperature power generation application of the Bi2Te3 base temperature electric materials. (3) the experimental study on the optimization of the long surface ratio based on the temperature difference power generation module was carried out, and the structure efficiency of the thermoelectric power generation module was improved. (4) the typical influence factors of the battery life were analyzed, and the discharge mode was verified. On the basis of theoretical and experimental research, the design and system test of 100 milliwatts isotope temperature difference battery are completed on the basis of theoretical and experimental research. The design, integration and performance evaluation method of the thermostatic battery described in this paper will provide an in-depth study of the design and development of isotope thermostatic batteries for future research. The research ideas and methods are supported.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM913

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 鄭海山;趙國銘;;放射性同位素溫差電池的空間應(yīng)用及前景分析[J];電源技術(shù);2013年07期

2 席麗麗;楊炯;史迅;張文清;陳立東;楊繼輝;;填充方鈷礦熱電材料:從單填到多填[J];中國科學(xué):物理學(xué) 力學(xué) 天文學(xué);2011年06期

3 劉勇;張麗麗;張建中;;高性能N型熱壓BiTe基材料的研究[J];電源技術(shù);2008年06期

4 張建中;任保國;王澤深;鄭海山;;放射性同位素溫差發(fā)電器在深空探測中的應(yīng)用[J];宇航學(xué)報;2008年02期

5 侯欣賓;王立;;美國空間同位素能源裝置發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀[J];航天器工程;2007年02期

6 張建中;任保國;王澤深;;空間應(yīng)用放射性同位素溫差發(fā)電器的發(fā)展趨勢[J];電源技術(shù);2006年07期

7 蔡善鈺;空間同位素發(fā)電體系的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀與展望[J];核科學(xué)與工程;1994年04期

，

本文編號：1902457