本文選題：風電并網(wǎng) + 儲能技術(shù)��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：化石能源的枯竭和環(huán)境問題的惡化,大力推動了可再生能源在全球范圍內(nèi)的發(fā)展,其中風力發(fā)電作為相對成熟的技術(shù)已得到廣泛應(yīng)用。但由于風能資源存在不確定性等缺陷,風電功率會表現(xiàn)出不同程度的波動性。隨著風電規(guī)模的逐年增大,其并網(wǎng)給電力系統(tǒng)帶來的問題和挑戰(zhàn)也在隨之升級,包括出力波動對電能質(zhì)量的影響以及給常規(guī)機組帶來的調(diào)峰壓力、低精度的風電預(yù)測給電力系統(tǒng)帶來的調(diào)度難題等。而儲能技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)和發(fā)展則為解決風電并網(wǎng)問題提供了有效途徑。為風電場配置合適類型和規(guī)模的儲能電源,形成風儲聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng),通過儲能電源的快速功率吞吐作用和電量時移能力,改善風電出力特性,使其成為相對可控、可調(diào)的電源,提高其并網(wǎng)運行的穩(wěn)定性。本文通過細分風儲聯(lián)合應(yīng)用場景,提出了集“應(yīng)用選型-容量配置-優(yōu)選評估”環(huán)節(jié)于一體的儲能需求評估方法,能為相關(guān)決策者提供規(guī)劃指導(dǎo),具有一定的工程實用價值。本文首先提煉了各類儲能的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟特征指標,形成其綜合指標體系,并以蓄電池為主要對象構(gòu)建了表征充放電過程的儲能綜合靜態(tài)模型。根據(jù)控制目標和時間尺度的不同,劃分了包括“平抑波動”、“跟蹤計劃出力”和“削峰填谷”三個風儲聯(lián)合應(yīng)用場景,并提煉了相應(yīng)場景的特征指標�；诟黝悆δ艿南嗷Ρ群途C合指標體系,利用層次分析法進行了儲能的選型匹配,確定了三個場景下相對合適的儲能類型�；谌珘勖芷诔杀纠碚摷斑\行過程中的“等效替代”效應(yīng),利用凈現(xiàn)值法構(gòu)建了儲能的成本-效益經(jīng)濟模型。并以蓄電池為主要對象,提出了結(jié)合等效循環(huán)壽命法和雨流計數(shù)法的儲能運行壽命測算方法。根據(jù)儲能選型的結(jié)果,分別針對三個應(yīng)用場景提出了合適的容量配置策略,通過對張北等地風電場的實例仿真,形成了各應(yīng)用場景下多套可行的儲能配置方案。其中“平抑波動”場景采用的是滑動平均濾波和小波包分解波動分量的方法,“跟蹤計劃出力”場景采用的是粒子群算法對儲能經(jīng)濟模型優(yōu)化求解的方法,“削峰填谷”場景采用的是劃分儲能內(nèi)外層控制區(qū)和一階低通濾波的方法。最后為評估各儲能配置方案在技術(shù)經(jīng)濟綜合性能上的優(yōu)劣,將偏好順序結(jié)構(gòu)法和層次分析法相結(jié)合進行了方案的排序優(yōu)選,得到各應(yīng)用場景下的最優(yōu)儲能配置方案。同時利用交互輔助幾何分析法,對各方案的評價指標之于排序評估結(jié)果的影響進行了靈敏度分析。
[Abstract]:The depletion of fossil energy and the deterioration of environmental problems have greatly promoted the development of renewable energy in the world, among which wind power generation as a relatively mature technology has been widely used. However, due to the uncertainty of wind energy, wind power will show varying degrees of volatility. As the scale of wind power increases year by year, the problems and challenges brought by the grid connection to power system are being upgraded, including the influence of power fluctuation on power quality and the peak-shaving pressure brought to conventional units. The low-precision wind power forecasting brings problems to power system dispatching and so on. The emergence and development of energy storage technology provides an effective way to solve the problem of wind power grid connection. The wind farm is equipped with a suitable type and scale of energy storage power supply to form a combined wind storage power generation system. By means of the rapid power huff and the time shift ability of the energy storage power supply, the characteristics of the wind power output are improved to make it a relatively controllable and adjustable power supply. Improve the stability of its grid-connected operation. In this paper, by subdividing the combined application of wind and storage, a method of energy storage needs assessment is put forward, which integrates "application selection, capacity configuration and optimal selection evaluation", which can provide planning guidance for relevant decision makers and has certain practical engineering value. In this paper, the technical and economic characteristic indexes of various kinds of energy storage are abstracted, and the comprehensive index system is formed, and a comprehensive static model of energy storage is constructed to describe the charge-discharge process of the battery as the main object. According to the difference of control goal and time scale, the combined application scenarios of wind and storage including "stabilizing fluctuation", "tracking planning force" and "cutting peak and filling valley" are divided, and the characteristic indexes of the corresponding scenarios are refined. Based on the comparison of different kinds of energy storage and the comprehensive index system, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to select and match the energy storage, and determines the relatively appropriate types of energy storage under the three scenarios. Based on the life-cycle cost theory and the "equivalent substitution" effect in the operation process, the cost-benefit economic model of energy storage is constructed by using the net present value (NPV) method. Taking the battery as the main object, an energy storage life calculation method combining the equivalent cycle life method and the rain flow counting method is proposed. According to the results of energy storage selection, appropriate capacity allocation strategies are put forward for the three application scenarios respectively. Through the simulation of wind farms in Zhangbei and other places, several feasible energy storage configuration schemes are formed under each application scenario. The methods of moving average filter and wavelet packet decomposition are used in the "stabilizing wave" scenario, and the particle swarm optimization method is used in the "tracking planning force" scenario to solve the economic model of energy storage. The method of dividing the control area of inner and outer layer of energy storage and the first order low pass filter is used in the scene of "cutting peak and filling valley". Finally, in order to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each energy storage configuration scheme in the technical and economic comprehensive performance, the preference sequence structure method and the analytic hierarchy process are combined to select the optimal scheme, and the optimal energy storage configuration scheme under each application scenario is obtained. At the same time, the sensitivity analysis of the influence of the evaluation index of each scheme on the ranking evaluation results is carried out by using the interactive aided geometric analysis method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM614

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