本文選題：水輪發(fā)電機(jī) + 軸系　； 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水輪發(fā)電機(jī)是一類集機(jī)械、電磁和水力等因素相互影響、相互制約的復(fù)雜非線性動(dòng)力系統(tǒng),其機(jī)組軸系在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中表現(xiàn)出復(fù)雜的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)特征。隨著水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組功率和尺寸的急劇增大、比轉(zhuǎn)速的提高,機(jī)組振動(dòng)和穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越突出,特別是在非線性油膜力、不平衡磁拉力和轉(zhuǎn)定碰磨力的作用下,其動(dòng)力學(xué)特性就會(huì)變得非常復(fù)雜,研究水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組振動(dòng)的機(jī)理和規(guī)律,對(duì)于從根本上改善機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)特性有著極其重要的意義。本文的主要研究工作有：首先根據(jù)燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組軸系布置方式建立了雙支點(diǎn)雙懸臂的轉(zhuǎn)子—軸承模型,在考慮到重力、浮力、水力不平衡力、非線性油膜力的情形下,推導(dǎo)出了水輪發(fā)電機(jī)不平衡轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)微分方程。分析了轉(zhuǎn)速、轉(zhuǎn)子偏心距等參數(shù)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著轉(zhuǎn)速、轉(zhuǎn)子偏心距等參數(shù)的變化,系統(tǒng)的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)特征變得十分復(fù)雜,出現(xiàn)了周期運(yùn)動(dòng)、倍周期分岔和混沌運(yùn)動(dòng)。其次,為了更為準(zhǔn)確的把握轉(zhuǎn)子—軸承系統(tǒng)在電磁故障下的動(dòng)力學(xué)特征,本文建立了不平衡磁拉力作用下轉(zhuǎn)子-軸承系統(tǒng)的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。討論了轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速、勵(lì)磁電流等參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的影響。結(jié)果表明,轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速和勵(lì)磁電流對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)特性影響顯著,隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的逐漸增大,轉(zhuǎn)子的振動(dòng)幅值先增大后減�。浑S著勵(lì)磁電流的不斷變化,系統(tǒng)由穩(wěn)定的周期運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)入擬周期運(yùn)動(dòng)。最后,通過(guò)對(duì)軸向推力作用下的碰摩轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行解析,建立了碰摩轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)在軸向推力作用下的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,詳細(xì)分析了摩擦系數(shù)、定子徑向剛度等參數(shù)對(duì)軸向推力作用下碰摩轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的影響。分析發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著摩擦系數(shù)、定子徑向剛度等參數(shù)的變化,碰摩力在轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中逐漸成為主導(dǎo)因素,系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)出倍周期分岔、混沌運(yùn)動(dòng)等非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)特征。本文通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)際機(jī)組不同工況下的計(jì)算分析得出了機(jī)組隨不同的控制參數(shù)變化時(shí)的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性變化規(guī)律,為燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組的設(shè)計(jì)和穩(wěn)定性分析提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Hydrogenerator is a kind of complex nonlinear dynamic system with mutual influence of mechanical, electromagnetic and hydraulic factors. Its shafting shows complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics during operation. With the rapid increase of power and size of hydro-generator sets and the increase of specific speed, the problems of vibration and stability become more and more prominent, especially under the action of nonlinear oil film force, unbalanced magnetic pull force and rotating impact force. Its dynamic characteristics will become very complicated. It is of great significance to study the mechanism and law of turbine generator unit vibration to improve the dynamic characteristics of the unit fundamentally. The main research work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the rotor bearing model of double fulcrum and double cantilever is established according to the shafting arrangement of bulb tubular turbine generator set, which takes gravity, buoyancy, hydraulic imbalance into account. In the case of nonlinear oil film force, the dynamic differential equation of the vibration of an unbalanced rotor system of a hydrogenerator is derived. The effects of rotor speed and rotor eccentricity on the dynamic characteristics of rotor system are analyzed. It is found that with the change of rotational speed and rotor eccentricity, the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the system become very complex, with periodic motion, period doubling bifurcation and chaotic motion. Secondly, in order to more accurately grasp the dynamic characteristics of rotor-bearing system under electromagnetic fault, the nonlinear dynamic model of rotor-bearing system under unbalanced magnetic pull is established in this paper. The effects of rotor speed, excitation current and other parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the system are discussed. The results show that the rotor speed and excitation current have a significant effect on the vibration characteristics of the rotor system. With the increasing of the rotor speed, the vibration amplitude of the rotor increases first and then decreases, and with the constant change of the excitation current, The system changes from stable periodic motion to quasi periodic motion. Finally, by analyzing the motion of rub-impact rotor system under axial thrust, the nonlinear dynamic model of rub-impact rotor system under axial thrust is established, and the friction coefficient is analyzed in detail. The influence of stator radial stiffness and other parameters on the dynamic characteristics of rub-impact rotor system under axial thrust. It is found that with the variation of friction coefficient, radial stiffness of stator and other parameters, rub-impact force gradually becomes the dominant factor in rotor system motion, and the system exhibits nonlinear dynamic characteristics such as periodic doubling bifurcation, chaotic motion and so on. Based on the calculation and analysis of actual units under different working conditions, the dynamic characteristics of units with different control parameters are obtained, which provides a reference for the design and stability analysis of bulb tubular turbine generator sets.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM312

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